图表描述英文表达.ppt
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图表描述英文表达.ppt
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DescribingandAnalysingGRAPHSANDCHARTS,Graphs&charts,PiechartBarchart(histogram)TableLinechart(graph),BECHigherWritingTest:
PartOne,BECHigher(the3rdversion)P44:
ExamformatApproach,DESCRIBINGGRAPHSANDCHARTS:
PieCharts,Piechartsarerelativelystraightforwardastheyonlyusuallyhaveafewsectionsthoughthisisnotalwaysthecase.Youneedtodescribethesegmentsandtheirvalues.Ifthereareverymanythenjustdescribetheonesthatarethemostsignificant.Thevaluesareoftenexpressedinpercentagesbutnotalwayssobecarefulwhatscaleyouareusing.,ThispiechartshowsthepercentagesofdifferenttypesofenergyconsumedintheUSin2007.Mostoftheenergy,39.24%,camefrompetroleum.Thenextlargestsourceofenergyis.Itisinterestingtonotethatrenewableenergy,whichishealthierfortheenvironmentandsustainable,accountsforthesmallestpercentoftheconsumption.,BarCharts,Hopefullyyouwillhavedescribedthetitleofthebarchartinyourintroductionsoyoucangostraightintothedescription.Basically,withabarchart,youneedtodescribethebarsandtheirvalues.Whendescribingabarchartyoufirsthavetodecideinwhatordertodescribethebars,highestvaluetolowestvalueorlowestvaluetohighestvalue.Itmaybeamixtureofthis.Ifthereareverymanybars,youcansometimesgrouptogetherfordescription1or2or3barswhichhavesimilarorthesamevalues.Ifthereareverymanyandyoucantgroupthem,thenjustdescribetheonesthatarethemostsignificant.,Tables,Thesecansometimesbetrickyastheyprovidealotofinformationanditisoftenawkwardanddifficulttodescribeeverypieceofinformation.Youhavetodecideanddescribethevaluesandsectionsthatarethemostsignificant.,Linegraph,ThefunctionofalinegraphistodescribeaTREND.Youthereforeshouldtryanddescribethetrendinit.Iftherearemanylinesinthegraph(s),thenjustgenerallydescribethetrend.Ifthereisonlyoneortwo,thenusemoredetail.So,describethemovementoftheline(s)ofthegraphgivingnumericaldetailattheimportantpointsoftheline.,Todescribethemovement,thereissomelanguagewhichwillalwaysbeuseful.Thereisalistofwords/phrasesyoucanuse.Asyouwillsee,thereareanumberofwordswhicharesimilarinmeaning.Thismeansthatyouwillbeabletouseavarietyofvocabularywhichgivesagoodimpressiontotheexaminerwhowillreadandmarkyourwriting.Thewordsbelowareparticularlyusefulforlinegraphsbuttheycanalsobeusedwhereappropriatetodescribetheothertypesofgraph.,Vocabulary:
ExpressingtheMovementofaLine,Increase;rise;climb;boom;goup;grow;double;triple;gain;jump;soar;surge;rocket;leap;accelerate;shootup;peak;summit,recover,improve,reach;leveloffDecrease;descend;fall;godown,slide;slip;decline;reduce;drop;dip;shrink;dwindle;behalved;tumble;plummet;plunge;collapse;slump;diminish;bottomoutFluctuate,vary,upward/downwardtrendRemainstable(at);Remainsteady(at);Stay(at);Stayconstant(at);Maintainthesamelevel,Adjectives&Adverbs,Dramatic,dramatically;Sharp,sharply;Huge,hugely;Enormous,enormously;Steep,steeply;Substantial,substantially;Considerable,considerably;Significant,significantly;Marked,markedly;Moderate,moderately;Slight,slightly;Minimal,minimally;Rapid,rapidly;Quick,quickly;Swift,swiftly;Sudden,suddenly;Steady,steadily;Gradual,gradually;Slow,slowly;Small;heavily,stable,general,smoothly,Someusefulsentences,1.Thetableshowsthechangesinthenumberof.overtheperiodfrom.to.该表格描述了在.年之.年间.数量的变化.2.Thebarchartillustratesthat.该柱状图展示了.3.Thegraphprovidessomeinterestingdataregarding.该图为我们提供了有关.有趣数据.4.Thediagramshows(that).该图向我们展示了.5.Thepiegraphdepicts(that).该圆形图揭示了.6.Thisisacuregraphwhichdescribesthetrendof.这个曲线图描述了.的趋势.,7.Thefigures/statisticsshow(that).数据(字)表明.8.Thetreediagramrevealshow.该树型图向我们揭示了如何.9.Thedata/statistics/figuresleadustotheconclusionthat.这些数据资料令我们得出结论.10.Asisshown/demonstrated/exhibitedinthediagram/graph/chart/table.如图所示.11.Accordingtothechart/figures.根据这些表(数字).12.Asisshowninthetable.如表格所示.13.Ascanbeseenfromthediagram,greatchangeshavetakenplacein.从图中可以看出,.发生了巨大变化.,14.Fromthetable/chart/diagram/figure,wecanseeclearlythat.oritisclear/apparentfromthechartthat.从图表我们可以很清楚(明显)看到.15.Thistableshowsthechangingproportionofa&bfrom.to.该表格描述了.年到.年间a与b的比例关系.16.Thegraph,showsthegeneraltrendin.该图描述了.总的趋势.17.Ascanbeseenfromthegraph,thetwocurvesshowthefluctuationof.如图所示,两条曲线描述了.的波动情况.18.Overtheperiodfrom.to.the.remainedlevel.在.至.期间.基本不变.19.Intheyearbetween.and.在.年到.期间.20.Inthe3yearsspanningfrom1995through1998.1995年至1998三年里.21.Fromthenon/fromthistimeonwards.从那时起.22.Thenumberof.remainedsteady/stablefrom(month/year)to(month/year).月(年)至.月(年).的数量基本不变.,23.Thenumbersharplywentupto.数字急剧上升至.24.Thepercentageof.stayedthesamebetween.and.至.期间.的比率维持不变.25.Thefigurespeakedat.in(month/year).数目在.月(年)达到顶点,为.26.Thepercentageremainedsteadyat.比率维持在.27.Thepercentageof.isslightlylarger/smallerthanthatof.的比例比.的比例略高(低).28.Thereisnotagreatdealofdifferencebetween.and.与.的区别不大.29.Thegraphsshowathreefoldincreaseinthenumberof.该图表表明.的数目增长了三倍.30.decreasedyearbyyearwhile.increasedsteadily.逐年减少,而.逐步上升.,31.Thesituationreachedapeak(ahighpointat)of%.的情况(局势)到达顶(高)点,为.百分点.32.Thefigures/situationbottomedoutin.数字(情况)在.达到底部.33.Thefiguresreachedthebottom/alowpoint/hitatrough.低谷期数字(情况)达到底部(低谷).34.Ais.timesasmuch/manyasb.a是b的.倍.35.Aincreasedby.a增长了.36.Aincreasedto.a增长到.37.high/low/great/small/percentage.比低高(低)38.Thereisanupwardtrendinthenumberof.数字呈上升趋势.,39.Aconsiderableincrease/decreaseoccurredfrom.to.到.发生急剧上升.40.from.to.therateofdecreaseslowsdown.从.到.,下降速率减慢.41.fromthisyearon,therewasagradualdeclinereductioninthe.,reachingafigureof.从这年起,.逐渐下降至.42.besimilarto.与.相似43.bethesameas.与.相同44.Therearealotofsimilarities/differencesbetween.and.与.之间有许多相似(不同)之处45.Ahassomethingincommonwithba与b有共同之处.46.ThedifferencebetweenAandBliesin.a与b之间的差别在于.47.(year)witnessed/sawasharprisein.年.急剧上升,Letsdefinethevariouspartsofalinegraph.,Title:
Thetitleofthelinegraphtellsuswhatthegraphisabout.Labels:
Thehorizontallabelacrossthebottomandtheverticallabelalongthesidetellsuswhatkindsoffactsarelisted.Scales:
Thehorizontalscaleacrossthebottomandtheverticalscalealongthesidetellushowmuchorhowmany.Points:
Thepointsordotsonthegraphshowusthefacts.Lines:
Thelinesconnectingthepointsgiveestimatesofthevaluesbetweenthepoints.,KEYSKILL1:
Askingandansweringquestionsaboutgraphs,Nowthatwearefamiliarwiththepartsofalinegraph,wecananswersomequestionsabouteachgraph.1.Whatisthetitleofthislinegraph?
2.Whatistherangeofvaluesonthehorizontalscale?
3.Whatistherangeofvaluesontheverticalscale?
4.Howmanypointsareinthegraph?
5.Whatwasthelowestandwhatwasthehighestpoint?
6.Atwhatpointdidthedatariseorfall?
QUESTION1.Whatisthelinegraphabout?
2.Whatisthebusiesttimeofdayatthestore?
3.Atwhattimedoesbusinessstarttoslowdown?
4.Howmanypeopleareinthestorewhenitopens?
5.Abouthowmanypeopleareinthestoreat2:
30pm?
6.Whatwasthegreatestnumberofpeopleinthestore?
7.Whatwastheleastnumberofpeopleinthestore?
QUESTION1.Whatisthelinegraphabout?
2.Atwhatagedoteenshavethegreatestnumbercellphones?
3.Atwhatagedoteenshavetheleastnumberofcellphones?
4.Whatwasthegreatestnumberofcellphonesatanyage?
5.Whatwastheleastnumberofcellphonesatanyage?
KEYSKILL2:
makenotes,Studythegraph(s)anddecidewhatgeneraltrendstheyshowandwhatyoucanconcludefromthese.Makeshortnotesonwhatyouaregoingtosay.,Makebriefnotes:
P44,Steadyriseinthenumberofcarsandpopulationovertheperiod1980to2020Thepopulationmoreorlessdoublestonearly8billionTheprobableconsequencesarealotmorecongestionandpollution,从1830年到1950年,芝加哥的人口显著增加。
在1950年达到高峰,人口约360万人。
1950年至1990年的人口稳步下降。
1990年至2000年有轻微上升至约290万人。
From1830to1950thepopulationofChicagoincreasedsignificantly.Thepopulationpeakedin1950atapproximately3.6millionpeople.Between1950and1990thepopulationdecreasedsteadily.Between1990and2000therewasaslightincreasebacktoapproximately2.9millionpeople.,Thisgraphshowsthatafter1997theaveragelevelofLakeMichigandecreasedsignificantly.Thelevelstartedoffin1988at176.6metersandremainedroughlyconstantuntilitpeakedto177metersin1997.Afterthatitdecreasedsharplyuntil2001,whenitwasapproximately176meters.Forthenextfiveyearsitslightlyincreasedonaverage.,GeneralupwardtrendfromJunetoDecemberin1998PeakedinJanuary,1999fallbacktotheDecemberlevelgaininFebruaryFluctuatefromMarchtoMayPeakedagainattheendofMay,butthenitcollapsedquickly.,SharepricesofIBMandAmericaOnlineoveratwelve-monthperiod.(June1998-1999),JUN,Jul,25,50,75,100,125,150,175,$200,Aug,Sep,Dec,Jan,Jun,Mar,AgeneralupwardtrendfromJuneuntiltheendof1998Dropalittleinthelastmonthof1998AOLsharescontinuedtorisesteadilyandreachapeakinAprilIBMsharesfellslightlyuntilMarchByMarchbothshareswereworthabout$100Afterthepeak,AOLsharescollapsedtojustover$100pershareIBMsharesmadeasteadyrecoveryfromApriltoJun,finishingatjustover$100,almostequaltoAOL,ThesharepricesofbothIBMandAOLshowedageneralupwardtrendfromJuneuntiltheendof1998.However,whileAOLsharesthencontinuedtorisesteadilyoverthenextthreemonths,thepriceofIBMsharesfellslightly.ByMarch1999bothshareswereworthabout$100.AOLsharesthenshotup,almostdoublinginvaluewithinfourweeks.Theyreachedahighof$180inmid-Aprilbeforecollapsingtoj
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