届高考英语第二轮专题复习限时训练题39.docx
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届高考英语第二轮专题复习限时训练题39.docx
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届高考英语第二轮专题复习限时训练题39
专题限时训练(二十七) [史地常识型阅读理解
(一)]
(限时:
25分钟)
(一)
Evenplantcanrunafever,especiallywhenthey’reunderattackbyinsectsordisease.Butunlikehuman,plantscanhavetheirtemperaturetakenfrom3,000feetawaystraightup.Adecadeago,adoptingtheinfrared(红外线)scanningtechnologydevelopedformilitarypurposesandothersatellites,physicistStephenPaleycameupwithaquickwaytotakethetemperatureofcropstodeterminewhichonesareunderstress.Thegoalwastoletfarmerspreciselytargetpesticide(杀虫剂)sprayingratherthanrainpoisononawholefield,whichinvariablyincludesplantsthatdon’thavepest(害虫)problems.
Evenbetter,Paley’sRemoteScanningServicesCompanycoulddetectcropproblemsbeforetheybecamevisibletotheeye.Mountedonaplaneflownat3,000feetatnight,aninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatemittedbycrops.Thedataweretransformedintoacolorcodedmapshowingwhereplantswererunning“fevers”.Farmerscouldthenspotspray,using50to70percentlesspesticidethantheyotherwisewould.
ThebadnewsisthatPaley’scompanycloseddownin1984,afteronlythreeyears.Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlongtermbackerswerehardtofind.Butwiththerenewedconcernaboutpesticidesonproduce,andrefinementsininfraredscanning,Paleyhopestogetbackintooperation.Agricultureexpertshavenodoubtthetechnologyworks.“Thistechniquecanbeusedon75percentofagriculturallandintheUnitedStates,”saysGeorgeOertherofTexasA&M.RayJackson,whorecentlyretiredfromtheDepartmentofAgriculture,thinksremoteinfraredcropscanningcouldbeadoptedbytheendofthedecade.ButonlyifPaleyfindsthefinancialbackingwhichhefailedtoobtain10yearsago.
( )1.Plantswillemitanincreasedamountofheatwhentheyare________
A.sprayedwithpesticides
B.facinganinfraredscanner
C.inpoorphysicalcondition
D.exposedtoexcessivesunrays
( )2.Inordertoapplypesticidesprayingprecisely,wecanuseinfraredscanningto________.
A.estimatethedamagetothecrops
B.measurethesizeoftheaffectedarea
C.drawacolorcodedmap
D.locatetheproblemarea
( )3.Farmerscansaveaconsiderableamountofpesticideby________.
A.resortingtospotspraying
B.consultinginfraredscanningexperts
C.transformingpoisonedrain
D.detectingcropproblemsatanearlystage
( )4.Theapplicationofinfraredscanningtechnologytoagriculturemetwithsomedifficulties—________.
A.thelackofofficialsupport
B.itshighcost
C.thelackoffinancialsupport
D.itsfailuretohelpincreaseproduction
( )5.Infraredscanningtechnologymaybebroughtbackintooperationbecauseof________.
A.thedesireoffarmerstoimprovethequalityoftheirproduce
B.growingconcernabouttheexcessiveuseofpesticidesoncrops
C.theforcefulpromotionbytheDepartmentofAgriculture
D.fullsupportfromagriculturalexperts
(二)
Today,onecantraceVenice’srichpastfromitsbuildings.Mostcitiescanclaimatleastahandfulofoutstandingchurches,palacesorhousesofhistoricalinterest,butinVeniceverynearlyeverythingisremarkable,fromthemagnificentPiazzaSanMarco(St.Mark’sSquare)andthepalacesthatlinetheGrandCanaltothecenturiesoldhomesofsimplefishermen.Itwouldbeeasytosaythatthecityitselfisanenormousmuseumifitwerenotforthefactitissoobviouslyalive.
“Whatbetterplaceisthereforthemeetingofdearfriends?
Seehowitglowswiththeadvancingsummer;howtheskyandtheseaandtherosyairandthemarbleofthepalacesallglimmerandmelttogether.”ThuswrotethefamousauthorHenryJames,ofVenice,whichprovidedthesettingforhisstoryTheAspernPapers,inthenineteenthcentury.TheSplendorofVenicehascapturedtheimaginationofartistsforcenturies—andnotjustofthegreatpaintersandnovelists.Howtragicnowthatsheisfacedwiththedoublethreatofmanandnature.Veniceindeedwillbeluckytosurvive.
( )1.Veniceproudlyboasts________.
A.itsbeautifulchurches,palacesandhouses
B.itsuniqueSt.Mark’sSquareandtheGrandCanal
C.itspicturesquewaterscape
D.itsmarvelousancientbuildings
( )2.Thewriterthinksthat________.
A.Venicecanberegardedasabigmuseum
B.Veniceisnolongerabigmuseum
C.Veniceisdifferentfromabigmuseum
D.Venicecanneverbeabigmuseumbecauseofitsmodernization
( )3.Howdothemotorboatsendangerthebuildings?
A.Theyproduceviolentmovementsofwater.
B.Theypollutetheair.
C.Theypollutethewater.
D.Theyproducetoomuchnoise.
( )4.Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowthat________.
A.Venetiansareeagertomodernizetheircity
B.VenetiansvaluetheGrandCanal
C.Venetiansdon’tcareaboutanythreattotheGrandCanal.
D.thethreatofmanisgreaterthanthethreatofnature
( )5.Inthelastparagraph,thewriter________.
A.isveryconfidentthatVenicewillsurvive
B.isdoubtfulwhetherVenicewillsurvive
C.thinksthatVenicewillhaveluck
D.isafraidthatVenicewillnolongerattractartistsandnovelists
(三)
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HAINES:
Hainesisasmallcommunitylocatedalongthefjords(海湾).ThenaturalbeautyandexpansivewildernessfoundherehavemadeHainesapremiercenterforadventureinAlaska.
ALASKAINDIANARTS:
AlaskaIndianArtsisanonprofitcorporationdedicatedtothepreservationandcontinuationoftraditionalnativecraftandcultureoftheNorthwestNativeTribes.Wespendafewhourslearningcarving,nativebeadingandculturefromthesemasterartists.
SKAGWAY:
Skagwayisalivelytown,whichstillreflectsitsgoldrushrootsandcontainscolorfulshops.InSkagway,westopbytheKlondikeGoldRushNationalParkVisitor’sCenterandridetheWhitePassYukonRouteRailway.
GUSTAVUS:
GustavusisthegatewaytoGlacierBayNationalPark.We’llstayatacomfortablelodgeherefortwonights.ThiswillbethebaseforboththewhalewatchingexcursionandafulldaycruiseinGlacierBay.
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( )1.Youcanfeelthehistoryofthelocalplaceat________.
A.Juneau B.Skagway
C.HainesD.Gustavus
( )2.Youcanwatchawhaleexplodingoutofthewaterat________.
A.GlacierBayNationalPark
B.theKlondikeGoldRushNationalPark
C.theWhitePassYukon
D.thefjords
( )3.Accordingtotheadvertisement,theparticipantsoftheexcursion________.
A.willspendonedayexperiencingthelocalcultureatAlaskaIndianArts
B.cancontactAlaskaMountainGuides&ClimbingSchoolbyemailorfax
C.areabletoexperiencesomeadventurousactivitiesinHaines
D.cangetlotsoftraditionalnativeartworkfreeofcharge
( )4.Whichofthefollowingisaparticipantrequiredtopayadditionalfees?
A.GoingfromGustavustoJuneaubytrain.
B.AfulldaycruiseinGlacierBay.
C.HavingthelastsupperatJuneau.
D.FlyingfromJuneautohishometown.
( )5.Itisknownfromtheadvertisementthat________.
A.thenativecultureoftheNorthwestNativeTribesisdyingout
B.Juneau,asthestatecapital,ismuchmorebeautifulthanHaines
C.SkagwaywastherichesttownofAlaskainthepast
D.Alaskaisfamousforitsculture,historyandnaturalbeauty
专题限时训练(二十七)
(一)【篇章导读】本篇是一篇说明文。
主要介绍了将原用于军事和卫星的红外线扫描技术应用于农业的前景,人们为此所做出的努力及遇到的困难。
1.C 细节理解题。
依据文章第二段“...aninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatemittedbycrops.Thedataweretransformedintoacolorcodedmapshowingwhereplantswererunning‘fevers’”可知,植物“身体状况”不佳(发烧)时才会散发热,所以选项C符合题意。
2.D 推理判断题。
本题要求判断使用红外线扫描技术的方式。
依据文章第二段“...showingwhereplantswererunning‘fevers’.Farmerscouldthenspotspray,…”说明目的是确定有问题的区域,以使农民有针对性地喷杀虫剂。
显然,选项D(确定有问题的地域)为最佳选项。
3.A 细节理解题。
依据文章第二段最后一句“Farmerscouldthenspotspray,using50to70percentlesspesticidethantheyotherwisewould”(采取点喷,农民可以节省平时用量的50%至70%的杀虫剂),选项A符合题意。
4.C 推理判断题。
依据文章第三段的第一句“ThebadnewsisthatPaley'scompanycloseddownin1984,afteronlythreeyears.Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlongtermbackerswerehardtofind”,可以看出红外线扫描技术应用于农业遇到了一些问题,原因有两个:
一是农民对新技术的抵制,二是难以找到长期赞助商。
文章中还有一处明显的提示出现在最后一句:
“ButonlyifPaleyfindsthefinancialbackingwhichhefailedtoobtain10yearsago”.从该句提供的信息同样可以反推出10年前的情形,所以选项C正确。
5.B 细节理解题。
依据文章第三段“Butwiththerenewedconcernaboutpesticidesonproduce,andrefinementsininfraredscanning,Paleyhopestogetbackintooperation.”可知B项(出于对杀虫剂过度使用的担心)符合题意。
(二)【文章大意】本文为说明文,主要介绍威尼斯引以为豪的古建筑正承受着来自人类与大自然的双重威胁。
1.D 逻辑推理题。
根据第一段“butinVeniceverynearlyeverythingisremarkable,fromthemagnificentPiazzaSanMarco(St.Mark'sSquare)andthepalacesthatlinetheGrandCanaltothecenturiesoldhomesofsimplefishermen.”可判断威尼斯以它杰出的古建筑而闻名,故选D。
2.A 细节理解题。
根据第一段“Itwouldbeeasytosaythatthecityitselfisanenormousmuseumifitwerenotforthefactitissoobviouslyalive.”可推断作者认为威尼斯是巨大的博物馆,故选A。
3.A 细节理解题。
根据第三段“...thewashproducedbytheconstantlyincreasingnumberofmotorboatsthatspeedupanddownthecanals.”可判断选A。
4.D 细节理解题。
根据第四段“AfurtherthreattoVenicecomesfromtheVenetiansthemselves...”可知人为因素比自然因素对威
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