公共英语三级阅读题及.docx
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公共英语三级阅读题及.docx
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公共英语三级阅读题及
StudentsofUnitedStateshistory,seekingtoidentifythecircumstancesthat
encouragedtheemergenceoffeministmovements,havethoroughlyinvestigatedthe
mid-nineteenth-centuryAmericaneconomicandsocialconditionthataffectedthe
status
of
women.Thesehistorians,
however,
haveanalyzed
lessfully
the
development
of
specifically
feminist
ideas
andactivities
during
the
sameperiod.
Furthermore,
the
ideological
origins
of
feminism
in
the
United
State
havebeenobscured
because,
evenwhenhistoriansdidtakeintoaccountthosefeministideasandactivities
occurring
within
the
United
States,
theyfailed
torecognize
that
feminism
wasthen
atrulyinternationalmovementactuallycenteredinEurope.Americanfeminist
activists
whohavebeendescribed
as“solitary
〞and“individual
theorists
〞were
inrealityconnectedtoamovement
—utopiansocialism
—whichwasalready
popularizing
feminist
ideas
in
Europeduring
thetwodecades
that
culminated
in
the
firstwomen’srightsconferenceheldatSenecaFalls,
NewYork,in1848.Thus,a
completeunderstandingoftheoriginsanddevelopmentofnineteenth-century
feminismintheUnitedStatesrequiresthatthegeographicalfocusbewidenedto
includeEuropeandthatthedetailedstudyalreadymadeofsocialconditionsbe
expandedtoincludetheideologicaldevelopmentoffeminism.
Theearliest
andmostpopular
of
theutopian
socialists
weretheSaint-Simonians.
Thespecifically
feminist
part
of
Saint-Simonianism
has,
however,beenless
studied
thanthegroup’scontribution
toearly
socialism.
This
is
regrettable
ontwocounts.
By1832feminism
wasthe
central
concernof
Saint-Simonianism
andentirely
absorbed
itsadherents’energy;hence,byignoringitsfeminism,Europeanhistorianshave
misunderstood
Saint-Simonianism.
Moreover,
since
manyfeminist
ideas
canbetraced
to
saint-
simonianism
European
historians
’appreciation
oflater
feminism
in
France
andtheUnitedStatesremainedlimited.
Saint-Simon’sfollowers,manyofwhomwerewomen,basedtheirfeminismo
nan
interpretation
ofhis
project
to
reorganize
the
globe
byreplacing
brute
force
with
the
rule
ofspiritual
powers.Thenewworld
order
would
beruled
together
byamale,
to
represent
reflection,
andafemale,
torepresent
sentiment.
This
complementarity
reflectsthefactthat,whiletheSaint-Simoniansdidnotrejectthebeliefthat
therewereinnatedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen,theyneverthelessforesawan
equallyimportantsocialandpoliticalroleforbothsexesintheirutopia.
OnlyafewSaint-Simoniansopposedadefinitionofsexualequalitybasedon
gender
distinction.
This
minority
believe
that
individuals
ofboth
sexes
wereborn
similarincapacityandcharacter,andtheyascribedmale-femaledifferencestosocializationandeducation.Theenvisionedresultofbothcurrentsofthought,however,wasthatwomenwouldenterpubliclifeinthenewageandthatsexualequalitywouldrewardmenaswellaswomenwithanimprovedwayoflife.
1.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorconsiderthosehistorianswhodescribe
earlyfeministsintheUnitedStatesas“solitary〞tobe
[A]insufficientlyfamiliarwiththeinternationaloriginsof
nineteenth-centuryAmericanfeministthought.
[B]overlyconcernedwiththeregionaldiversityoffeministideasintheperiod
before1848.
[C]notfocusednarrowlyenoughintheirgeographicalscope.
[D]insufficientlyawareoftheideologicalconsequencesoftheSenecaFallsconference.
2.Theauthor’sattitudetowardEuropeanhistorianswhohavestudiedthe
Saint-Simoniansisprimarilyoneof
[A]approvalofthespecificfocusoftheirresearch.
[B]disapprovaloftheirlackofattentiontotheissuethatabsorbedmostoftheSaint-Simonians’energyafter1832.
[C]approvaloftheirgeneralfocusonsocialconditions.
[D]disapprovaloftheirlackofattentiontolinksbetweentheSaint-Simonians
andtheirAmericancounterparts.
3.TheauthormentionsallofthefollowingascharacteristicoftheSaint-SimoniansEXCEPT
[A]Thegroupincludedmanywomenamongitsmembers.
[B]Thegroupbelievedinaworldthatwouldbecharacterizedbysexualequality.
[C]ThegroupwasamongtheearliestEuropeansocialistgroups.
[D]Mostmembersbelievedthatwomenandmenwereinherentlysimilarinability
andcharacter.
4.ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheSaint-Simoniansenvisionedautopian
societyhavingwhichofthefollowingcharacteristics?
[A]Itwouldbeworldwide.
[B]Itwouldemphasizedogmaticreligiousprinciples.
[C]ItwouldmostinfluencetheUnitedStates.
[D]Itwouldhavearmiescomposedofwomenratherthanofmen.
5.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostaccuratedescriptionofthesocietyenvisionedbymostSaint-Simonians?
[A]Asocietyinwhichwomenwerehighlyregardedfortheirextensiveeducation.
[B]Asocietyinwhichthetwogendersplayedcomplementaryrolesandhadequal
status.
[C]Asocietyinwhichwomendidnotenterpubliclife.
[D]Asocialorderinwhichabodyofmenandwomenwouldruletogetheronthe
basisoftheirspiritualpower.
1.【答案】A
【考点剖析】此题是一道标点符号题。
经过此题题干中的“solitary〞一词可将此题的
答案信息中心确定在第一段第十行即第一段第四句话,经过仔细阅读和理解本句话以及本句
前后的两句话,可以得出此题的正确选项A。
其实美国的女权主义运动者其实不“孤
单〞(solitary),因为她们的思想和行动是和欧洲大陆的女权主义者有着千丝万缕的联系,
是国际女权运动的一局部。
考生在解题时要善于理解标点符号,更要善于对原文的细节进行
推导。
2.【答案】
B
【考点剖析】此题是一道细节推导题。
依照此题题干中的“Europeanhistorians
将此题的答案信息本源迅速确定在第二段第四句,经过阅读本句分号前后的内容,
〞可
可以推导
出作者的态度可否认的,
其否认原因是第二段第四句分号前半局部所表达的内容。
此题的正
确答案应该是B。
考生在解题时必然要注意原文细节的推导,特别是分句之间存在因果关系
的时候。
3.【答案】D
【考点剖析】这是一道归纳推导题。
但是此题的题干确没有明确给出此题在原文中的准
确信息本源。
这时考生就会迷失答题思路。
请同学们必然要记住:
每当自己迷失答题思路时,
必然要多想一想全文的中心主旨句和每段的主题句,这会帮助考生搜寻到解题的思路。
此题
的正确答案应该是D,因为选项D所表达的内容和本文尾段第一、二句所表达的内容相反。
选项A、B、C的内容分别在第三段第一句、第三段第二句以及第二段首句涉及。
考生在解题
时必然要牢记段落主题句。
4.【答案】A
【考点剖析】这是一道审题定位题。
今后题题干中的“envisioned〞(设想,料想)一词
可将此题的答案信息本源迅速确定在倒数第二段第一句和第二句,因为倒数第二段第一句含
有“project
〞(方案,规划)一词,倒数第二段第二句含有表示未来的“
would〞一词。
经过
仔细阅读倒数第二段的第一、
二句话,发现这两句话都包含“
globe〞或“world〞,
可见本
题的正确选项应该是
A。
考生在解题时必然要善于利用题干中的词语迅速而正确地进行审题
定位。
5.【答案】B
【考点剖析】这是一道反推题。
经过此题题干中的“mostSaint-Simonians〞可将此题
的答案信息本源迅速确定在尾段的第一句。
依照尾段第一句进行反推即逆向思想,可得出本
题的正确答案是B。
考生在解题时必然要时时牢记反推题型,而且经常利用自己的逆向思想
能力
Certainanimalshaveanintuitiveawarenessofquantities.Theyknow
without
analysis
thedifference
betweenanumberof
objects
andsasmaller
number.
InhisbookTheNaturalHistoryofSelbourne(1786),thenaturalistGilbertWhite
tellshowhesurreptitiouslyremovedoneeggadaytomakeupplover
’snest,and
howthemotherlaidanothereggeachdaytomakeupforthemissingone.Henoted
thatotherspeciesofbirdsignoretheabsenceofasingleeggbutabandontheir
nestifmorethanoneegghasbeenremoved.Ithasalsobeennotedbynaturalist
that
acertain
typeofwaspalwaysprovides
five-never
four,
never
six-caterpillars
for
eachoftheir
eggssothat
their
younghavesomethingto
eat
whentheeggshatch.
Researchhasalsoshownthatbothmiceandpigeonscanbetaughttodistinguish
betweenoddandevennumbersoffoodpieces.
Theseandsimilaraccountshaveledsomepeopletoinferthatcreaturesother
thanhumancanactuallycount.Theyalsopointtodogsthathavebeentaughtto
respondtonumerical
questions
with
thecorrect
numberofbarks,
orto
horsesthat
seemtosolvearithmeticproblembystompingtheirhoovesnumberoftimes.
Animalsrespondtoquantitiesonlywhentheyareconnectedtosurviveasa
species-as
in
the
caseoftheeggs-or
survive
asindividuals
-as
in
the
caseoffood.
Thereisontransfertoothersituationsorfromconcreterealitytotheabstract
notion
of
numbers.Animals
can“count〞only
whentheobjects
are
present
andonly
whenthenumbersinvolved
are
small-nomorethansevenoreight.
In
lab
experiments,
animalstrainedtocountonekindofobjectwereunabletocountanyothertype.
Theobjects,notthenumbers,arewhatinterestthem.Animal
’sa
dmittedly
remarkableachievementssimplydonotamounttoevidenceofcounting,nordothey
revealmorethaninnateinstinct,refinedbythegenesofsuccessivegenerations,ortheresultsofclever,carefulconditioningbytrainers.
1.
Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Carefultrainingisrequiredtoteachanimalstoperformtricksinvolving
numbers
B.Animascannotcountmorethanonekindofobject
C.ofallanimals,dogsandhorsescancountbest
D.Althoughsomeanimalsmaybeawareofquantities,theycannotactuallycount2.
TheauthorreferstoGilbert’sbookinparagraph1inorderto___.
A.showhowattitudeshavechangedsince1786
B.Contradicttheideathatanimalscancount.
C.provideevidencethatsomebirdsareawareofquantities.
D.Indicatethatmoreresearchisneededinthisfield.
3.
Theword“surreptitiously〞inline4isclosestinmeaningto___.
A.quickly
B.secretly
C.occasionally
D.stubbornly
4.
Theauthormentionsthatallofthefollowingareawareofquantitiesinsome
wayEXCEpT___.
A.plovers
B.mice
C.caterpillars
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