杂烩.docx
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杂烩.docx
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杂烩
关于“休息”的一些短语
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gaichi
在英语学习过程中,不少同学反映俚语和俗语较难掌握,下面有一些关于“休息”、“放松”的俚语,归纳出来以供参考。
1、takeanap:
tosleep(usuallyforashorttime)
also:
takeasnooze
eg.Everyafternoonmyoldgrandpatakesanaponhisreclinerforanhour.
2、takeabreak:
torestbystoppingworkorplay
also:
takeabreather
eg.We'vebeenhavingtwoclassesthismorning.Let'stakeabreak.
3、havefreetime:
tohavelittleornoworktodo,tohaveextratime
also:
havetimeonone'shands,havetimetokill
eg.WheneverMissGreenhasfreetime,shegoestothegardenandlookaftertheflowers.
4、passthetime:
tospendtime(usuallyrelaxing)
also:
whileaway
eg.Ourflightwasdelayedondeparture,sowepassedthetimeplayingcards.
5、loosenup:
tobecomemorerelaxed,tobecomeinformal
also:
letone'shairdown
eg.Whyareyoualwayssoserious?
Youshouldtrytoloosenupalittle.
6、takeiteasy:
torelax,remaincalm,nottoworksohard
eg.Takeiteasyandtellmewhathashappened.
7、daydream:
tothinkaboutsomethingnotrelatedtowhatishappeningatthatmoment
eg.Tommysatathisdeskanddaydreamedaboutplayingwithhisdoginthegarden
英语中的“大专院校”
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英语中的“大专院校”
在英语中,可以用来表示“大专院校”的词语有好几个,它们分别是university,college,institute,academy和school。
它们之间有何异同呢?
1、university指综合性大学,如BeijingUniversity北京大学,OxfordUniversity牛津大学等。
2、college有几个意思。
一是表示大学的总称,如"Iamgoingtocollege."二是表示比university小的大学,即独立的学院,如:
GuangzhouTeachersCollege广州师范学院。
三是指university内的分院。
3、institute多指专科性学院,如:
GuangzhouEngineerInstitute广州工学院,GuangzhouPhysicalCulturalInstitute广州体育学院等。
4、academy指军事、艺术学校或院校,如:
GuangzhouAcademyofFineArts广州美术学院等。
5、school除了用来指大学里面的学院、系、研究所外,主要用来表示学校的总称,指从小学到大学以下的各级各类学校,如:
vocationalschool职业学校,specializedmiddleschool中等专业学校等
很少有人会说的十种蔬菜
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1.broccolin.[植]甘蓝;花椰菜
就是俗话说的绿菜花,学名是花椰菜。
白色的菜花是cauliflower;卷心菜是cabbage,洋白菜的学名,这可是在市场上随处可见的品种了吧。
2.asparagusn.[植]芦笋。
经常能在菜市场或是餐馆里见到这种菜,绿色的茎状物,我印象最深的是在全聚德烤鸭店吃的“鲍贝龙须”,龙须指的就是芦笋。
3.celeryn.[植]芹菜
就算前两种不是很熟悉,这种总算吃过吧
4.beansproutn.豆芽,豆芽菜
中国常吃的一种菜,是一个合成词,bean是豆子的意思,sprout则是苗、芽的意思。
5.taron.芋头
芋头是一种产于亚洲热带地区的被广泛种植的植物,很常见吧,也很好吃。
6.eggplantn.茄子
也许是因为茄子长的象鸡蛋,所以才叫这个名字的,可千万别当“蛋菜”翻译啊。
还有一种写法是aubergine,看起来麻烦了一点,这个词还有象茄子般的紫色的意思。
7.white[wax]gourdn.冬瓜
这个谁敢说没吃过?
不过没有一个专门的单词形容它,仿佛是不公平了些,由于它产于中国,所以只能用两个词形容了,gourd是葫芦的意思,希望下次你吃冬瓜的时候不要有什么心理障碍哦!
类似的还有:
theSpanishgourd南瓜;thesponge[towel]gourd丝瓜
8.lavern.紫菜
吃馄钝时常放的调味用的菜品,虽然生于海里,是藻类,但也应该算是“菜”了吧。
9.marrown.西葫芦
长长圆圆的东西,很向茄子的形状。
10.lettucen.莴苣
美国的吃喝名词
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美国的酒大致可分为啤酒、鸡尾酒、威士忌和葡萄酒。
啤酒有淡啤酒和啤酒之别;包装采用瓶装、听装和壶装。
鸡尾酒和“混合饮料”含有很浓的酒精成分,饮用方式一般有加冰和不加冰两种,其配制方式各种各样。
威士忌也是一种烈性酒,而且呈油状,分为黑麦威士忌和苏格兰威士忌。
葡萄酒分为红、白两种,但值得注意的是:
标有“Chablis”商
标的葡萄酒并非法国所产的无甜味的白葡萄酒,而是美国加利弗尼亚州生产的白葡萄酒,该酒在美国享有盛誉。
Beer
Americanbeer,withveryfewexceptions,variesfromthemediocre(普通的)totheterrible.TherearenotmanytypesofbeerintheUS—'light'and'dark'aretwotermscommonlyused.
Itisthereforenormaltoorderbeersimplybybrandname.Inarestaurant,infact,itisquiteallrighttoorder'abeer',andtheywilltellyouwhattheyhave.
Itisnotnecessary,either,tospecifyquantitywhenorderingbeer.Ifitcomesinbottlesorcans,youwillgetabottleorcan,andifit's'ontap'(可以随时取用的)youwillgetaglass,unlessyouordera'pitcher'(有嘴和柄的大酒罐i.e.ajug).Thelatterisveryconvenientthingtodo,sinceyoucanthentakethejugandglassestoyourtableandkeepfillingupwithoutgoingbacktothebar.(Itisharder,however,toknowhowmuchyouhavedrunk.)
Somebeercomesinbottleswithtopsthatlookasiftheyneedanopener,butyoucan,infact,screw(拧开)themoffbyhand—thoughyouhavetobeverycarefulnottohurtyourself.Itispossible,insomestoresandbars,tofindawideselectionofbeerfromallovertheworld,especiallyWesternEuropeandAustralia,anditisgoodfuntoexperimentwiththese.
Cocktails
Cocktailsand'mixeddrinks'aremuchmorepopularandratherstrongerintheUSAthaninEurope,andvisitorsmaynotbefamiliarwithsomeoftheterminology(术语).'Ontherocks',asyouprobablyknow,meanswithice,while'straightup'or'up'meansneatandwithoutice.
Therearehundredsofdifferentcocktails,andthereisnospaceheretolistallthedifferentnames.
TheHardStuff
InAmerica'whiskey'meansbourbon(一种烈性威士忌酒,最初为美国肯塔基州Bourbon地区所产)unlessotherwiseindicated.Bourbonisaratheroilyspiritmadefrommaize(玉米).Rye(黑麦威士忌酒)whiskeyiscalled'rye'andScotchwhiskey'Scotch'.
Wine
Inbarswinecanoftenbeboughtbytheglass.Don'tbemisledbynamessuchas'Chablis'isusedtorefertowhitewine,and'Burgundy'tored—AmericansseemnevertohaveheardofwhiteBurgundy..
中国菜着重色、香、味,西餐讲究实惠。
初到美国餐馆用餐,应该注意如下事项:
1)选择合适的餐馆(如:
家庭式餐馆、特色餐馆以及自助式餐馆等);
2)餐馆营业时间(上午11:
30开门营业,直到夜晚);
3)一般都应事先预订餐位:
4)到达餐馆后,不能径直地到餐桌旁入桌,除非餐厅有“随意就坐”的告示;
5)付款时,别忘了留给服务员一定比例的小费(一般为实际总额的10%~15%)。
EatingoutisoneofthejoyofbeingintheUSA.Thefoodisusuallygoodandoftenexcellent;thepricesarereasonable;andtheserviceismostlyfine.
ChoosingaRestaurant选择餐馆
Somerestaurantsareopenforbreakfast;othersareopentwenty-fourhoursaday.Anumberofrestaurantscallthemselves'familyrestaurants'.Manyoftheseservenoalcoholandhavefairlyrestrictedmenuswhichincludesteaks,hamburgers,omelettes(炒蛋)andsandwiches,andallareatveryreasonableprices.Theymayalsoservesmallerandcheaperchildren'sportios(份餐).NotethatmanyAmericanrestaurantsare'speciatly'restaurants.Theymayserveonly,ormainly,steaks,seafood,etc.
WhentoEat供餐时间
Manyrestaurants,especiallythemoreexpensiveones,openatabout11:
30a.m.(midday,ratherthan1p.m.,isthemostnormaltimeforlunchintheUSA),andsomeremainopenuntiltheevening,soitispossibletoorderamealthroughouttheafternoon.
Inmanyareasitisusualforpeopletoleaveworkandgooutforaneveningmealat5p.m.or6p.m.,thanwaitinguntillater.
ReservingaTable预订餐位
EatingoutisratherpopularintheUSA.Anditisoftennecessarytomakeareservation.Youwillsometimesseeshortqueuesofpeoplewaitingfortablesatrestaurants-it'smorepleasanttowaitinthebar,ofcourse,ifthereisone-buttherequeuesmorequickly.
ArrivingatRestaurant到达餐馆
Whenyouarriveatmostrestaurant,youshouldnotjustgoinandsitdown-unlessyouseeasignsaying'Pleaseseatyourself'.Usuallyyouwillhavetowaitfora'hostess'or'captain'(领班)toescort(陪同)youtoatable.Oftentherewillbeasignthatreads'Pleasewaittobeseated'.
Donotexpecttoshareatablewithotherparties,eveniftherestaurantiscrowed.Itjustisn'tdone.
Manyrestauranthaveano-smokingsection,insomeplacebylows.
OneexcellentAmericancustomisthatafteryouhavesatdownyourwaiterorwaitresswilloftenbringyouaglassorwater(withicenaturally)andwillkeeponrefillingitthroughoutthemeal.(MostAmericanareincapableofeatingamealwithoutdrinkingsomethingatthesametime.)
Whenyourwaiterorwaitresstakesyourorder,itisnotverynormalforonepersontoorderforthewholetable.Eachpersonordersseparately,exceptinthemostexpensiverestaurants.
Summoningawaiter召唤侍者
Youmayfindyourwaiterunusuallyfriendly.Hemayaskyouhowyouare(You'resupposedjusttosay'Fine'),inquirewhetheryouhaveagooddayand,lateronsaythathehopesyouwillenjoyyourmeal.
TosummonawaiterinaAmericanrestaurantyoumaycall'Bill',or'Mary',or'Claude',orwhatever.Waitersandwaitressesoftenactuallyintroducethemselveswhentheyfirstcometoyourtableorwearnametags,youarepermittedtousetheirfirstnames.
PayingtheBill付款
Thebill(oftencalledthe'check')comesusuallywithtaxaddedbutnoservicechare-thoughsomerestaurantdonowaddaservicecharge.Theetiquette(规矩)bookssaythatyoushouldleaveatenpercenttip(小费)forlunch,fifteenpercentfordinner.Thetipshouldbecalculatedonthebasisofthetotalbeforetheadditionoftax.
Atmanyrestaurantyoucanaskthewaitertobringthebillandthanpayatacashdeskonthewayout.
美国人吃午餐和吃晚餐之前通常要喝点鸡尾酒,但在加利福尼亚州,人们大都喝葡萄酒。
吃主食之前,一般都要吃一盘色拉。
炸磨茹和炸洋葱圈可作为开胃食品,牛排、猪排和鸡(腿)为主食,龙虾、贝壳类动物以及各种鱼类甚至包括淡水鱼被统称为海鲜。
炸土豆条是深受人们喜爱而且几乎成了必不可少的食物。
另外应特别注意的一点,如有吃剩的食物,一定要打包带回家,以免浪费。
Cocktail鸡尾酒
ItisquiteusualtodrinkcocktailsbeforelunchanddinnerinAmericaandsomewhatlessusual,exceptinCalifornia,todrinkwinewithameal.Youcaneitherhaveacocktailinthebar,ifthereisone,whileyouwaitforatableorforfriends,oryoucanhaveoneservedbeforeyourdinnercomes.Atsomerestaurantsthewaiter/waitresswillcometoyourtableassoonasyousitdowntoaskifyouwantacocktail,andyoucanthendrinkthiswhiledecidingwhattoordertoeat.Atothers,theremaybeaseparatecocktailwaiterorwaitress.Inthiscase,youdonotnormallyorderwinefromhimorherbutfromthenormalwaiter-orthewinewaiteristhereisone.
DonothesitatetoorderCalifornianwines.Theycanbeexcellentandinmanypartsofthecountryarecheap.
Salad 色拉
Itisusualtohaveasaladwithyourmeal,andaseparateplateisprovidedforthispurpose.ThenormalpracticeinAmericaistoeatthesaladbeforethemaincourse.AwonderfulAmericaninventionisthesaladbar.Inrestaurantsthathavethesesaladbarsthewaiterdoesnotbringyoursalad.Yougotothesaladbarandhelpyourself,usuallytoasmuchasyouwant.Thisisnormallydoneafteryouhaveorderedyourmeal;youeatthesaladwhilethemaincourseisbeingcooked.
ChoosingfromtheMenu 选菜
Americanmenuscan
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