lesson7 text analysis.docx
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lesson7 text analysis.docx
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lesson7textanalysis
Lesson7textanalysis
Pre-readingquestions
1.Doyoutalktostrangerswhiletravelingonthetrain?
2.Doyouoftenconcealyouridentitywhiletraveling?
Whyorwhynot?
Introductiontobackgroundknowledge
1.totheauthor
LookatNote1.
2.tothetext
ThetextdescribesaninterestingconversationthattakesplaceinatrainbetweentwoEnglishmen.Itschiefmeritisthequickwitdisplayedbybothparties,andthecharmoftheEnglishlanguageusedintheverbalfencing.
Themeofthetext
Abattleofwitsbetweentwomindsiswell-presentedthroughverbalfencingandquickwit.
Structureofthetext
Narration
Generalanalysis
Plot:
aninterestingconversationbetweentwoEnglishmen.
Setting:
amovingtrain
Protagonists:
Mr.Harraby-RibsonandMr.Crowther.
Part1:
paragragh1-2Mr.Harraby-Ribsontossedhissuitcaseoutofthemovingtrainandtheincidentproduceddifferentresponseintheirminds.
Part2:
para3-21Anexchangeofwordsandwitsbetweenthetwointhefirstround
Part3para.22-47theverbalfencingfullofquickwitscontinuing
Detailedanalysisofthetext
Para.1:
1.Thetrainwasaboutthree-quartersofanhour…threwitoutofthewindow.
Atagoodsixtymilesanhour:
atleast60miles,perhapsmore;
过去进行时,when+过去时表上后面的动作突然发生;aprosperousbusinessmanisusedasappositiveofMr.Harraby-Ribson;随后的三个动词短语表示三个迅速连贯的动作,构成了parallelism.
Paraphrase:
Thetrainwasabout45minutesfromitsdestinationanditwastravelingataspeedifaboutsixtymilesanhour.Thensuddenly,Mr.Harraby-Ribson,aprosperousbusinessman,gotupfromhisseat,tookhissuitcasedownfromthebaggageholderandthrewitoutofthewindow.
2.Theonlyotheroccupantofthecarriage…occurrence.
Occupant:
someonewhoisinaroom,vehicle,etc.ataparticulartime;
AMr.Crowther做同位语,当不定冠词用在人名前时,表示说话人不认识这个人,意为:
一个叫…的人例如:
AMr.Smithwishestospeaktoyouonthephone.一个叫史密斯的人打电话找你;
Companion:
sb.youspendtimewithoraretravelingwith.Traveling~旅伴
Company:
thestateofhavingotherpeoplewithyou,usu.Pleasant.
E.g.Ienjoyyourcompany.
hadnoticedtheoccurrence:
hadnoticedwhathadhappened.
3.Thenthetwomenexchangedasharpglanceandimmediately…extertion.
Thenthetwomenlookedateachotherbrieflyandseverely.
Noticethat“tolooksharply”usuallyhasthemeaningoflookinginacriticaldisapprovalway.Butherenoemotionofanykindisrevealed.
Resumedhisseat:
wentbacktohisseat;satdownagain.
Puffing:
breathingquicklyandwithdifficultyafterrunningorcarryingheavyleads,etc.
Asaresultofhisexertion:
becausehehadmadesuchaneffort.
Heightenedcolormeansthathisfacelookedredder.
Paraphrase:
Thenthetwomenlookedateachotherbriefly.ThenMr.Crowthercontinuedhisreadingimmediately,whileMr.Harraby0Ribsonwentbackthisseatandrestforawhile,withquickbreathingandincreasedcoloronhisfacefortheefforthehadjustmade
这一句中写出了两个人对视后的不同动作,表示出了两个人不同的心理状态。
4.Mr.Crowther’sglancehadbetrayednotthesmallestemotion.
Mr.Crowther’squicklookdidnotshowanyfeelings.Hedidnotshowanysurpriseorevenanyinterest.
Tobetray:
toshowfeelingsyouaretryingtohide.流露;显露
5.Butnoconversationhadfollowedand,thatbeingso…allsortsoftroublesomeandhumiliatingenquirieswouldfollow.
Thatbeingso:
seenotetothetext.
Tomakefoolofsb.:
tomakesb.Lookstupid
Intheeyesof:
intheopinionsof;inthejudgmentof
Intheeventof:
inthecaseof倘若;万一
Accordingtothetreaty,thetwocountrieswillfighttogetherintheeventofthewar.
Noticetherelativepronoun“which”standsforthewholesituationstatedinthat-clause.
此句中充分的描述了Ribson的丰富的心理活动,有一定的幽默效果。
6.Suchwerethethoughtsthatbuzzedround….thatwerehisdue.
Tobuzzaround:
tomovearoundquicklywithasoundlikethebuzzingofabee.
Torobsb.ofsth.:
totakeawaysththatbelongstosb.
Refreshment:
(here)theexperienceofbeingmadetofeellesstiredandbored.
One’sdue:
somethingonedeserves.
E.g.Ijustwanttotakewhatismydue.Notapennymore.
Paraphrase:
ThesethoughtsweremovingaroundquicklyinMr.Harraby-Ribston’smind,andtheytookawayhishopethathisactionwouldgivehimaninterestingconversation,whichhethoughthedeserved.
Paragraph2
7.Forallhisappearanceofindifference,thesightofawell-to-dogentlemanpitchingasuitcasefromthewindowofamovingtrainhadsurprisedhimverymuch.
Forallhisappearanceofinfluence:
althoughhepretendedtobeindifferent:
Inspiteofhisappearanceofindifferences.
Thesightofsbdoingsthisthecomplexobjectoftheprepositionof
e.g.Iwasdeeplydisturbedbythesightofhisleavingwithoutpermission.
SuddenlyIheardthesoundofwatergurgling.
Suddenlysheheardthesoundofthedooropening.
8.Thefellowwasobviouslycountingonhimforaviolentreaction,soMr.Crowthermadeapointofnotreacting.
Tomakeapointofdoingsth.因必要或重要保证做,必定做
e.g.Pleasemakeapointofcallingmeafteryourtest.
你考完试请务必打电话给我。
Buthereitmeanstodosthdeliberatelysothatpeoplecannotice.
e.g.Healwaysmakesapointoflettingpeopleknowthatheisaprofessor.
Paraphrase:
Themanwasclearlyexpectinghimtoreactviolently,andthereforeMr.Crowtherdeliberatelydecidednottoreact,becausehedidnotwanttogivethemanthissatisfaction,
Paragraph3
9.Mr.Crowtherraisedalanguideyefromhisbook….
Languid:
lazilyslow
Mr.Crowthercontinuedtopretendindifference.Healsodeliberatelypretendednottounderstandthequestionputtohim.HeknewperfectlywellofcoursethatMr.Harraby-Ribstonwasnotreferringtohisreading.
Paragraph5
10.Whatsurprisesmeisthatyouweren’tsurprised…
Mr.Harraby-Ribstonwasplayingwiththeword“surprise”here.Thisiscalled“pun”or“playonwords”.即双关语或者文字游戏。
这种文字游戏往往有以下几种使用方法:
1利用同一个词的不同意思。
Wemustallhangtogetherorweshallallhangseparately.我们必须团结在一起,否则我们会一个个被绞死。
2利用同一个词的同一个意思
I’mhappytoseethatyouarehappy
3利用不同词的相近发音
Sevendayswithoutwatermakesoneweak(week).
Longtimenosea.
此句表现出Ribston是一个很机智的人,和对手玩起了文字游戏。
11.Idon'tknowaboutthat.Surely,surely,mydearsir,itwas,tosaytheleastofit,anunusualsight.
Idon’tknowaboutthat:
usedtoshowyouslightlydisagreewithwhattheotherpersonhasjustsaid.
Surely:
usedtoshowthatyouthinksthmustbetrueesp.whenotherpeopleseemtobedisagreeingwithyou.
Paraphrase:
Idon’tknowwhetherIameasilysurprised,butitwasreallyanunusualsight.
Para.8
12.Mr.Crowtherreflected.,,,forthatmatter.
Toreflect:
tothinkcarefullyaboutsth.
Tothebestofmyreflection:
(formal)asfarasIcanremember.
NoticethatMr.CrowtherisdeliberatelycomparinghepitchingofthesuitcaseoutofthewindowwiththeeatingofarawturniptomakeMr.Harraby-Ribston’sactionappearchildishandsilly.
Or…forthatmatter:
usedtosaywhatyouaresayingaboutisalsotrueaboutsthelse.就此而言;在这方面.
e.g.Idon’tlikeitmuch,nordidthekids,forthatmatter.我不喜欢它,孩子们也同样不喜欢。
13.Ifoneallowedoneselftobesurprisedatanything,howeverinsignificant,one’swholelifewouldconsistofaseriesoftrivialastonishments.
Howeverinsignificant:
nomatterhowinsignificant.
NoticehowMr.Crowtherdeliberatelyusedthewords“insignificant”and“trivial”toslightMr.Harraby-Ribston.
Paragraph16
14.Onlyinsofarastheyaffectmine.
Insofaras:
tothedegreethat.到…程度;在….范围
That’sthetruth,insofarasIknowit.据我所知,那是真实情况。
Paraphrase:
onlytothedegreethattheyaffectmine.
Para.17
15.couldhardlyhavefailedtaffectsomewhat…
Hardly…failtodo双重否定
Para.21
16.Notifitwouldn’tinterestyou,though,Imustsay,Ifindithardtobelievethatanyonecouldfailtobeinterested.
It形式宾语,这句话反映出他想要向对方解释原因,可又故意卖关子,想要引起对方兴趣,却不肯主动诉说的矛盾心情。
Paraphrase:
IcanhardlybelievethatanyoneshouldnotbeinterestedinfindingoutwhyIthrewthesuitcaseoutofthewindow.ButIamnotanxioustotellyouifyouarenotinterested.
Para.23
17.Clothes,hairbrushesandsoonallhavetheirassociations,andassociationsarepreciselywhatIwanttoberidof.Hencemyratherunusualaction.
toberidofsth:
tohavegotridofsthsothatiswillnorbotheryouanymore.
Paraphrase:
clothes,hairbrushesandsoonareallsomewhatrelatedtomymarriageandwillbringbackmemories,whichIwanttoburyforever.ThatwaswhyIthrewoutthatsuitcase.
Para.24
18.Onthecontrary,…nothingcouldbemorenatural.
Noticethatthroughouttheconversation,Mr.Crowthernevercondescendedhimselftoagreewiththeother,notonce.Hewascontradictingtheother,withaclearpurposeofoutwittingtheother.
Para.26
19.“Youseemtome,”saidMr.C,“amanmuchgiventosurprise.”
Tobegivento:
totendtodosth,esp.sthyoushouldnotdoe.g.
Sheismuchgiventogiggling.
IrememberamanIusedtoshareanapartmentwith,whowasmuchgiventodaydreaming.
NoticethatMr.Cwasrathersarcastic.
Para.27
20.“Whileyou,Itakeit,”Mr.Hsnappedback,“prideyourselfonbeingsurprisedbynothing.”
Itwasaquickretort.
Itakeit:
Isuppose
Tosnapback:
torespondquicklyandinanannoyedway.
Noticethedifferencebetweentwoexpressions:
Prideoneself(on)doingsthpride动词引以为豪,洋洋自得
Totakeaprideindoingsthpride名词以…为骄傲
e.g.
Shetakesagreatprideinkeepingherapartmentspotlesslyclean.
Heprideshimselfonhisappearance.
Para.38
21.Idon’tthinkthat…myparticularmethodwouldbequiteinyourline.
Tobesb’sline:
tobethetypeofthingsomeoneisinterestedinofgoodat
Publicspeechisnotinmyline.
Everyonethinksthatteachingisinherline.
Para.42
22.Ishouldhavesaidthatreticencewasnotyourstrongpoin
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