高考英语阅读推理判断.docx
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高考英语阅读推理判断.docx
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高考英语阅读推理判断
推理判断
“Touch,issocentraltowhatwearethatwealmostcannotimagineourselveswithoutit,”saidChrisDijkerman.“It’snotlikeeyesight,whereyoucloseyoureyesandyoudon’tseeanything.Youcan’tdothatwithtouch.It’salwaysthere.”
Theunderlinedsentence“Youcan’tdothatwithtouch”heremeans“Youcan’t______”.
A.closeyourskin
B.closeyoureyes
C.touchanything
D.seeanything
【解析】
A推理判断题。
从划线前面的句子:
It’snotlikeeyesight,whereyoucloseyoureyesandyoudon’tseeanything.“它(触觉)不像视觉,一旦闭上眼睛,就看不到了。
可推出本句话“Youcan’tdothatwithtouch”的意思是“你不能使你的皮肤关闭”,故选A。
Insidetheirone-store,metal-roofedhouseonVancouverIsland’swestcoast,JanetSchwartzandherdomesticated(驯养的)deer,Bimbo,arereturningtotheirnormallives.Thelaw-representedbymenandwomendressedinblackuniformsandcarryingguns—isnolongerthreateningtoforciblyseparateSchwartzandBimbo,freeingthe10-year-olddeertothefates(命运)ofthesurroundingrainforestanditshungrywolvesandblackbears.
“Weloveeachother,”saidSchwartzwhoturned70onSaturday.“she’llcomeuptomeandshe’llkissmerightonthelips,likeamankissesawoman”.
Whydidn’tSchwartzwanttoloosethedeer?
A.Itwastheonlycompanioninherhouse
B.Shewantedtostudythelifestyleofthedeer.
C.Thedeerhadbecomepartofherlife.
D.Shehadaveterinariantohelpher.
【解析】
C推理判断题。
从第二段的句子:
“Weloveeachother,”saidSchwartzwhoturned70onSaturday.“she’llcomeuptomeandshe’llkissmerightonthelips,likeamankissesawoman”可推理出Schwartz不想把鹿放走,因为鹿已经成为她生活的一部分了,故选C。
Allinall,thedormusesnearlytwo-thirdslesselectricitythanasimilar-sizedtraditionalbuildingwould.Buteventhemostsustainablehomesneedcontinuedeffortsfromitslivers.AndinthecaseofEcoDorm,studentslivebytheirwords.Mostalsotakeadvantageofthedorm’sbio-garden,plantingandharvestingfruitsandvegetables.“Ididn’thavetoworryaboutpapertowelsbeingwastedorfeelbadaboutdryingmyclothesoutside,”JeremyLekich,thedorm’sgardener,said.“Basically,ithasmademylifeeasier.”
Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?
A.Along-termdevelopmentcallsforstudents’efforts.
B.Students’ideasshouldbeencouragedatcollege.
C.GreenlivingisanewtrendatAmericancolleges.
D.Studentscanlearntoprotecttheenvironmentthroughpractice.
【解析】
C推理判断题。
从本段中后面的句子:
AndinthecaseofEcoDorm,studentslivebytheirwords.Mostalsotakeadvantageofthedorm’sbio-garden,plantingandharvestingfruitsandvegetables.可推出绿色生活是美国大学的一种趋势。
故选C。
AiopenedastudioinShanghai’ssuburbofSongjiangtwoyearsago,buildinga5-meter-deep,fan-shapedpoolequippedwithheatingfacilitiestostartupthebusiness.A30-minutetrainingonhowtosmileunderthewatersothatyouwon’tdrinktoomuchwaterandhowtoopenyoureyesunderwaterisofferedinhisstudioforthosewhodon’tknowhowtoswim.
Aisaysmostofhiscustomersarefemale—halfofthemcomingforanartisticportraitphotoandtherestforweddingpictures.“Someofthemdragtheirboyfriendsorhusband-to-be,whoareunwillingtogodowntothewater,toshootaswell,”hesays.
Itcanbeinferredfromthetwoparagraphsthat______.
A.youngpeopleareinforthisfashion
B.fewermenwouldshowinterestinthisfashion
C.menaremoreromanticthanwomen
D.womenwouldliketotakemoreadventures
【解析】
B推理判断题。
从第二段中Ai最后说的句子:
“Someofthemdragtheirboyfriendsorhusband-to-be,whoareunwillingtogodowntothewater,toshootaswell,”很多男士都是被硬拉来的,可以推断出很少有男性会对这种时尚感兴趣,故选B。
Researchshowsthathumansswitchfromselfishtounselfishbehaviorwhentheyarewatched.Doyou?
Apictureofasetofeyesonacomputerscreencancauseachangeinthewaypeopleact.Evenimagesofeyesonacharitydonation,collectionboxencouragepeopletobeunselfish,becausepeopleputmoremoneyinacollectionboxthathasapictureofeyesonitthantheydowhenaflowersymbolisonthebox.
ManfredMilinskifromtheMax-PlanckInstituteforEvolutionaryBiologyinGermanyandBettinaRockenbachoftheUniversityofBerlin,theauthorsofanewstudy,foundthatpeopleactbetterwhentheyarebeingwatchedbecausetheyfeeltheywillberewardedforgoodbehavior.Theirreportalsoreferredtootherresearchshowingthatthisresponseofbehavingwellwhenwatchedissomehowcodedintohumansandpeoplerespondthiswayunconsciously,orwithoutrealizingit.
Itisnotjusthumansthatactunselfishlywhentheyarebeingwatched.Afishcalledthegroomingfishcleansotherfish.Whenotherfisharearound,itisgentler.Whennootherfisharearound,however,thegroomingfishbiteschunksfromthefishitissupposedtobecleaning.Theresearcherssuggestthatthebestwaytogetpeopletobehaveinthecorrectwayistomakethemfeelwatched.ThiscouldbethereasonforthesuccessofafamousAmericanarmyposter.Onitwasapictureofanelderlymanstaringfiercelyandpointing,itappeared,tothepersonwhowaslookingattheposter.Underthepicturewasthecaption'IWantYou'.ItencouragedhundredsofthousandsofyoungAmericanmentojointhearmyduringtheSecondWorldWartofighttheGermansandJapanese.
Wherewouldthestudydescribedinthetextmostlikelybefound?
A.Inanewspaper.
B.Inascientificjournal.
C.Inanadvertisingmagazine.
D.Inasciencetextbook.
【解析】
B推理判断题。
本题考查文章出处,本文内容是对人类行为的调查研究,应属于科学研究类短文,由此推断文章应该出现在科学杂志上,故答案选B。
Thereport,conductedbytheBeijingInstituteofCancerResearch,showsthatthenumberofcancerpatientsinChinahasincreasedmarkedlyduringthepasttenyears.ChaoyangDistrict,thecity’smainareaofindustrialization,hasthehighestincidenceofcancer,almostdoublethatofYanqing,anareaontheoutskirtsofthecity.Aboutfouroutof1,000Chaoyangresidentshavesomeformofthedisease,withlungcanceratthetopofthelist.
Iftherewere3,000,000peopleinChaoyangDistrict,howmanywouldhaverespiratorydiseases?
A.16000B.12000C.8000D.7500
【解析】
B推理判断题。
根据最后一句Aboutfouroutof1000Chaoyangresidentshavesomeformofthedisease,withlungcanceratthetopofthelist.可知1000人中有大约4位有呼吸疾病,那么3,000,000人中就可以计算出应是B正确。
“Theriskofhavingcancerlargelydependsonthelengthofexposureandtheconcentrationofnoxiousgases(有毒气体的浓度),”saidZhi.Inresponsetothedoubtwhethersevenyears’exposuretopoorairqualitywillalmostresultincancer,Zhisaidthetimescalewastakenfromresearchoverseasthatsuggestedtherateofincidencegenerallypeakedintheseventhyearofexposuretoaheavilypollutedenvironment.
Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?
A.Industrializationhasitsweaknessaswellasstrengths.
B.Theaveragedeathrateriseswithdifferentagesandplaces.
C.TheairinBeijingismuchmorepollutedthanthatintheothercities.
D.Themoreheavily-pollutedairyoubreathein,thesooneryou’llhavecancer.
【解析】
D推理判断题。
根据本段最后Zhisaidthetimescalewastakenfromresearchoverseasthatsuggestedtherateofincidencegenerallypeakedintheseventhyearofexposuretoaheavilypollutedenvironment.可以得出癌症和污染有很大关系。
故D正确。
BarackObama,LadyGagaandSteveJobs—whatdotheyhaveincommon?
Theyare,ofcourse,allAmericans.Andaccordingtoasurveybysocialnetworkingsite,theyallbestillustrate(举例说明)theword“cool”.
Butjustwhatdoesitmeantosaysomeoneis“cool”?
Mostwouldanswerthatitissomethingtodowithbeingindependent-mindedandnotfollowingthecrowd.
YaleUniversityartprofessorRobertFarrisThompsonsaysthattheterm“cool”goesbackto15thcenturyWestAfricanphilosophy(哲学).“Cool”relatestoideasofgrace(优雅)underpressure.
BarackObama,LadyGagaandSteveJobsarementionedinthefirstparagraphto______.
A.introducethetopic
B.drawourattention
C.telluswhattheyhaveincommon
D.telluswhatis“cool”
【解析】
A推理判断。
根据文章后面两段,分别是普通人对“cool”的解释,和专业学者对此词的注释,由此可推断出,作者提到BarackObama,LadyGaga和SteveJobs是为了引出话题“cool”。
故选A。
Sogoestheideology.Itis,ofcourse,nottruethatbasicbiologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesbetweenthesexesrequireeachtoplaysex-definedrolesinsociallife.Thereisenoughevidencethatsexrolesvaryfromsocietytosociety,andthoseroledifferencesthatdoexistarelargelylearned.
Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceimply?
A.Sexrolesaresociallydetermined.
B.Sexrolesareemotionallyandphysicallydetermined.
C.Sexrolesarebiologicallyandpsychologicallydetermined.
D.Sexrolesaredeterminedbyeducationpeopletake.
【解析】
A推理判断题。
划线句的前面可知,有足够的证据表明在不同的社会中对性别角色的认知是不同的,由此推断出并列连词and后是对此加以说明解释,故划线句应理解为,性别角色的不同具有社会性。
故选A。
AirpollutioninChinesecitiesisofincreasingconcerntoChina’sleadership.Particulatesintheaircanaffecthumanhealthandalsohaveinfluencesonclimateandrainfall.Pollutionfromtheburningofcoalhasreducedlifeexpectancyby5.5yearsinthenorthofChina,asaresultofheartandlungdiseases.
Whatmeasuremightbepracticaltoreducethehappeningofheavysmog?
A.Forbiddingpeopletoowntheirprivatecars.
B.Advocatingpeoplehavingonemealaday.
C.Usingnaturalgastocookinsteadofcoal.
D.Encouragingfamily’scoal-firedheating.
【解析】
C推理判断题。
由本段唯一提到的“Pollutionfromtheburningofcoal…”可推测出,减少煤的燃烧可以有效地降低雾霾的危害。
故选C。
Althoughcatsmaybeoneofthemostpopularpetstoday,littleisknownabouthowandwhenhumansandcatssetuptheircloserelationship.
Theearliestevidenceforhuman–catinteractiondatesbacktoprehistoricCyprus(史前塞浦路斯),wheretheremainsofawildcatandahuman—dated9,500yearsold—werefoundburiedtogether.
AnewstudyintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofScienceshasconfirmedthefirstdirectevidenceofahuman–domesticcatrelationshipamongC
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