最新新编国际商法精品资料英文案例与练习.docx
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最新新编国际商法精品资料英文案例与练习.docx
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最新新编国际商法精品资料英文案例与练习
英文案例与练习
第一章导论
1、MajorDifferencesbetweenCommonandStatuteLaw
CommonLawStatuteLaw
OriginCreatedbyjudicialbranchthroughCreatedbythelegislativebranchthrough
decisionsincasesthataredecidedaformallawmakingprocess
bythecourts
FormRulesfoundindecisionsofpriorOfficialcodifiedtext
cases
ScopeNarrow------limitedtoactualBroad------subjectonlytoconstitutional
Caseslimitations
EffectofsocialIndirect-----judgessomewhatDirect------throughthepoliticalprocess
andpoliticalinsulatedfrompoliticalpressures
forces
2、MajorDifferencesbetweenLawandEquity
LawEquity
MethodofresolvingApplicationofexistingrulesRulesoflawtemperedbydiscretion
Disputeoflaw------courtofconscience
TrialJuryNojury
RemedyLegalremedy(usuallydamages,Decree,enforceablethroughcontempt
enforceablethroughexecution)proceedings(e.g.,injunction,decreeof
specificperformance)
3、MajorDifferencesbetweenCivilandCriminalLaw
CivilLawCriminalLaw
NatureDealswithrightsanddutiesDealswithoffencesagainstsociety
Betweenindividualsasawhole(thestate)
PartybringingsuitIndividualThestate
WrongfulactCausingharmtoanotherViolatingastatuteprohibitingsome
individualtypeofactivity
RemedysoughtDamagestocompensatePunishment-----fineand/orimprison-
forthelosssustainedment
StandardofproofPreponderanceoftheBeyondareasonabledoubt
evidence
4、TheFederalandStateCourtSystem
U.S.SupremeCourt
StateSupremeCourt
(AppellateLevel)
U.S.CourtsofAppealStateCourtsofAppeal
U.S.DistrictCourtsStateGeneralTrialCourts
(TrialLevel)
SpecializedStateCourtsofLimited
U.S.CourtsJurisdiction
第二章商事组织法
ReadtheBalanceSheetofABCMotors
BalanceSheetofABCMotors
———————————————————————————————————————
ABCMotors
BalancesheetforyearendingMatch31st1999
Sourceoffunds
SHARECAPITALunits
Authorized5,400ordinaryshareof100units
60010%debenturesof100units
Issuedandfullypaid5,400ordinarysharesof100units540,000
60010%debenturesof100units60,000
REVENUERESERVES
AddedNetProfit39,000
LessDrawing34,000
RetainedProfit5,000
LONG-TERMLIABILITIES200,000
Bankloan
CURRENTLIABILITIES5O,500
Creditors
885,500
Employmentoffunds
costaccumulatednetbook
depreciationvalue
FIXEDASSETS
Property800,000270,000530,000
Equipment250,000100,000150,000
Motorvehicles100,00074,50025,500
705,500
CURRENTASSETS
Stock90,500
Debtors58,000
Bankmoneys1,150
Cashinhand350
150,000
855,500
AnswerthefollowingquestionsaboutABCMotors’balancesheet。
(1)Howmuchoftheauthorizedsharecapitalhasbeenissued?
(2)Whatisthetotal
equitycapitalofABCMotors?
(3)Thebankownsallthedebenturesinthecompany.Howmuchmoneyhasthebankinvestedinthecompany?
(4)Howmuchinterestdoesthebankreceivedonitsdebentureseachyear?
(5)HowmuchmoneydidABCMotorscarryoverfromthelastyear?
(6)HowmuchABCMotorsborrowedfromthebank?
(7)HowmuchdoABCMotorsstillowetheirsuppliers?
(8)HowmuchdiditcostoriginallytobuyallABCMotors’fixedassets?
(9)WhatareABCMotors’fixedassetsworthnow?
(10)WhatisthevalueoftherawmaterialsandcomponentsABCMotorshaveinstockatthemoment?
(11)HowmuchdoABCMotors’customersowethem?
(12)HowmuchmoneydoABCMotorshavereadilyavailableatthemoment?
第三章合同法
Hammerv.Sidway,CourtofAppealsofNewYork,1891
WilliamE.Story,promisestopayhisnephew,WilliamE.Story,H,$5000ifhewouldrefrainfromdrinking,usingtobacco,swearing,andplayingcardsorbilliardsformoneyuntilhebecametwenty-oneyearofage.Thenephewrefrainedfromallthespecifiedactivitiesashewasrequestedtodo,andonhistwenty-firstbirthdayhewrotehisunclealetteraskinghimformoney.
Theuncle,inreply,assuredthenephew,“Youshallhavethe$5000asIpromisedyou."Theunclewenton,however,toexplainthathehadworkedveryhardtoaccumulatethatsumofmoneyandwouldpayit"whenyouarecapableoftakingcareofit,andthesoonerthattimecomesthebetteritwillsuitme."
Twoyearslatertheuncledied,withouthavingmadepayment.Theadministratoroftheuncle'sestate,Sidway,refusedtopaythe$5000,andsuitwasbroughttorecoverthatsum.(TheplaintiffisHammerratherthannephew,forthereasonthatatsometimebeforelitigationwasbegunthenephewhadassigned------thatis,sold-------hisrightsagainsttheestatetoHammer.ThusHamer’srighttorecoverisentirelydependentuponwhetherthenephewhadavalidcontractualclaimagainsthisuncle.)
Thetrialcourtruledthattheuncle’spromisetopaythe$5000wasnotsupportedbyconsiderationonthepartofthenephew(thepromisee)andenteredjudgmentforthedefendant.Theplaintiffappealed.
Decision:
Thejudgmentwasreversedandenteredfortheplaintiff.ThenephewhadthelegalrighttousetobaccoandliquorinNewYork.Therefore,givingupthoseproductsforthespecificperiodoftimeclearlyconstitutedalegaldetrimenttohim.Thustheargumentthattheuncle'spromisewasnotsupportedbyconsiderationonthepartofthenephewwaswrong(Whileitmaybetrue,astheestatecontended,thattheuncle/promisorreceivednobenefitfromthenephew'sacts,thisfactisimmaterial.Considerationconceptsrequireonlythatthepromiseeincuradetrimentinorderforapromisetobeenforceable.)
Comment:
Twoconsiderationprinciplesareunderscoredhere,asaresultofthehighercourt’srejectionofthedefensesraisedbytheuncle'sestate.First,ifapromiseeincursadetrimentbywaivingalegalright,thepromiseehasgivenconsiderationeventhoughheorshemayhavereceivedanincidentalbenefitatthesametime.(Thus,thenephewgavetheconsiderationbygivingupcertainrights------suchastherighttosmoke------eventhoughhemayhavealsobeenphysicallybenefitedbythisforbearance).Second,considerationexistsifthepromiseeincursadetriment.Itisnotarequirementthatthepromisormustalsoreceiveabenefit.
第四章货物买卖法
1、写下面这些贸易术语所包含的内容。
WhatisincludedExFOBCFRCIFFRANCO
intheprice?
CostWorksFORFASLiverpoolNewYorkNewYork511WallStreet
NewYork
1.Goods
2.Packing
3.RailTransport
4.loadingCharges
5.Seafreight
6.Insurance
7.LandingCharges
8.CustomsDuty
9.Transportto
Importer
PriceCharged
2、KnowthespecificcontentbyreadingthefollowingModelSalesContract.
SalesContract
ToMessrs:
No。
:
Telex:
Date:
Fax:
E-Mail:
ThisSalesContractismadeoutasperthefollowingtermsandconditionsmutuallyconfirmedbybothparties:
1、NameofCommodityandSpecifications2、Quantity3、UnitPrice4、Amount
5、TermsofPrice:
6、(QuantityAllowance+-%)
7、TotalValue:
8、TimeofDeliveryandModeofTransportation
However,theSeller’sobligationtodeliverisconditionaluponreceiptfromtheBuyerofaletterofcreditoradvancepaymentinaccordancewithClause9ofthe
Contract30daysbeforethetimeofdeliverystipulatedhereof.Ifacarrieris
selectedandbookedbytheBuyeritselfinaccordancewiththetermsofthisContract,theSellerwillhavethecommodityreadyforshipmentbysuchtimeofdelivery.
9、ShippingMark
10、PortofLoading
11、PortofDestination
12、Payment
By100%confirmed,irrevocable,withoutrecourseL/C,infavoroftheSeller,availablebysightdraft,allowingtranshipmentandpartialshipment,validfornegotiationinChinauntilthe15thdayafterthedateofshipment.TheBuyerisrequiredalwaystoquoteintheL/CthenumberofthisContractandthecommodityinaccordanceherewith.
13、Insurance
For110%ofinvoicevalue,uptotheportofdestination,aspertheinsuranceclausesofthePeople’sInsuranceCompanyofChinacoveringWPA&WarRisksbutexcludingSRCCRisks.Ifadditionalinsuranceamountofcoverageisrequired,theBuyershallhavetheconsentoftheSellerbeforeshipmentandtheadditionalpremiumthusincurredshallbebornebytheBuyer.
14、Packing
AllthecommoditieshereunderwillbepackedwithpackingmaterialsdeemedbytheSellersuitableforthemodeoftransportationstipulatedinClause5hereof.Ifadditionalrequirementforpackingisneeded,theBuyershallhavetheconsentoftheSellerandbearalltheextrachargesthusincurred.
15、Documents
(a)TheSellerwillonlyprovidetheBuyerwiththefollowingdocumentsforpayment:
OceanBillofLadingincaseofshipmentbyseaorAirwayBillincaseofshipmentbyairorCargoReceiptincaseofshipmentbyrail;(b)CommercialInvoice;(c)PackingList;(d)InsurancePolicy/CertificateincaseofCIFterms;(e)OtherDocuments.
Ifanyadditionaldocuments,suchasCertificateofOriginandConsularInvoice,etc.,isrequired,theSellermayprovideasrequiredfortheBuyer’saccount.
16、RiskofLoss
TheriskofcommodityshalltransfertotheBuyer:
(a)Whenithaspassedovertherailofthevesselandbeenreleasedfromthetackleincaseofshipmentbysea;(b)Whenithasbeendeliveredintothecustodyoftheaircarrieroragentincaseofshipmentbyair;(c)Whenithasbeendeliveredintothecustodyoftherailwayincaseofshipmentbyrailway.
17、Quality/QuantityDiscrepancy
Incaseofqualitydiscrepancy,claimsshallbefiledbytheBuyerwithin90daysafterthearrivalofthecommodityattheportofdestination,whileforquantitydiscrepancy,claimsshallbefiledbytheBuyerwithin15daysafterthearrivalofthecommodityattheportofdestination.Otherwisenoclaimswillbeaccepted.It
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