中国名校英语四级密卷1.docx
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中国名校英语四级密卷1.docx
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中国名校英语四级密卷1
中国名校英语四级密卷
(1)
PartⅡ
ReadingComprehension(35minutes)
Directions:
Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
PassageOne
Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Antarcticahasactuallybecomeakindofspacestation—auniqueobservationpostfordetectingimportantchangesintheworld’senvironment.S1Remotefrommajorsourcesofpollutionandthecomplexgeologicalandecologicalsystemsthatprevailelsewhere,Antarcticamakespossiblescientificmeasurementsthatareoftensharperandeasiertointerpretthanthosemadeinotherpartsoftheworld.
GrowingnumbersofscientiststhereforeseeAntarcticaasadistantearlywarningsensor,wherepotentiallydangerousglobaltrendsmaybespottedbeforetheyshowuptothenorth.Onepromisingfieldofinvestigationisglaciology.ScholarsfromtheUnitedStates,Switzerland,andFrancearepursuingsevenseparatebutrelatedprojectsthatreflecttheirconcernforthehealthoftheWestAntarcticIceSheet—aconcerntheybelievetheworldatlargeshouldshare.
TheTransantarcticMountain,someofthemmorethan14,000feethigh,dividethecontinentintotwoverydifferentregions.Thepartofthecontinenttothe“east”ofthemountainsisahighplateaucoveredbyanicesheetnearlytwomilesthick.“West”ofthemountain,thehalfofthecontinentsouthoftheAmericasisalsocoveredbyanicesheet,buttheretheicerestsonrockthatismostlywellbelowsealevel.IftheWestAntarcticIceSheetdisappeared,thewesternpartofthecontinentwouldbereducedtoasparseclusterofisland.
Whileiceandsnowareobviouslycentraltomanyenvironmentalexperiments,othersfocusonthemysterious“dryvalley”ofAntarctica,valleysthatcontainlittleiceorsnoweveninthedepthsofwinter.SlashedthroughthemountainsofsouthernVictorialand,thesevalleysonceheldenormousglaciersthatdescend9,000feetfromthepolarplateautotheRossSea.Nowtheglaciersaregone,perhapsacasualtyoftheglobalwarmingtrendduringthe10,000yearssincetheiceage.Eventhesnowthatfallsinthedryvalleysisblastedoutbyviciouswindsthatroardownfromthepolarplateautothesea.Leftbarearespectaculargorges,rippledfieldsofsanddunes,clustersofboulders(大圆石)sculpturedintofantasticshapesby100mileanhourwinds,andanauraofextraterrestrialdesolation.
Despitetheunearthlyaspectofthedryvalleys,somescientistsbelievethattheymaycarryamessageofhopefortheverdant(草木繁茂的)partsoftheearth.Somescientistsbelievethatinsomecasesthedryvalleysmaysoakuppollutants
fasterthanpollutantsenterthem.
21.Antarcticaisscientificallyimportantinthat____.
A)itisaspacestation
B)itisanidealplacefortheinvestigationofglaciology
C)thereisthemysteriousdryvalley
D)itcanhelppeopledetectglobalenvironmentalchanges
22.Thereasonforthedisappearanceofglaciersinthedryvalleyis____.
A)thatthey’vedesendedtotheRosssea
B)thatthey’vebeenblastedoutbyviciouswinds
C)theglobalwarmingtrendeversincetheiceage
D)thatthey’vebeenchangedintogorges,sanddunesandboulders
23.WhentheauthorcallsAntarctica“distantearlywarningsensor”,he
actuallymeansthat____.
A)suchequipmenthasbeensetupforscientificpurpose
B)theresearchgroupstherearelikesuchkindofsensors
C)potentialglobalchangescanbeseenonAntarcticafirst
D)Antarcticaisremotefromotherpartsoftheearth
24.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothearticle?
A)ThereisaclusterofislandwestoftheTransantarticMountain.
B)ScientificresearchonAntarcticaonlycentersontheiceandsnowthere.
C)Dryvalleysmaybeaplacetodisposeofourpollutants.
D)AllthecountriesonearthshouldbeconcernedaboutthehealthoftheWestAntarcticIceSheet.
25.Theword“spotted”(2ndparagraph)canbestbereplacedby____.
A)placed
B)noticed
C)fixed
D)judged
PassageTwo
Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
TheCarnegieFoundationreportsaysthatmanycollegeshavetriedtobe“allthingstoallpeople”.Indoingso,theyhaveincreasinglycateredtoanarrowmindedcareerismwhilefailingtocultivateaglobalvisionamongtheirstudents.
Thecurrentcrisis,itcontends,doesnotderivefromalegitimatedesiretoputlearningtoproductiveends.Theproblemisthatintoomanyacademicfields,
theworkhasnocontext;skills,ratherthanbeingmeans,havebecomeends.Studentsareofferedavarietyofoptionsandallowedtopicktheirwaytoad
egree.Inshort,drivenbycareerism,“thenation’scollegesanduniversit
iesaremoresuccessfulinprovidingcredentials(文凭)thaninprovidingaqualityeducationfortheirstudents.”Thereportconcludesthatthespecialchallengeconfrontingtheundergraduatecollegeisoneofshapingan“integratedcore”ofcommonlearning.Suchacorewouldintroducestudents“toessentialknowledge,toconnectionsacrossthedisciplines,andintheend,toapplicationofknowledgetolifebeyondthecampus.”
Althoughthekeytoagoodcollegeisahighqualityfaculty,theCarnegiestudyfoundthatmostcollegesdoverylittletoencouragegoodteaching.Infact,theydomuchtoundermineit.Asoneprofessorobserved:
“Teachingisimportant,wearetold,andyetfacultyknowthatresearchandpublicationmattermost.”Notsurprisingly,overthelasttwentyyearscollegesanduniversitieshavefailedtograduatehalfoftheirfouryeardegreecandidates.Facultymemberswhodedicatethemselvestoteachingsoondiscoverthattheywillnotbegrantedtenure
(终身任期),promotion,orsubstantialsalaryincreases.Yet70percentofallfacultysaytheirinterestsliemoreinteachingthaninresearch.Additionally,afrequentcomplaintamongyoungscholarsisthat“Thereispressuretopublish,althoughthereisvirtuallynointerestamongadministratorsorcolleaguesinthecontentofthepublications.”
26.Whenacollegetriestobe“allthingstoallpeople”(lines2,Para.Ⅰ),itaimsto____.
A)satisfytheneedsofallkindsofstudentssimultaneously
B)focusontrainingstudentsinvariousskills
C)encourageallsortsofpeopletoattendcollege
D)makelearningserveacademicratherthanproductiveends
27.Theword“core”(lines15,1stparagraph)mightmean____.
A)aim
B)unit
C)center
D)course
28.OneofthereasonsforthecurrentcrisisinAmericancollegesanduniversitiesisthat____.
A)anarrowvocationalismhascometodominatemanycolleges
B)studentsdon’thaveenoughfreedominchoosingwhattheywanttolearn
C)skillsarebeingtaughtasameanstoanend
D)studentsarenotinterestedinlearning
29.Americancollegesanduniversitiesfailedtograduatehalfoftheirfour
yeardegreecandidatesbecause____.
A)mostofthemlackhighqualityfaculites
B)studentsarebecomingmoreandmorelazy
C)therearenotenoughincentivesforstudentstostudyhard
D)theyattachgreaterimportancetoresearchandpublicationthantoteaching
30.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethathighqualitycollegeeducation
callsfor____.
A)highqualityfaculties
B)acommitmenttostudentsandeffectiveteaching
C)thecultivationofstudents’interestinlearning
D)dedicationtoresearchinfrontierareasofknowledge
PassageThree
Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
TheU.S.birthratebegantodeclineinthemiddle1950’s,resultinginasmaller
collegeagepopulationstartinginthemiddle1970’s.S4Somethingelsehappenedinthe1970’s:
thepriceofoilincreasedtremendously,drivingupthepriceofalmosteverythingandmakingAmericansawarethattheirlargeautomobilesusedalotofgasoline.Atthesametime,foreigncarmanufacturershadbeg
untoproducesmallfuelefficientcarsinlargequantitiesfortheexportmarket.Suddenly,thelarge,gasguzzlingAmericancarswerenolongerattractivetoAmericanbuyers,whobeganbuyingforeigncarsbythethousands.TheAmericanautomobileindustrywentintoarecession.Thousandsofautomotiveworkerswerelaidoff,aswerethousandsofpeopleinindustriesindirectlyconnectedwiththeautoindustry.Peoplewhoarelaidofftendtokeepwhatmoneytheyhavefornecessities,likefoodandhousing.Theydonothavetheextramoneyneededtosendtheirchildrentocollege.Theirchildrencannotpaytheirowncollegecosts,becauseduringarecessiontheycannotfindjobs.Highunemploymentmeansthatmorestatefundsmustbeusedforsocialservice—unemploymentbenefitsandtoaiddependentchildren,forexample—thanduringmoreprosperoustimes.Italsomeans,thatthestateshavefewerfundsthanusual,becausepeoplearepayingfewertaxes.Institutionsofhighereducationdependontwomajorsourcesofincometokeepthemfunctioning:
tuitionfromstudentsandfundsfromthestates.Atthepresenttime,therearefewerstudentsthaninthepastandfewerstatefundsavailableforhighereducation.Thecollegesanduniversitiesareintrouble.
31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A)Therisingofoilpricedroveupthepriceofeverything.
B)Thereweremanyreasonswhyhighereducationwasintroubleinthe1970’s.
C)BirthratebegantodeclineintheUSAin1950’s.
D)Highunemploymentcausedalotofsocialproblems.
32.Thephrase“laidoff”canbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?
A)Poor.
B)Gotridof.
C)Removed.
D)Unemployed.
33.Americancarswerenotpopularintheird
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