高考英语高中英语阅读理解一解题方法和技巧及练习题.docx
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高考英语高中英语阅读理解一解题方法和技巧及练习题.docx
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高考英语高中英语阅读理解一解题方法和技巧及练习题
高考英语高中英语阅读理解
(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Notre-Dame,thecathedral(大教堂)thatservesasoneofParis'smostbelovedmonuments,isonfire.AccordingtoTheNewYorkTimes,thefirebeganaround6:
30p.m.localtime,whentouristsurgentlyrushedoutofthebuilding.WhileAndreFinot,aspokesmanforthecathedral,toldTheTimes,thatthecauseofthefireisstillunknownandthatnoonehasbeenhurtwhiledamagetothebuildingappearscatastrophic(灾难性的).
CNNreportsthatover400firefightershavebeensenttofightthefire,butthattheymaybeunabletosavethecathedral.Builtinthe12thcentury,Notre-DamehousesseveralrelicsimportanttoCatholics(天主教徒).NBCNewsreportsthatrelicsfromSaintGenevieveandSaintDenismaybeenlost,togetherwitharelicbelievedtobefromJesusChrist'scrownofthorns,butitstatesthatauthoritiesnowbelievethatthecathedralhasbeensavedfrom“totaldestruction”.
Notre-Dameisvisitedbyareported30,000peopleadayand13millionpeopleperyear.Itsdestructionrepresentsaglobalculturalloss."Thisisjusthorrible",MohamedMegdoul,33,afilmproducerandwitnesstothefiretoldTheTimes,speakingthroughtears."Athousandyearsofhistoryisbeingwipedaway.Thisbelongedtothewholeworld,andnowit'sdisappearing."
FrenchPresidentEmmanuelMacronexpressedhissadnessonTwitter."Notre-DameofParisinflames,"readsanEnglishtranslationofhisstatement."Emotionforawholenation.ThoughtsforallCatholicsandforalltheFrench.Likeallourcountrymen,I'msadtogethertoseethispartofusburn."Otherpoliticians,includingMelanisTrump,LondonMayorSadiqKhan,U.K.PrimeMinisterTheresaMayalsosharedtheirsadnessonTwitter.
(1)WhatdoweknowaboutNotre-Dameaccordingtothepassage?
A.Ithasbeencompletelydestroyedbythefire.
B.It'sahugepoliticallosstotheworld.
C.It'sonlymeaningfultoCatholics.
D.Thereasonofthefireremainedtobefoundout.
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?
A.ThehistoryofFranceisdestroyedbecauseofthefire.
B.Thelossthefirecausedishuge.
C.ThedamageofNotre-Dameisbeingwipedoff.
D.Thecathedralhasbeensavedfrom"totaldestruction".
(3)What'sthepurposeofwritingthepassage?
A.ToreportadisasterofNotre-Dame.
B.Toexpresspeople'ssadnessofthedestruction.
C.ToemphasizethevalueofNotre-Dame.
D.Toshowtheconcernsfromtheworldwide.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了举世闻名的法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的相关信息。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“WhileAndreFinot,aspokesmanforthecathedral,toldTheTimes,thatthecauseofthefireisstillunknownandthatnoonehasbeenhurtwhiledamagetothebuildingappearscatastrophic(灾难性的)”这起火灾的原因还不得而知,对建筑的破坏是灾难性的,并没有说建筑被完全破坏了。
故选D。
(2)考查句义猜测。
根据第三段中的“Itsdestructionrepresentsaglobalculturalloss‘Athousandyearsofhistoryisbeingwipedaway.’”可知,它的毁灭代表了全球文化的损失。
MohamedMegdoul说道:
这很糟糕,一千年的历史就这样被破坏殆尽。
wipeaway“擦掉,破坏殆尽”。
由此判断出这就话显示了火灾造成的损失是巨大的。
故选B。
(3)考查写作意图。
纵观全文可知,本文是一篇新闻报道,文章报道了举世闻名的法国巴黎圣母院发生火灾的相关信息。
因此本文的目的在于报导巴黎圣母院遭遇的巨大灾难。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和写作意图三个题型的考查,是一篇新闻报道,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,同时根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Latelyapopulareight-floorbookstoreinHefei,Anhuiprovince,hasrisentofamebecauseitbecomestheworld'sfirstsharedbookstore,inamovemeanttoencouragemorereadingamongChinesecitizens.
Itcomestopeople'sattentionasmorethan200,000visitorsfloodedthestoreonitsfirstdayasasharedbookstoreonJuly16thisyear,arecordhighsinceitwasreopenedtothepublicin2013.Some4,000bookswerebroughthomeonthefirstday,Treported.
Customersareallowedtoborrowuptotwobooksvaluedunder150yuanpervisitafterregisteringwithanappandpayingthe99yuandepositfee(押金).
Allbooksonsaleinthebookstoreareavailableforsharing.Returnedbooksthataredamagedaresoldatadiscount.Thebookstorealsoprovidesabonusforbookworms.Peoplewhofinishreading12booksinthreemonthsreceiveeightpercentoftheirdepositback,andmemberscanberewardedoneyuanforeverybookread.
"Wewanttobringdownthecostofreadingsopeoplecouldreadmorebooks,"XuXinwei,whohelpsrunthebookstore,toldT.
Someparentsbuyalotofbooksfortheirchildren,buttheyusuallyendupcollectingdustastheirchildrengrowup.Similarly,somepopularnovelsforyoungpeoplealsofalloutoffashion,accordingtoXu."Booksaremoreeffectivelycirculatedwhenthey'reshared."
(1)Thebookstorebecomesasharedone .
A. tomakemoremoney
B. tomakemoreroomfornewbooks
C. toinspiremorepeopletoread
D. torecommendnewbooks
(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“risentofame”inParagraph1probablymean?
A. Becomewell-known.
B. Settleddown.
C. Brokenup.
D. Takenover.
(3)Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A. ThebookstorewasoncethebestinAnhuiprovince.
B. Thebooksthataresoldherecan'tbeborrowed.
C. Morethan4,000booksweretakenhomeonJuly16in2013.
D. Thecostofreadingcanbereducedbysharingthebooks.
(4)Whatdoesthebookstoredotoattractmorereaders?
A. Thebookstoreencouragesparentstobuymorebooksfortheirchildren.
B. Thereadersareallowedtoborrowthebooksunconditionally.
C. Thereaderswhoarememberscanreceiveoneyuanforeverybookread.
D. Thebookstoreisconsideringofferingabonusforanyonewholikesreading.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)D
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,最近,安徽省合肥一家受欢迎的八楼书店,由于成为世界上第一家共享书店,因此鼓励更多中国公民读书。
本文以此展开,主要讲述了共享书店的运营模式。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“inamovemeanttoencouragemorereadingamongChinesecitizens.”可知这个书店成为一家共享书店为了让更多的公民阅读。
故选C。
(2)考查词义猜测。
根据第一段中popular一词,以及提到这家书店成为世界上第一家共享书店,可见这家书店应该“名声大振”。
risentofame译为“名声大振”。
故选A.
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第五段中的“"Wewanttobringdownthecostofreadingsopeoplecouldreadmorebooks,”可推知,共享图书可以降低阅读成本,这样人们可以更多的阅读。
故选D。
(4)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“andmemberscanberewardedoneyuanforeverybookread.”可知,所有的阅读者都可以得到每本书一元钱的奖励。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇新闻报道,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Afive-year-olddognamedKelseyhasbeenpraisedasaheroforhelpingtosavethelifeofherownerwhoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck.
Theman,Bob,wasalonewhenhelefthisMichiganfarmhouseonNewYear'sEvetocollectfirewood.Expectingajourneyofonlyseveralmeters,Bobwaswearingjustlongjohns(衬裤),ashirtandslipperswhenhewentoutside,althoughthetemperaturewasaround-4℃.
Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow.Fortunately,Kelseycametohisassistance.
"Iwasshoutingforhelp,butmynearestneighborisabout400metersaway,anditwas10:
30pm,Bobexplained."ButmyKelseycame.Bythenextmorning,myvoicewasgoneandIcouldn'tyellforhelp,butKelseydidn'tstopbarking."
Kelsey'scompanionkepthimwarmbylyingontopofhim.Shelickedhisfaceandhandstokeephimawake."Kelseykeptbarkingbutneverleftmyside,"Bobrecalled."Shekeptmewarm.IknewIcouldn'tgiveupandthatitwasmychoicetostayalive."
Bobspent20hoursinthefreezingcold.Whenhefinallylostconsciousness,hisdogkeptbarking.Finally,hearingthebarking,Bob'sneighbordiscoveredhimat6:
30pmonNewYear'sDayandcalledtheemergencyservicesatonce.WhenBobarrivedinhospital,hisbodytemperaturewasbelow21℃.However,doctorsweresurprisedtofindthathedidn'thaveanyfrostbite(冻疮).TheybelieveditwasbecauseofKelsey'sdeterminationtokeephimwarm,Dr.ChaimColen,thedoctorwhotreatedBob,said,"Animalscanhelpandhisdogreallysavedhim...Hewasveryfortunate.”
Bobsaidhewas"enormously"gratefultobothDr.ColenandhisKelsey,"Theysavedmylife.Theyaretrulyheroes!
"
(1)WhathappenedtoBobonNewYear'sEve?
A. Helefthisdogaloneinhisfarmhouse.
B. Hewaspraisedforsavingadogowner.
C. Hebrokehisneckandcouldn'tmove.
D. Heheardhisneighbor'sshoutingforhelp.
(2)WhydidKelseykeepbarking?
A. Tokeepwarm.
B. Tostayalive.
C. TokeepBobawake.
D. Toseekhelpfromothers.
(3)HowdoesDr.ChaimColenfeelaboutKelsey?
A. Helpful. B. Fortunate. C. Grateful. D. Friendly.
(4)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A. ANeck-breakingAccident B. TheMagicNight
C. WarmthonaWinter'sNight
D. DeterminationtoKeepAlive
【答案】
(1)C
(2)D
(3)A
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一只名叫Kelsey的狗在那个夜晚为受伤的作者寻求帮助,并救了作者的命,带给作者温暖。
并因此像个英雄般受到表扬。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“tosavethelifeofherownerwhoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck.”挽救了在雪中滑倒摔断了脖子的主人;以及第三段中的“Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow.”事故发生后,在雪中他不能动。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第六段中的“Whenhefinallylostconsciousness,hisdogkeptbarking.Finally,hearingthebarking,Bob'sneighbordiscoveredhimat6:
30p.m.onNewYear'sDayandcalledtheemergencyservicesatonce.”当他最终失去知觉时,他的狗不停地叫。
最后,Bob的邻居听到了狗叫在新年那天下午六点半发现了他,并且立刻给急救部门打电话。
可知狗一直叫是为了向他人求助,故选D。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第六段中的“However,doctorsweresurprisedtofindthathedidn'thaveanyfrostbite(冻疮).TheybelieveditwasbecauseofKelsey'sdeterminationtokeephimwarm.”但是,医生惊讶地发现他没有冻伤。
他们认为是因为Kelsey让他保持温暖的决心。
可知ChaimColen认为Kelsey帮助很大,故选A。
(4)考查主旨大意。
纵观全文可知,本文讲述了一只名叫Kelsey的5岁的小狗帮助在雪中滑倒摔断了脖子的主人,在寒冷的除夕夜为主人取暖,挽救了主人的生命,故C符合做文章标题,故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
4.阅读理解
Weallthinkplantswereexpectedtogetlargerwithincreasedcarbondioxideinthe
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