公共英语三级阅读理解专项试题(一)Word下载.docx
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公共英语三级阅读理解专项试题(一)Word下载.docx
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assessed.BinetwasaskedtofindamethodofselectingallchildrenintheschoolsofPariswhoshouldbetakenoutofordinaryclassesandputinspecialclassesfor
defectives.Theproblembroughthometohimtheneedforastandardofintelligence,andhehitupontheverysimpleconceptof"
mentalage"
.First,heinventedavarietyoftestsandputlargenumbersofchildrenofdifferentagesthrough
them.Hethenfoundatwhatageeachtestwaspassedbytheaverage
child.Binetarrangedthevarioustestsinorderofdifficulty,andusedthemasascalebywhichhecouldmeasureevery
individual.If,forexample,aboyagedtwelvecouldonlydoteststhatwerepassedbytheaverageboyofnine,Binetheldthathewasthreeyearsbelowaverage,andthathehadamentalageof
nine.TheconceptofmentalageprovidedBinet,andthroughhim,otherpsychologistswiththerequired
standard.Itenabledhimtostatescoresinintelligencetestsmtermsof
norm.Atfirst,itwasusualtoexpresstheresultofatestbythedifferencebetweenthe"
mental"
andthe"
chronological"
age.Thentheboyintheexamplegivenwouldbe"
threeyearsretarded"
.Soon,however,the"
mentalratio"
wasintroduced;
thatistosay,theratioofthementalagetothechronological
age.Thusaboyoftwelvewithmentalageofninehasamentalratioof0.75.Thementalagewasreplacedbytheintelligencequotientor"
I.Q"
.Clearly,sincethementalageoftheaveragechildisequaltothechronologicalage,theaverage
Q.is
100.Tojudgeachild'
sstandard,hismarksinatestmustbecomparedwithmarksgainedby______.Aothersofthesameage
BolderchildrenCyoungerchildrenDadults
【正确答案】:
A
【本题分数】:
2.0分
【答案解析】
题干中Tojudgeachild'
schildstandard是原文Toknowwhetherheisclever,average,ordull的同义转述,因此定位到第一段的最后一句话,可知要判断一个孩子智商的高低,必须把他的成绩与同年龄组的其他孩子的成绩比较,因此选[A]。
[B]、[C]、[D]与文意不符,故排除。
第2题Theexpression"
avarietyoftests"
(Line1,
Para.3)means______.AalargenumberofdifferenttestsBalargenumberofeasytestsCalargenumberofsimilartestsDalargenumberofdifficulttests
由题干定位到第三段。
第一句话提到AlfredBinet让不同年龄的孩子参加测试,第三句话接着又说Binetarrangedthevarioustestsinorderofdifficulty..,即把这些测试按难易程度排列起来。
由此可推断出avarictyof和various是同义词,avarietyoftests意思是“许多不同种类的测试”,因此选[A]。
第3题Binetusedlargenumbersofchildreninhistestsbecausehewantedtofindout______.AwhowerethebrightestBwhohaddefects
CwhatabrightchildcoulddoDastandard
D
由题干可知本题考查的是对Binet所作的各种测试的目的的判断和理解,因此可定位到第三段的倒数第二句话,andusedthemasascalebywhichhecouldmeasureeveryindividual,scale是standard同义词,此处意为“衡量人的智商的尺度或标准”,由此可见Binet让大量孩子参加测试的目的就是要找出一个衡量标准(standard)来,因此选[D]。
[A]、[B]、[C]与文意不符,故排除。
第4题Aboyofninewhois"
hasamentalageof______.AsixBnineCtwelveDthree
根据题干中的threeyearsretarded定位到第四段第四句话theboyintheexamplegiven即是第三段最后一句话中提到的十二岁的男孩,该男孩只通过了九岁孩子的测试,他的智力年龄(mentalage)是九岁,即他的智力发展晚了三年(threeyearsretarded),由此可推断出九岁男孩如果他的智力发展晚了三年,那么他的智力年龄应该是六岁,因此选[A]。
第5题Toworkoutaperson'
smentalratio,onemust______.AknowhisdateofbirthBgivehimatestCfindouthismentalage
Dknowtherelationshipbetweenhismentalagewithhischronologicalage
由题干关键词mentalratio可定位到第四段倒数第二句话Soon,however,the“mentalratio”wasintroduced;
thatistosay,theratioofthementalagetothechronologicalage.说明智力比商等于心理年龄(mentalage)与实际年龄(chronologicalage)的比率。
因此选[D]。
第6题
Whentheymarry,husbandsandwiveshavewell-developedhealthhistoriesandwell-establishedinbornanddevelopmentalhabitstowardgoodandiii
health.Substantialresearchsuggeststhat,giventheexistinghealthtendencyandhealthconditionofanindividualataparticulartime,hisorherprobabilityofbetterorworsefuturehealthisaffectedbyavarietyofsocialfactorsthataresubjecttoinfluenceoroperationbyhisorher
spouse.Spousescanaffecteachother'
shealthbydevelopingpsychological
stress.Asubstantialliteraturedevelopsstrongevidencethatpsychologicalstresscausesillness,increaseriskofdeathrate,andservesasanimportantmechanismthatlinkssocioeconomiccharacteristicstohealthanddeath
rate.Stress-reducingmechanismsincluderemovalofsourcesofstress,andmanagementofstressbytalkingaboutittoatrustedperson,psychologicaltreatment,physicalexercise,recreationandother
means.Youcangotoseeprofessionals,buttheycannotgiveasatisfactory
solution.Aspousecanprovideorencourageallofthesestress-reducing
behaviors.Spousesalsocanpromoteeachother'
shealthbyprovidingeachotherwithsupportingsocialcontact,andtheycanfacilitateorinhibiteachother'
ssocialcontactwith
others.Evidencesuggeststhathealthisgreatlyadvancedbysupportingsocialcontacts,includingpositiveinteractionwithrelatives,friends,colleaguesand
acquaintances.Recentexperimentaldatashowsthatpersonswithmorediversesocialnetworksaremoreresistanttopsychologicaldiseasesthanpersonswithlessdiversesocial
networks.Spousescanalsopromoteeachother'
shealthbyprovidingeachotherwithmoney,andtheycanhelpeachothermanagemoney
effectively.Moneydoesnotbuyhealthdirectly,butitcanbeusedtopurchasegoodsandservicesthatmakegoodhealthmore
likely.Thesegoodsandservices
includenutritiousfood,atidyandsafeenvironment,medicalcare,andpleasantthingsthatreducepsychological
stress.Unlessestrangedorunusuallywealthy,husbandsandwivesalmostalwayssharetheirfinancialresourcesandpurchaseandconsumemanyofthesehealth-promotinggoodsandservices
together.Inshort,therearemanywaysinwhichspousescaninfluenceeachother'
sprobabilityofgood
health.Moneycanmakegoodhealthbecause______.AmoneycanbuyhealthdirectlyBcouplescanmanagemoneyeffectivelyCmoneyenablescouplestobuygoodsandservicesDhusbandsandwivesshareeverything,includingmoney
C
由题干中的moneymakesgoodhealth定位到最后一段第二句Moneydoesnotbuyhealthdirectly,butitcanbeusedtopurchasegoodsandservicesthatmakegoodhealthmorelikely,钱虽然不能直接买到健康,但却可以买到能使人们保持健康所需的商品和服务,因此选[C]。
[A]与原文内容相悖,[B]原文未提及,[D]夫妻双方一切共享,包括钱,内容与问题无关,故排除。
第7题Thepassageismainlyabout______.Athewayshusbandsandwivescanpromoteeachother'
shealthBhusband'
sorwife'
sprobabilityoffuturehealthCeffectsofcouplesemploymentandhoursofworkoneachother'
shealthDhusbandandwifeinfluenceeachotherinvariousways
本题考查全文的主旨,纵观全文,大量篇幅都是在讲述夫妻间如何有效促进双方的健康。
因此选[A]。
第8题Fromparagraphone,weknowthat______.Ahusband'
sinfluenceisofvitalimportancetoeachother'
sinfluencehasnothingtodowithhealthChealthycouplewillremainhealthyaftertheirmarriageDavarietyoffactorscomingfromthesocietyinfluencecouple'
shealth
由题干可定位到第一段,该段主要讲述了大量研究表明无论夫妻婚前身体状况如何,双方将来的身体状况都会受到对方的影响,无论影响是好还是坏。
因此选[A]夫妻间的影响对相互的健康都是很重要的。
[B]夫妻间的影响与健康无关,与第一段的主题不符;
而第一段表明夫妻双方的身体状况都会受到对方的影响,可能是坏的影响,所以[C]健康的夫妻婚后仍能保持健康,与原文不符;
[D]有各种来自社会的因素影响夫妻的健康,第一段最后提及了有许多社会因素,但文中接着说这些因素受到其配偶的影响和操控,所以排除[D]。
第9题Asfarasstress-reducingmechanismisconcerned______.Astress-reducingprofessionalscanprovideallsatisfactorystress-reducingservicesBpeopledon'
twanttotellothersabouttheirproblemsexcepttheirpartnersCpeopledon'
ttelltheirhusbandsorwivestheirproblemsexceptstress-reducingprofessionalsDthehusbandorwifecanprovidemanykindsofstress-reducingbehaviors
由题于关键词stress-reducingmechanism定位到第二段的最后三句,介绍减少精神压力的方法:
与信任的人交谈,心理咨询,锻炼身体、娱乐等。
最后一句表明配偶可以提供所有这些较少精神压力的方法。
因此选[D]丈夫或妻子可以提供许多减少压力的方法。
[A]与第二段倒数第二句话不符,减压专业人士并不总能提供让人满意的服务;
人们有压力时,可能会告诉自己的伴侣,也可能去求助专业人士,因此排除[B]、[C]。
第10题Thefactorthatislikelytomakehusbandorwifeiniiihealthis______.ApositiveinteractionwithrelativesBappropriatephysicalexerciseCfewsocialnetworksDhealthyfood
根据题干和选项定位到第三段最后一句话Recentexperimentaldatashowsthatpersonswithmorediversesocialnetworksaremoreresistanttopsychologicaldiseasesthanpersonswithlessdiversesocialnetworks,意思是实验证实社会交际广的人比社会交际面窄的人更不易患心理疾病。
因此选[C]社会交际网络面不广,这种人容易患病。
而[A]积极地与亲属交往,[D]适当的身体锻炼,[D]康的食品,三个选项的内容都是有利于促进健康的,故排除。
第11题Ilongtothatclassificationofpeopleknownas
wives.Iama
wife.And,notaltogetherincidentally,Iama
mother.Nottoolongagoamalefriendofmineappearedonthescenefreshfromarecent
divorce.Hebadonechild,whois,ofcourse,withhis
exwife.Heisobviouslylookingforanother
wife.AsIthoughtabouthim
while.Iwascookingoneevening,itsuddenlyoccurredtome
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