译林版中考英语中考英语总复习任务型阅读知识点总结.docx
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译林版中考英语中考英语总复习任务型阅读知识点总结.docx
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译林版中考英语中考英语总复习任务型阅读知识点总结
译林版中考英语中考英语总复习任务型阅读知识点总结
一、英语任务型阅读
1.阅读短文,然后在文后思维导图内完成内容摘要,每空不超过三个词。
TheGrandCanyon(科罗拉多大峡谷)isalargerivercanyoninArizona.Itisover220mileslongandoveramiledeepinsomeplaces.Itswidestpointis18mileswide.ThecanyonisconsideredoneoftheSevenNaturalWondersoftheWorld.
Overmillionsofyears,theColoradoRiverworeawayrocksasitpassedthroughthearea.Slowly,therivermadethepathdeeperanddeeper.Now,thecanyonissurroundedbysteepwallsoneitherside,whiletherivercontinuestoflowatthebottomofthecanyon.
Besidesitslargesize,theGrandCanyonisalsoknownforitsmagnificentcolors.Thecanyonismadeoflayersofrock(岩层),andeachlayerofrockhasadifferentdepthandcolor.Geologistshaveidentifiedalmost40differentlayersofrockexposedbytheriverserosion.
Theclimateincanyonareaisprimarilydesert,withbothhighandlowtemperatures.Theupperrimsofthecanyonoftenreceivesnowfall.Theairqualityisusuallyveryhigh,althoughduststormsandsmokefromfirescanchangetheair.
TheGrandCanyonishometoavarietyofplantsandanimals.Plantsrangefromvariousspeciesofcactutopineforests.Manytypesofanimalsliveinthearea,includingthebaldeagle,bobcats,batsandgilamonsters.Sixdifferentkindsofrattlesnakeshavebeenfoundinthearea.
Today,thecanyonispartoftheGrandCanyonNationalPark.Aboutfivemilliontouristsvisittheparkeachyear.
⑴________ ⑵________ ⑶________ ⑷________ ⑸________
【答案】size;climate;home;amiledeep;layer
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
文章主要介绍了美国的科罗拉多大峡谷的规模,大笑,形成原因,还用那里的生物。
(1)细节理解题,根据Itisover220mileslongandoveramiledeepinsomeplaces. Itswidestpointis18mileswide. ThecanyonisconsideredoneoftheSevenNaturalWondersoftheWorld.它长220多英里,在某些地方有一英里深,最宽的地方有18英里宽,峡谷被认为是世界七大自然奇观之一,故答案是size。
(2)细节理解题,根据Theclimateincanyonareaisprimarilydesert,withbothhighandlowtemperatures.峡谷地区的气候主要是沙漠,高温和低温并存.故答案是climate。
(3)细节理解题,根据TheGrandCanyonishometoavarietyofplantsandanimals.大峡谷里有各种各样的动植物。
故答案是home。
(4)细节理解题.根据Itisover220mileslongandoveramiledeepinsomeplaces.它长220多英里,有些地方有一英里深,故答案是amiledeep。
(5)细节理解题,根据eachlayerofrockhasadifferentdepthandcolor.每层岩石有不同的深度和颜色,故答案是layer。
【点评】考查任务型阅读,关键在看懂文章,然后根据题目要求作答,注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。
在文章中找不到答案时,要完全理解句子,根据同义词,句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词,短语或者句子的词。
2.阅读短文,根据短文内容,在短文后的空格里填入最恰当的单词(每空限填一词)。
OnMarch31",2019,awildfireinLiangshanYiautonomousprefecture(凉山彝族自治州)ledto31deaths,including27firefighters.AndonMay1st,2016,inAlberta,Canada,awildfiredestroyedanareaofnearly700squaremiles.Morethan88,000peoplehadtoleavetheirhomesandthousandsofhomesweredestroyed.
Wildfiresareunexpected,unplanned.Andthecauseofmostwildfiresisunsure.Tobum,wildfiresrequiretherightconditions—fuel,oxygenandheat.Andglobalwarringisoneofthemostimportantreasons.Thehightemperaturesanddryconditionsmakethefirespreadquickly.
Inmanypartsoftheworld,wildfireshappennaturally.Theyarestartedbylighting(闪电)orsomeotherspecialweatherconditions.Inrecentyears,therehavebeenmorewildfiresbecauseofdry,hotweather,andchangeableweatherpatternsbecauseofglobalwarning.
However,manyfiresarestartedbypeople.Sometimes,peopleclearlandforfarming.Besides,therearesmokerswhoaccidentallysetfires.
Wildfirescancausealotofsmoke,whichwillpollutetheair.Lotsoflives,property(财产)andvaluableforestswillsoondisappearinwildfires.Whentreesareburntdown,andheavyrainfollows,moredisasterssuchasterriblefloodswillhappen.
Wildfires
Events
●31liveslostinthewildfireinLiangshanYiautonomousprefecture.
●ThewildfireinCanada________ thousandsofhomes.
________
●Bynature:
⒈Lightingorsomeotherspecialweatherconditions.
⒉Globalwarming________ tohightemperaturesanddryconditions.
●Bypeople:
⒈Peopleclearthelandforfarting.
⒉Smokesetfiresby________.
Influence
●Wildfirescancausealotofair________.
●Lives,propertyandvaluableforestsdisappear.
●Moredisasterswillhappen.
【答案】destroyed/ruined/damaged;Causes/Reasons;leads;accident/chance;pollution/problems
3.根据短文内容,从下列七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sleepplaysanimportantroleinbrain(大脑)development.Childrenshouldgetenoughsleep.
________ Astudysaysthatbecauseofbeingshortofsleep,itismuchharderforchildrentodosomethingcarefully.Andalsotheybecomeforgetfulandeasytomakemistakes.Anotherstudyshowsthattherightamountofnight—timesleepisjustasimportantforchildren'sdevelopmentashealthyeatingandtakingexercise.
________ Ingeneralayoungerchildneedsmoresleepthananolderone.Childrenattheageof5-11willneed10-12hoursofsleepanightwhilechildrenattheageofmorethan11willneedlesshours.
Infact,manyparentsdon'tknowhowtohelptheirchildrengetenoughsleep.Hereissomethingyoucando.Forchildrenattheageof5-11,a30-40minutes'routine(常规)beforesleepishelpful.________ Intheactivities,childrenrelaxandenjoythemselvesalot,andtheywillgotosleepmoreeasily.
ChildrenattheageofmorethanIImaygotobedlateintheevening,talkingwithfriendsonline,playinggamesorwatchingTV.________ Andeventheywillbetiredduringtheday.Solimit(限制)yourchildren'suseoftheInternet,gamesandtheTVbeforetheygotobed.________
A.Ifnot,manyproblemswillcometothem.
B.Whydoesachildneedsomuchsleep?
C.Howmanyhoursofsleepisenoughforachild?
D.Sotheywillfindit,difficulttogetupinthenextmorning.
E.Itincludesabath,readingastorytogetherandsoon.
F.Takingexerciseisasimportantasenoughsleepforchildren.
G.Anddon'tallowthemtohaveacomputerorTVsetintheirbedroom.
【答案】B;C;E;D;G
4.阅读信息,用恰当的单词完成下面的短文,每空一词。
Ourfeelingsinfluencealmosteverydecisionwemake.Insteadoflivingaboringlife,positive(积极的)feelingscanhelpusalot.Thepityisthatsometimesbecomevictimsoffeelings.
Inoneofmylatestbooks,Icomparepeople'sabilitytocontrols(控制)onamediaplayer.Justlikethecontrolscanhelpyouenjoywonderfulsongs,thesemethodswillbechoicesforyoutomanagefeelingssuccessfully.
⒈Pause.
Taketimetostopandthinkbeforeyouspeakoract.Ofcourse,youmayfeelsorryifyoulikedoingsomethingwithoutthinking-likesendinganangryemailorpostingsomethingbadonsocialmedia.Ifyoufeelyourfeelingsgettingoutofcontrol,pause.Ifpossible,goforashortwalk.Onceyou'vecalmeddown,decidehowyouwanttomoveforward.
⒉Volumecontrol
Haveyouevernoticedthatwhenspeakingwithsomeone,yourstyleortoneisamirror(镜子)oftheperson'syouarespeakingto?
Ifyoustaycalmorquiet,they'llfollowyou.Shoutorscream,andthey'lldojustlikeyou.Ifadiscussionstartstobecomeworse,trytochangeitbysofteningyourtoneorloweringyourvoice.
⒊Record
Ifyouwanttolearnmoreaboutanotherperson'sthoughts,recording,onewayofcarefullistening,mayhelp.Youdon'tneedtoreplyatonce;you'relisteningtounderstand.Throughcarefullistening,youoftenseethingsyoudidn'tseebeforeandcanevendiscovermisunderstandingsyoudidn'tknow.Don'tjudgeorofferadvicebeforeyouknowmoreaboutothersandthetopic.
Sometimes,ourdecisionsareaffectedbyourfeelings.Ifyoukeeppositivefeelings,youcan________ livingaboringlife.Somemethodscanhelpyou________ incontrollingyourfeelings.First,doingwithoutthinkingmaymakeyou________whatyou'vesaidordone.It'swiseofyoutopausewhenyourfeelingsbecomebad.Second,whenspeakingwithsomeone,theotherpersonusuallyoffersyouareplyinthe________ styleortone.Socontrollingvolumeisveryimportant. What'smore,recordingisonewayofcarefullistening,withthe________ oflearningmoreaboutanotherperson'sthoughts.Followthisway,youcanjudgeoroffersuggestions.
【答案】avoid;succeed;regret;same;help
【解析】【分析】短文大意:
这篇短文讲的是如何管理好情绪给了一些建议。
(1)根据Insteadoflivingaboringlife,positive(积极的)feelingscanhelpusalot. 可知用积极的情绪能让我们避免过着令人厌烦的生活。
avoid避免,情态动词can后跟动词原形,故答案为:
avoid。
(2)根据 thesemethodswillbechoicesforyoutomanagefeelingssuccessfully.succeedindoingsth.成功做某事,helpsb.dosth.帮助某人做某事,故答案为:
succeed。
(3)根据Ofcourse,youmayfeelsorryifyoulikedoingsomethingwithoutthinking可知做事情不三思而后行会感到后悔,regret后悔,遗憾,故答案为:
regret。
(4)根据 Ifyoustaycalmorquiet,they'llfollowyou.Shoutorscream,andthey'lldojustlikeyou.可知你的情绪决定人们怎么样回复你,所以人们用用同样的类型或语调回复你,same同样的,故答案为:
same。
(5)根据Ifyouwanttolearnmoreaboutanotherperson'sthoughts,recording,onewayofcarefullistening,mayhelp.withthehelpof,在……帮助下,固定搭配,故答案为:
help。
【点评】此题考查任务型阅读理解。
先阅读短文理解短文大意。
然后进行审题。
看题目中所缺的成分,然后根据短文内容填写适当的词。
5.配对阅读:
阅读左栏的五段文字,然后在右栏A-G中找出与他们匹配的信息。
(有两个多余)
________Wangweiisabigboy.Hewantstohaveapart-timejobandmakesomemoneyforhisfamily.
________Samisacarelessboy.
HelefthisJacketoutsidetheclassroomyesterday.
________LiuHuaisaschool
girl.Sheusuallygoesshoppingandbuyssometinythings.
________WeiLinglikesreadingverymuch.Sheisgoingtoborrowsomestorybooksthisweekend.
________Joblikesplaying
Basketballverymuch.Hedoeswellinitandhewantstodomorepractice.
A.XinLinglibrary:
Youcanborrowandreadallkindsofbookshere.Thereisabigandquietreadingroomforreaders.
B.Found:
Ajacketwasfound.Thereissomemoneyandsomeotherthingsinitspockets.Pleasecometoteachers'officeandtakeitback.
C.Familycooking:
Itisapopularandusefulprogram.Itiso
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