河北省邢台市高中英语Unit2TheUnitedKingdom单元检测卷新人教版必修5102.docx
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河北省邢台市高中英语Unit2TheUnitedKingdom单元检测卷新人教版必修5102.docx
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河北省邢台市高中英语Unit2TheUnitedKingdom单元检测卷新人教版必修5102
Unit2TheUnitedKingdom
一、阅读理解(共17小题;每小题2分,共34分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
ItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftballteamwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm,Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered(发抖)alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.Thetwodidn’tknoweachotherwell—Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.
Suddenly,Parisfelltotheground.“Paris’seyesrolledback,”Taylorsays.“Shestartedshaking.Iknewitwasanemergency.”
Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Pariswoulddie.Atfirst,noonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshoutedout,“DoesanyoneknowCPR?
”
CPRisalife-savingtechnique.TodoCPR,youpressonthesickperson’schestsothatbloodmovesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygenthebrainisdamagedquickly.
Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn’tthinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegandoingCPR.“Itwasscary.Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath,”saysTaylor.
Taylor’sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevices(器械)thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:
Paris’heartbeatreturned.
“IknowIwasreallylucky,”Parissaysnow.“Mostpeopledon’tsurvivethis.Myteamsavedmylife.”
ExpertssayParisisright:
Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.
Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantstobeanurse.“Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,”Taylorsays.“IknowIcanactunderpressureinascarysituation.”
1.WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?
A.Shecaughtabadcold.
B.Shehadasuddenheartproblem.
C.Shewasknockeddownbyaball.
D.Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice
2.WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?
A.Shemadeaworthyfriend.
B.Sherecoveredfromshock.
C.ShereceivedimmediateCPR.
D.Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.
3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?
A.Enthusiasticandkind.
B.Courageousandcalm.
C.Cooperativeandgenerous.
D.Ambitiousandprofessional.
B
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C
Thismonth,Germany’stransportminister,AlexanderDobrindt,proposedthefirstsetofrulesforautonomousvehicles(自主驾驶车辆).Theywoulddefinethedriver’sroleinsuchcarsandgovernhowsuchcarsperformincrasheswherelivesmightbelost.
Theproposalattemptstodealwithwhatsomecallthe“deathvalley”ofautonomousvehicles:
thegreyareabetweensemi-autonomousandfullydriverlesscarsthatcoulddelaythedriverlessfuture.
Dobrindtwantsthreethings:
thatacaralwayschoosesproperty(财产)damageoverpersonalinjury;thatitneverdistinguishesbetweenhumansbasedonageorrace;andthatifahumanremoveshisorherhandsfromthedrivingwheel—tocheckemail,say—thecar’smakerisresponsibleifthereisacrash.
“Thechangetotheroadtrafficlawwillpermitfullyautomaticdriving,”saysDobrindt.Itwillputfullydriverlesscarsonanequallegalfootingtohumandrivers,hesays.
Whoisresponsiblefortheoperationofsuchvehiclesisnotclearamongcarmakers,consumersandlawyers.“Theliability(法律责任)issueisthebiggestoneofthemall,”saysNatashaMeratattheUniversityofLeeds,UK.
AnassumptionbehindUKinsurancefordriverlesscars,introducedearlierthisyear,insiststhatahuman“bewatchfulandmonitoringtheroad”ateverymoment.
Butthatisnotwhatmanypeoplehaveinmindwhenthinkingofdriverlesscars.“Whenyousay‘driverlesscars’,peopleexpectdriverlesscars,”Meratsays.“Youknow—nodriver.”
Becauseoftheconfusion,Meratthinkssomecarmakerswillwaituntilvehiclescanbefullyautomatedwithouthumanoperation.
Driverlesscarsmayendupbeingaformofpublictransportratherthanvehiclesyouown,saysRyanCaloatStanfordUniversity,California.ThatishappeningintheUKandSingapore,wheregovernment-provideddriverlessvehiclesarebeinglaunched.
ThatwouldgodownpoorlyintheUS,however.“Theideathatthegovernmentwouldtakeoverdriverlesscarsandtreatthemasapublicgoodwouldgetabsolutelynowherehere,”saysCalo.
8.Whatdoesthephrase“deathvalley”inParagraph2referto?
A.Aplacewherecarsoftenbreakdown.
B.Acasewherepassingalawisimpossible.
C.Anareawherenodrivingispermitted.
D.Asituationwheredrivers’roleisnotclear.
9.TheproposalputforwardbyDobrindtaimsto__________.
A.stoppeoplefrombreakingtrafficrules
B.helppromotefullyautomaticdriving
C.protectdriversofallagesandraces
D.preventseriouspropertydamage
10.Whatdoconsumersthinkoftheoperationofdriverlesscars?
A.Itshouldgettheattentionofinsurancecompanies.
B.Itshouldbethemainconcernoflawmakers.
C.Itshouldnotcausedeadlytrafficaccidents.
D.Itshouldinvolvenohumanresponsibility.
11.Driverlessvehiclesinpublictransportseenobrightfuturein__________.
A.SingaporeB.theUK
C.theUSD.Germany
12.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.AutonomousDriving:
WhoseLiability?
B.FullyAutomaticCars:
ANewBreakthrough
C.AutonomousVehicles:
DriverRemoved!
D.DriverlessCars:
RootofRoadAccidents
D
Ireadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourliveswaiting.Butwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting,andwhatdoesitmeantoanimpatientsocietylikeours?
Tounderstandtheissue,let’stakealookatthreetypesof“waits”.
TheverypurestformofwaitingistheWatched-PotWait.Itiswithoutdoubtthemostannoyingofall.Takefillingupthekitchensink(洗碗池)asanexample.Thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit’sfull.Duringthesewaits,thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless.
AcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait.Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline.ProperlypreparingpackagednoodlesouprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareveryspecific.“Bringthreecupsofwatertoboil,addmix,simmerthreeminutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes.”Ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheproceduresstrictly.Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequirespatience.
PerhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingistheLucky-BreakWait.Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisforthemostpartvoluntary.UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.
Turningone’slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresfaithandhope,andisstrictlyfortheoptimistsamongus.Onthesurfaceitseemsasridiculousasfollowingthedirectionsonsoupmixes,buttheLucky-BreakWaitwellservesthosewhoarewillingtodoit.Aslongasonedoesn’tcometorelyonit,wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.
Wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting.Thenexttimeyou’restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhilecookingnoodlesoupthatyou’llhavetoeatuntilalargebagofcashfallsoutofthesky,don’tbedesperate.You’reprobablyjustasbusyasthenextguy.
13.WhiledoingaWatched-PotWait,wetendto___________.
A.keepourselvesbusyB.getabsent-minded
C.growanxiousD.stayfocused
14.WhatisthedifferencebetweentheForcedWaitandtheWatched-PotWait?
A.TheForcedWaitrequiressomeself-control.
B.TheForcedWaitmakespeoplepassive.
C.TheWatched-PotWaitneedsdirections.
D.TheWatched-PotWaitengagesbodyandbrain.
15.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLucky-BreakWait?
A.ItislessvoluntarythantheForcedWait.
B.Itdoesn’talwaysbringthedesiredresult.
C.ItismorefruitfulthantheForcedWait.
D.Itdoesn’tgivepeoplefaithandhop
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