届普陀中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案.docx
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届普陀中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案.docx
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届普陀中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2021届普陀中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
BestOnlineBachelor'sPrograms
Anonlinecollegedegreemayappealtothosewhowanttotakelasseswhileworkingfulltime.Choosingwheretosignuponlinewilllikelybechallenging,butbelowyou'llfindadviceandotherresourcestomakeyoursearcheasier.
•ArizonaStateUniversity
ASUreliesuponcutting-edgetechnologyandworld-classeducatorstoofferdegreeprogramsthatfitintoanylifestyle.Itscoursesemployadvancedtechnology,suchasourvirtuallabs,adaptivelearningandvirtualcommunity,toprovidereal-worldexperiencestopreparegraduatesfortheirchosenindustry.
ADMISSION:
15,321
TUITION:
S413
•UniversityofIllinois
UIisatop-ranked,diverseresearchinstitutionandanapprovedSARAinstitution.ForUTsdegreecompletionprograms,studentstransferwithanassociatedegreeor57-60credits.Alloftheonlineclassesarcrecordedsostudentscanaccesslecturematerialattheirconvenience.
ADMISSION:
385
TUITION:
S462
•UniversityofFlorida
UFOnlineisafully-onlinedegreepathwaygivingstudentsaccesstothesameteachersinUF.CoursesarcdesignedandtaughtbyUF'swell-knownteachers.Studentsfeelconnected,frequentlycommunicatingwithteachersandtheirfellowstudents.
ADMISSION:
3,340
TUITION:
$500
•OhioStateUniversity
ThecoursesofOSUonlinebachelor'sprogramsareallrelatedtohealthscience.Theonlineprogramsareflexibleprovidingstudentswiththeknowledgetoenterprofessionalmedicalpracticeorpreparethemformoreadvancedrolesintheirfields.
ADMISSION:
542
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1.What'sspecialaboutArizonaStateUniversity?
A.ItisanapprovedSARAinstitution.
B.Itprovidesthemostexpensiveprograms.
C.Itofferssometechnology-assistedcourses.
D.Itadmitsfewerstudentsthanotheruniversities.
2.Whichuniversity’s,onlineprogramsfavormedicalstudents?
A.ArizonaStateUniversity.B.UniversityofIllinois.
C.UniversityofFlorida.D.OhioStateUniversity.
3.What'sthepurposeofthispassage?
A.Toadvertisefreeonlineprograms.
B.Tocallonpeopletosignuponline.
C.Tointroducesomebestonlineprograms.
D.Toprovideaccesstothebestuniversities.
B
Everwonderedifdogscanlearnnewwords?
Yes,sayresearchersastheyhavefoundthattalenteddogsmayhavetheabilitytograspnewwordsafterhearingthemonlyfourtimes.
Whilepreviousevidenceseemstoshowthatmostdogsdonotlearnwords,unlesseventuallyverywelltrained,afewindividualshaveshownsomeextraordinaryabilities,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalScientificReports.
“Wewantedtoknowunderwhichconditionsthegifteddogsmaylearnnovelwords”saidresearcherxuekwClaudiaFugazzafromtheEötvösLorándUniversityinHungary.Forthestudy,theteaminvolvedtwogifteddogs,WhiskyandVickyNina.Theteamexposedthedogstothenewwordsintwodifferentconditions.
Intheexclusion-basedtask,presentedwithsevenknowntoysandonenewtoy,thedogswereabletoselectthenewtoywhenpresentedwithanewname.Researcherssaythisprovesthatdogscanchoosebyexclusionwhenfacedwithanewword,theyselectedtheonlytoywhichdidnothaveaknownname.
However,thiswasnotthewaytheywouldlearnthenameofthetoy.Infact,whentheywerepresentedwithonemoreequallynewnametotesttheirabilitytorecognizethetoybyitsname,thedogsgottotallyconfusedandfailed.
Theothercondition,thesocialone,wherethedogsplayedwiththeirownerswhopronouncedthenameofthetoywhileplayingwiththedog,provedtobethesuccessfulwaytolearnthenameofthetoy,evenafterhearingitonly4times.“Therapidlearningthatweobservedseemstoequalchildren’sabilitytolearnmanynewwordsatafastratearoundtheageof18months,”Fugazzasays.“Butwedonotknowwhetherthelearningmechanisms(机制)behindthislearningarethesameforhumansanddogs.”
Totestwhethermostdogswouldlearnwordsthisway,20otherdogsweretestedinthesamecondition,butnoneofthemshowedanyevidenceoflearningthetoynames,confirmingthattheabilitytolearnwordsrapidlyintheabsenceofformaltrainingisveryrareandisonlypresentinafewgifteddogs.
4.WhatwasthepurposeofthestudypublishedinScientificReports?
A.Tobettertraindogs’abilitytolearnnewwords.
B.Tofurtherconfirmpreviousevidenceaboutdogs.
C.Toproveextraordinarymemoryabilitiesofgifteddogs.
D.Toexplorefavorableconditionsforgifteddogs’new-wordlearning.
5.Howdidthedogsreactwhenexposedtotwonewnamesinthefirstcondition?
A.Slowtounderstand.B.Quicktolearn.C.Ataloss.D.Inapanic.
6.Whatwasfoundaboutdogs’new-wordlearninginthesocialcondition?
A.Learningthroughplayingappliedtomostdogs.
B.Thesocialconditionhelpeddogslearnnewwords.
CDogs’new-wordlearningturnedouttobelesseffective.
D.Dogssharedsimilarlearningmechanismswithchildren.
7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.GiftedDogsCanLearnNewWordsRapidly.
B.DogsIdentifyNewly-namedToysbyExclusion.
C.DogsCanAcquireVocabularythroughTonsofTraining.
D.GiftedDogsHaveSimilarLearningAbilitiestoHumans.
C
Scientistsoftencomparecoralreefs(珊瑚礁)tounderwaterrainforests,yetunliketheleafyplantbaseofaforest,coralsareanimals.Thesoftcreaturesarenaturallyhalf-transparentandgettheirbrilliantcolor1fromalgae(藻类)livinginsidethem.Whencoralsexperiencestressfromhottemperaturesorpollution,theyhalttheinterdependentrelationshipwithalgae,typicallypushingthemoutandturningwhite.Coralsarestillalivewhentheyarewhite,butthey'reatriskandmanyeventuallydie,turningdarkbrown.
Scientistsaroundtheworldarelookingformeanstoprotectandmaybeincreasecorals.Onecommonoptionistocreatemoreprotectedareas—essentiallynationalparksintheocean.Beyondnaturepreserves,someconservationistsarelookingtomorehands-onmethods.OneresearchcenterintheFloridaKeysisexploringaformofnaturalselectiontokeepcoralsremaining.ThereefsystemintheKeyshasbeenhithardbyclimatechangeandpollution,whichisespeciallytough,becausecoralstherehelpsupportfisheriesworth$100millioneveryyear.
Tokeepthewildecosystemalive,ErinnMuller,thecenter'sdirector,andherteamareharvestingsamplesofthecoralsthatsurvivedtheenvironmentalstressnaturally,keepingthemtomakethemreproduce,andthenreattachingthemtothereef.Theyhave46,000coralsonplasticframesunderthesea.Sofar,thecenterhasregrownover70,000coralsfromfivedifferentspeciesondamagedreefs.
InTheBahamas,RossCunning,aresearchbiologistatChicago'sSheddAquarium,focusesoncoralswithgenesthatcouldmakethemnaturalcandidatesforrestorationprojects.HepublishedastudyoftwoBahamianreefs,onethatsurvivedanextreme2015heatwave,andonethatdidn't."Wethinktheirabilitytodealwiththesehighertemperaturesisbuiltintotheirgenes,"saysCunning.There'sevidenceofcoralsevolvingmorequicklytoresistrapidlywarmingclimate.Thebigquestionscientistsneedinvestigate,addsGunning,ishowmuchmoreheatcoralscanadaptto.
8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"halt"inthefirstparagraphmean?
A.End.B.Develop.C.Strengthen.D.Weaken.
9.WhatdoMullerandherteamdotosavecorals?
A.Restorethedamagedreefs.B.Growcoralsbyhandunderwater.
C.Createmoreprotectedareas.D.Movecoralstounpollutedareas.
10.WhatdoGunning'swordssuggest?
A.Manycoralshavebeengeneticallyimproved.B.Coolingdownthewatersiskeytorescuingcorals.
C.Reasonsforcoralssurvivingheatwavesareshocking.D.Thehighesttemperaturecoralscansurviveisunclear.
11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.RelationshipbetweencoralsandalgaeB.Effortsmadetosavecorals
C.ImpactofclimatewarmingoncoralsD.Survivalcrisisfacedbycoralreefs
D
Withgraduationdaysbeingcelebratedalloverthecountry,astudentwhohastouseawheelchairhonoredhismotheronhisgraduationdayinaspecialway.EasleyHighSchoolgraduate,AlexMayssurprisedpeoplepresentwhenhegotupandwalkedacrossthestageatClemson'sLittlejohnColiseum.
“Iwasreallyhappy—itmademefeelgood,”Alexsaid.
Alexwasnotgivenachancetoliverightfromhisbirth.Hewasbornat25weeksandweighedjust1pound,10ouncesatbirth.Whenhewasveryyoung,hehadadiseaseandlosttheabilitytowalk.Afterhismother'sdeathin2013,Alexhadseveralotherdifficultlifechangesuntilhecametolivewithhisgrandparents,Dousayandherhusband,Dewayne.DousaysaidthatwhenAlexcametolivewiththem,theydecidedtobringhimupinthebestpossiblewaytheycould.
Lastfall,Alexsaidthathewouldwalkacrossthestagetogethisdiplomatohonorhislatemother.Hepracticedhardandworkedwithaphysicaltherapistfor9monthstocompletehisplan.
TheonlyhelpAlexgotwasfromhismom'sbestfriend,TonyaJohnson,whopushedhiswheelchairtothestagewearingoneofhismother'sfavoriteshirts.“Ihadsupportfrommyfamily.Icouldn'thavedoneitwithoutthem,”Alexsaid.
“Alexmadeeveryoneinthebuildingfeelencouragedthatday”PickensCountySchoolDistrictpublicinformationspecialistJohnEbysaid.“Theschoolteachersknewhewasgoingtogetuptogethisdiploma,butthedistancehewalkedwasasurprise,eventothem,”Ebysaid.
“Someoflife'smostimportanttestsaren’tgiveninaclassroom;Alextestedhimselfandpassedwithflyingcolor1s,”Ebyadded.
12.InwhatwaydidAlexhonorhislatemotheronhisgraduationday?
A.Bydressinglikeher.
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