备考高考高考英语 阅读理解试题含答案.docx
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备考高考高考英语 阅读理解试题含答案.docx
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备考高考高考英语阅读理解试题含答案
【备考高考】高考英语阅读理解试题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Attitudestowardnewtechnologiesoftenfallalonggenerationallines.Thatis,generally,youngerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalchange.Itisnotalwaysthecase,though.Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars,theredoesn'tseemtobeacleargenerationaldivide.Thepublicoverallissplitonwhetherthey'dliketouseadriverlesscar.Inastudylastyear,ofallpeoplesurveyed,48percentsaidtheywantedtorideinone,while50percentdidnot.
Thefactthatattitudestowardself-drivingcarsappeartobesosteadyacrossgenerationssuggestshowtransformativethechangetodriverlesscarscouldbe.Noteveryonewantsadriverlesscarnow-andnoonecangetoneyet—butamongthosewhoareopentothem,everyagegroupissimilarlyinvolved.
Actually,thisisn'tsurprising.Whereasoldergenerationsaresometimesreluctanttoadoptnewtechnologies,driverlesscarspromiserealvaluetotheseagegroupsinparticular.Olderadults,especiallythosewithlimitedmobilityordifficultydrivingontheirownareoneoftheclassicuse-casesfordriverlesscars.
Thisisespeciallyinterestingwhenyouconsiderthatyoungerpeoplearegenerallymoreinterestedintravel-relatedtechnologiesthanolderones.
Whenitcomestodriverlesscars,differencesinattitudearemorepronouncedbasedonfactorsnotrelatedtoage.Collegegraduates,forexample,areparticularlyinterestedindriverlesscarscomparedwiththosewhohavelesseducation:
59percentofcollegegraduatessaidtheywouldliketouseadriverlesscarcomparedwith38percentofthosewithahigh-schooldiplomaorless.
Whereapersonlivesmatters,too.Morepeoplewholivedincitiesandsuburbssaidtheywantedtotrydriverlesscarsthanthosewholivedinruralareas.
Whilethere'sreasontobelievethatinterestinself-drivingcarsisgoingupacrosstheboard,aperson'sagewillhavelittletodowithhowself-drivingcarscanbecomemainstream.Oncedriverlesscarsareactuallyavailableforsale,theearlyadopterswillbethepeoplewhocanaffordtobuythem.
(1)Whathappenswhenanewtechnologyappears?
A.Itfartherwidensthegapbetweentheoldandtheyoung.
B.Itusuallydrawsdifferentreactionsfromdifferentagegroups.
C.Itoftenleadstoinnovationsinotherrelatedfields.
D.Itcontributesgreatlytotheadvanceofsocietyasawhole.
(2)Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthedriverlesscar?
A.Itwillnotnecessarilyreduceroadaccidents.
B.Ithasgivenrisetounrealisticexpectations.
C.Itdoesnotseemtocreateagenerationaldivide.
D.Itmaystartarevolutioninthecarindustry.
(3)Whydoesthedriverlesscarappealtosomeoldpeople?
A.Itaddstothesafetyoftheirtravel.
B.Itsavestheirenergy.
C.Itarousestheirinterestinlife.
D.Ithelpswiththeirmobility.
(4)Whatislikelytoaffectone'sattitudetowardthedriverlesscar?
A.Thelocationoftheirresidence.
B.Theamountoftrainingtheyreceived.
C.Thelengthoftheirdrivingexperience.
D.Thefieldoftheirspecialinterest.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了老年人和年轻人对无人驾驶汽车的态度上并没有表现出明显的代沟以及影响人们对无人驾驶汽车的态度的几个因素。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的"generally,youngerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalchange."可知,一般来说,在技术变革的前沿,年轻人往往比老年人多,由此可知,新技术的出现通常会引起不同年龄组的不同反应,故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的"generally,youngerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalchange.Itisnotalwaysthecase,though.Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars,theredoesn'tseemtobeacleargenerationaldivide."可知,一般来说,在技术变革的前沿,年轻人往往比老年人多,不过,情况并不总是这样,当你看到人们对无人驾驶汽车的态度时,似乎并没有明显的代沟,故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的"driverlesscarspromiserealvaluetotheseagegroupsinparticular.Olderadults,especiallythosewithlimitedmobilityordifficultydrivingontheirownareoneoftheclassicuse-casesfordriverlesscars."可知,无人驾驶汽车尤其能为老年人带来真正的价值,老年人,特别是那些行动不便或独自驾驶困难的人,是无人驾驶汽车的典型使用案例之一,由此可知,无人驾驶汽车对一些老年人有吸引力是因为它有助于他们的行动,故选D。
(4)考查细节理解。
根据倒数第二段中的"Whereapersonlivesmatters,too.Morepeoplewholivedincitiesandsuburbssaidtheywantedtotrydriverlesscarsthanthosewholivedinruralareas."可知,一个人居住的地方也会影响他对无人驾驶汽车的态度,住在城市和郊区的人比住在农村的人更愿意尝试无人驾驶汽车,故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
DanceClasses
Ballet
Balletteachesgrace,posture(姿势)andflexibility.Studentsfocusontheuseofproperballetitems(物品),expandingtheirknowledgeofclassicalballettechniquesandimprovingmotorskillsforclassicalballetpractice.Theclassisaformalballetclass.
Age8-10
September7,2019-May16,2020
10:
30am-12:
00amonSaturday
CreativeMovers
Studentscanexplorecreativemovement,balance,focus,thedevelopmentofskills,motorplanningandbalance.Theclasshelpsbuildstrength,flexibilityandself-confidence,andallowschildrentorealizeexpressioninapositiveandencouragingenvironment. Childrenusetheirimaginationtocelebratemovementandhavelotsoffun.
Age3-5
September7,2019-January18,2020
9:
00am-9:
45amonSaturday
Jazz
Jazzincludesmovementsfrombothclassicalballetanddancetechniques.Thisclasswillfocusontraditionaljazzdance.Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.Inordertoensureproperplacementforyourchild,weinviteallstudentstoparticipateinasample(示例)class.Studentsandparentsworkwithprogramstafftomeetstudents'personaldancegoals.
Age5-6
September7,2019-May16,2020
2:
00pm-3:
00pmonSaturday
HipHop
Studentswillbeintroducedtoseveraldifferentaspectsofhiphopdanceincludingpopping,locking,breakingandtottinginahigh-energyenvironment.Ourhiphopinstructorsarehighlyknowledgeableandwillprovidestudentswithawonderfulviewofhiphopdance.
Age7-10
September7,2019-May16,2020
1:
00pm-2:
00pmonSunday
(1)Whichclassissuitablefor4-year-oldchildren?
A. Ballet.
B. CreativeMovers.
C. HipHop.
D. Jazz.
(2)Whatcanstudentsdointhejazzclass?
A. Makeuseofalltheballetitems.
B. Learnthelonghistoryofjazz.
C. Dancewithfamousmodernjazzdancers.
D. Gettoknowjazz-stylemovements.
(3)Whatisspecialaboutthehiphopclass?
A. Itisopenintheafternoon. B. ItisavailableonSunday.
C. Itteachestraditionaldances.
D. Ithasthemostskilledteachers.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)D
(3)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了几门舞蹈课。
这些课程适合不同年龄段的孩子。
孩子们可以根据自己的喜好选择自己喜欢的课程。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据CreativeMovers部分中的”Age3-5“可知,CreativeMovers这门课适合四岁的孩子。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据Jazz部分中的”Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.“可知,学生们在Jazz课中可以了解爵士风格的舞蹈动作。
故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据文中”Ballet(10:
30am-12:
00amonSaturday);CreativeMovers(9:
00am-9:
45amonSaturday)“;”Jazz(2:
00pm-3:
00pmonSaturday)“;”HipPop(1:
00pm-2:
00pmonSunday)“可知其他三门舞蹈课都是在星期六上课,而HipHop课是在星期天上课,这就是它独特的地方。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,要求考生准确捕捉细节信息,并结合题目要求,从而选出正确答案。
3.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
"Thehistoryoftheworldisbutthebiography(传记)ofgreatmen,"arguedThomasCarlyle,theadvocateofwhathascometobeknownasthe"GreatManTheoryofHistory."Thistheorysuggeststhatthebroadermovementsandoutlineofhistoryallgobacktotheleadershipofgreatindividualswhohaduniqueinfluenceontheirtimes.WhetherornotCarlyle'stheoryprovestrueisdebatable,butthatcertainindividualscastlongshadowsisnot.
Asonewhoisentrustedwithaleadershipposition,Ifinditprofitabletoreadofotherswhohaveled.Whereveryoufindme,you'lllikelyfindagoodbiographynearby.Whyisthisthecase?
First,Ifindgoodbiographiesfascinating.I'lloccasionallyreadanovel,butI'veneverbeenoverlydrawntofiction.IhavefoundmyselfunabletosleepwhileinthestruggleoftheBattleofBritaininWilliamManchester'sTheLastLion.Forme,nottoreadbiographieswouldrobmeofpleasureinmylife.
Second,Ifindgoodbiographiesinformative.Agoodbiographertellsnotonlythestoryofaperson,butalsooftheirtimes.Readingagoodbiographyislikewanderingthroughanintellectualshoppingmall.Thefirststoreiswhatdrewyouthere,butyouwillbepleasantlysurprisedalongthewayatwhatotheritemsgrabyourattention.You'llfindnobetteraccountoftheBritishEmpireatitspeakthantheopeningchaptersofManchester'sVisionsofGlory,volumeoneofhisTheLastLion.Strictlyspeaking,abiographyisbutasliceofhistory.
Third,Ifindgoodbiographiesrelaxing.WinstonChurchilloncenotedamanwhoworkswithhishandsshouldhaveahobbythatengageshismind,andamanwhoworkswithhismindshouldhaveahobbythatengageshishands.AnotherwaytoapplyChurchill'ssayingistocombinetechnical,pen-in-handvocationalreadingwithleisurelybiographicalreading.Indeed,fewthingsaremorerelaxingtomethanwindingdowntheeveningandenteringintoanotherworld.
ThisiswhyIlovereadinggoodbiographies,andwhyIpitythepersonwhoneglectsthem.Don'tbecountedamongtheirnumber.
(1)Whatisimpliedinthefirstparagraph?
A. TheauthorfindsCarlyle'stheoryundebatable.
B. Carlylebelievesgreatmenalonecannotcreatehistory.
C. Itisdebatablewhetheroneshouldreadgreatmen'sbiographies.
D. Theauthoragreesthathistoryisgreatlyinfluencedbycertainmen.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"otheritems"inthethirdparagraphr
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