异步电动机矢量控制系统设计及仿真英文文献及翻译.docx
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异步电动机矢量控制系统设计及仿真英文文献及翻译.docx
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异步电动机矢量控制系统设计及仿真英文文献及翻译
异步电动机矢量控制调速系统英语文献翻译
TheDesignoftheVectorControlSystemofAsynchronousmotor
Abstract:
Amongvariousmodesoftheasynchronousmotorspeedcontrolhastheadvantagesoffastresponse,stability,transmissionofhigh-performanceandwidespeedrange,Fortheneedoftheasynchronousmotorspeedcontrol,thedesignuses89C196asthecontroller,andintroducesthedesignsofhardwareandsoftwareindetails.Thedesigniscompletedeffectivelywithgoodperformancesimplestructureandgoodprospectsofdevelopment.
Keywords:
Asynchronousmotor,89C196,Vectorcontrol
1.Introduction
ACasynchronousmotorisahigherorder,multi-variable,non-linear,andstrongcouplingobject,usingtheconceptofparametersreconstructionandstatereconstructionofmoderncontroltheorytoachievedecouplingbetweentheexcitationcomponentofACmotorcurrentandtorquecomponent,andthecontrolprocessofACmotorisequivalenttothecontrolprocessofDCmotor.thedynamicperformanceofACspeedregulationsystemobtainingnotableimprovement,thusmakesDCspeedreplacingACspeedpossiblefinally.ThecurrentgovernorofthehigherproductionprocesshasbeenmoreuseofFrequencyControldeviceswithvector-control.
2.VectorControl
Withthecriterionofproducingconsistentrotatingmagnetomotiveforce,thestatorACcurrent
by3S/2Sconversioninthethree-phasecoordinatesystem,canbeequivalenttoACcurrent
.intwo-phasestaticcoordinatesystem.throughvectorrotationtransformationofthere-orientationoftherotormagneticfield,EquivalenttoasynchronousrotationcoordinationoftheDCcurrent
.Whenobserversatcorecoordinateswiththerotationtogether,ACmachinebecomesDCmachine.Ofthese,theACinductionmotorrotortotalflux
,ithasbecometheequivalentoftheDCmotormotorflux,windings
equivalenttotheexcitationwindingofDCmotor,
equivalenttotheexcitationcurrent,windings
equivalenttofalsestaticwindings,
equivalenttothearmaturecurrentproportionaltotorque.Afterthetransformationabove,ACasynchronousmotorhasbeenequivalenttoDCmotor.Asaresultofcoordinatetransformationofthecurrent(onbehalfofmagneticmomentum)spacevector,thus,thiscontrolsystemachievedthroughcoordinatetransformationcalledthevectorcontrolsystem,referredtoVCsystem.Accordingtothisidea,couldconstitudethevectorcontrolsystemthatcancontrol
and
directly,asshowinFigure1.InthefigureagivenandfeedbacksignalthroughthecontrollersimilartothecontrollerthatDCspeedcontrolsystemhasused,producinggivensignal
oftheexcitationcurrentandgivensignal
ofthearmaturecurrent,aftertheanti-rotationtransform
obtaining
and
obtains
by3S/2Sconversion.Addingthethreesignalscontrolledbycurrentandfrequencysignal
obtainedbycontrollertotheinvertercontrolledbycurrentandfrequencyconversioncurrentthatasynchronousmotorneedsforspeed.
3.TheContentandThoughtoftheDesign
Thissystemuses80C196ascontroller,consistsofdetectionunitofstatorthree-phasecurrentunitofkeyboardinput,LCDdisplaymodules,givenunitofsimulationspeeddetectionunitofstatorthree-phasevoltage,feedbackunitofspeedandoutputofcontrolsignals.SystemblockdiagramshowinFigure2,thesystemapplies16bitsMCU80C196ascontrolcore,withsomehardwareanalogcircuitscomposingthevectorcontrolsystemofasynchronousmotor.Ontheonehand,80C196throughtheA/Dmoduleof80C196,speedgunandthegivenspeedfeedbacksignalshasbeenobtained,obtaininggiventorqueofsaturatedlimitingthroughspeedregulator,toobtainthegiventorquecurrent;Useagivenfunctiongeneratortoobtaingivenrotorflux,throughobservationobtainingrealflux,throughfluxregulationobtaininggivenexcitationcurrentofgivenstatorcurrent,thentheexcitationcurrentandthetorquecurrentsynthesisthroughtheK/Ptransformation,obtainingamplitudeandphasestatorcurrent,afteramplitudeofstatorcurrentcomparedtothetestingcurrent,controlthesizeofstatorcurrentthroughcurrentregulator;ontheotherhand,thestatorcurrentfrequencyiscalculatedbythesimultaneousconversationrateforthetimeconstantofthecontrolinverter,regularlywithtimer,throughPI,submittingtriggerwordtocompletethetriggeroftheinverter.
4.TheDesignofHardwareandSoftware
ThehardwarecircuitsofsystemmainlyconsistsofAC-DC-ACcurrentinvertercircuit,SCRtriggerinvertercircuit,rectifierSCRtriggercircuit,thespeedgivenwiththegunfeedbackcircuit,currentcentralregulationcircuit,protectioncircuitandothertypicalcircuits.Thedesignofsoftwareincludes;speedregulatorcontrolandfluxdetectionandregulation
4.1AC-DC-ACCurrentConverterCircuit
ThemaincircuitusesAC-DC-ACCurrentConverterinthesystemasshowninFigure3,andmainfeaturescanbeknownasfollows:
1)Maincircuitwithsimplestructureandfewercomponents.Forthefour-quadrantoperation,whenthebrakeofpowerhappens,thecurrentdirectionofthemaincircuitkeepsthesame,justchangingthepolarityofthevoltage,rectifierworkinginthestateofinverter,inverterworkinginthestateofrectifier.Theinvertercanbeeasilyentered,regenerativebraking,fastdynamicresponse.Thevoltageinverterhastoconnecttoagroupofinvertersinordertoregerativebraking,bringingtheelectricenergybacktopowergrids.
2)Sincethemiddleusingareactor,currentlimit,isconstantcurrentsource.CoupledwithcurrentLoopconditioning,currentlimit,soitcantolerateinstantaneousloadshort-circuit,automaticprotection,therebyenhancingtheprotectionofovercurrentandoperationalreliability.
3)Thecurrentinvertercanconverterwithforceandtheoutputcurrentinstantaneousvalueiscontrolledbycurrentinverter,meetingthevectorcontrolrequirementsofACmotors.ConvertercapacitorcharginganddischargingcurrentsfromtheDCcircuitfilterbythesuppressionreactor,unlikeagreaterinrushcurrentinvoltageinverter,thecapacitor’sutilizationisofhighlevel.
4)Currentinverterandtheloadmotorformawhole,andtheenergystorageofthemotorwindingsisalsoinvolvedintheconverter,andlessdependentonthevoltageinverter,soithasacertainloadcapacity.
4.2InverterSCRtriggerdrivecircuit
TheInverterSCRtriggerdrivecircuitasshowninFigure4.InvertertriggersignaliscontrolledbyPIof80C196,slipsignaloutputtingthroughPIviaPWMregulationintheSCMthroughthephotoelectricisolationtoenlarge,tocontrolthetriggeroftheinverter.ThesystemusesP1.6ascontrolandusesP1.0-P1.5tocontrolsixSCRinvertersseparately,sothetriggercircuitsiscomposedbysixcircuitsabove.
TheprinciplesofdrivecircuitofSCRtriggerinverterareasfollows:
whenthePWMfromPIishighsignalafterandgate,photoelectricisolationisnoton,compositepipeinastateofon-saturated,theleftsideofthetransformerformingcircuit,andthatthepowerofthesignalamplifies(currentenlarges);whenthePWMfromPIislowsignalafterandgate,photoelectricisolationison,compositepipeinastateofcut-off,andtheleftsideofthetransformercannotformcircuit;thus,compositepipeequivalenttoaswitch,anditsfrequencyofthePWM,sotheleftsideofthetransformerformACsignals,totriggerSCRinverteraftertransformerdecompression,half-waverectifierandfilter.
4.3CurrentLoopconditioningcircuits
Afterthevectorcalculation,outputtinggivencurrentthroughD/Amodule,testingfeedbackcurrentbythecurrenttestingcircuit,sendingthemtothesimulatorofthePIregulatortoregulate,caneliminatestaticdifferenceandimprovethespeedofregulation.Theoutputoftheanalogdevicescanberegardedasthephase-shiftingcontrolsignalsoftherectifiertrigger.CurrentLoopconditioningcircuitsasshowninFigure5.
4.4Thecontrolofspeedregulator
Speedregulatorusesdual-modecontrol.SettingavalueTNofspeederror,whenthesystemismorethanthedeviation(morethan10percentoftheratedfrequency),asroughlocationofthestart,usingon-offcontrol,atthistime,speedregulatorisinthestateofamplitudelimit,equivalenttospeedloopbeingopen-loop,sothecurrentloopisinthestateofthemostconstantcurrentregulation.Thus,itcanplaytheoverloadabilityofsmalldeviation,thesystemusesPIlinearcontrolinsteadofon-offcontrol.Asaresult,absorbingthebenefitsofnon-linear,thesystemmeetsstabilityandaccuracy.ThespeedregulatorflowchartisasshowinFigure6.
4.5FluxRegulation
Slipfrequencyvectorcontrolsystemcanbeaffectedbythemotorparameters,sothattheactualfluxandthegivenfluxappearadeviation.Thissystemisofobservationandfeedbackintheamplitudeofthemagneticflux,regulatingfluxoftherotor,actualfluxwiththechangesofgivenflux.Fluxregulatorisalsothesameasthespeedregulator,usingPIregulator.Thediscreteformulais:
(1)
Plusaremindertoforecastforcorrection:
(2)
Intheformula,
isproportionalcoefficient,
isintegralcoefficient,
issamplingperiod,
istheactualoutputvalue
(3)
(4)
Whenitisinthestateoflowfrequency(f<5HZ),
cannotbeignored,thephasedifferencebetween
and
enlarges,andtheformula
nolongersetsup.ThroughtheApproximaterotorfluxobserverandtheformula
toobservethefluxamplitude,onlyopen-loopcontrolofflux,thatis,tocalculatefromagivenflux,andthatis
.Inaddition,inordertoavoiddisorders,ortooweakandtoostrongmagnetic,limitingtheoutput
inpreparationforthesoftware,makingitin
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