区块链技术应用研究中英文外文文献翻译2017Word文件下载.docx
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区块链技术应用研究中英文外文文献翻译2017Word文件下载.docx
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原文
Theresearchoftheblockchaintechnologyapplication
AmandaElys
Abstract
Thedevelopmentandapplicationofblockchaintechnologyresearchhascausedthegreatattentionoftheacademiaandindustry,manypeoplethinkthatblockchaintechnologyisarevolutioninthefutureoftheInternettechnology,informationtechnologyisthegreatinnovation.
Blockchaintechnologyisthemaincharacteristicofdecentralization,wasestablishedbasedoncryptographyalgorithmisthebasisofaglobalcreditagreement.Ingeneral,blockchainisdistributedbooksbasedonInternettechnology,becausethebooksbysharingensurethebookscannotbetamperedwith.Throughtheconsensusalgorithm,soastorealize"
decentralized"
trust.Thecoreofblockchain,isaglobaldistributeddatabase,thetechnologyplatformisopenandprogrammable.
Keywords:
blockchain;
Technologicalrevolution;
application
1Introduction
Chainblockisadatastructurethatismade,thesmallestunitblockbyeachblockaccordingtothetimesequencelinkedtogether,thesmallestunitofblockisthecarrieroftradinginformation.Inordertorealizethetraceabilityandsafety,eachblockdesignhasthetimestampasmarkers,andcontainstwoparts:
onlytheheadandtheblockbody.Eachreliedontheblockheaderlinktothepreviousblock,formingachainstructure.Inthecontextofcommunicationstructure,chainblockisapoint-to-pointplanegrid,theentirenetworkwithoutseriouscentralizedstorageandcommunicationsequipment.Peerinthenetwork,eachnodestatus,butatthesametimeastheuserandtheserverinthedataupdateandverification,andsavetheparticipationofallthedataandinformation.
Trustmechanismwasestablishedbyasymmetricencryptionalgorithmandasymmetricencryptionalgorithmiscomparedwiththetraditionalsymmetricalgorithm,itscharacteristicisalsoneedtwokeys:
apublickeyandaprivatekey.Apublickeyandaprivatekeyisacombinationofapairof,eachothercandecrypt.Withthepublickeyfordataencryption,forexample,soitisonlywiththecorrespondingprivatekeycandecrypt;
Useencryptionprivatekey,soonlyinthecorrespondingpublickeycandecrypt.Blockchainofeachnodehasitsownpublickeyandprivatekey,publickeymaketheentirenetworkofnodesallusethesameencryptionanddecryptionalgorithm,whiletheprivatekeyisonlynodestheirmastery.Nodewithitsownprivatekeyencryption,sousers’usingthepublickeytodecryptandverifytheauthenticityofthedatasource.Thetechnologicalprincipleofthechaintomaketheblockchaintechnologyhasthreemainfeatures:
decentralization,traceability,scripting.
Decentralizationisreferstotheentireblockchainnetworkwithoutamandatorycommunicationstoragecenterasanintermediary,instead,flatnetworkstructure,eachpeernodestatus,havethesamecommunicationopportunity,validation,andstorage,anynodemaybeinvolvedineveryupdateandstore,soanynodeareimagecopyoftheentirenetwork,anodeoftheanomaliesdonotaffecttheoperationofthewholedatasystem,throughothernodesdataenoughtoensuresystemsafetyandsteady.Scriptingisreferstotheblockchaincansetupacontracttowritecode,systemjudgmentandexecutionofthecontractconditionstoperformitsobligationsinaccordancewiththecode,intheabsenceofastrongthird-partysupervisionefficientlyguaranteetheexecutionofthecontract.Traceabilityreferstothetimestampinthechainofblocksnotbeentamperedwith,oncetherecordsgenerated,irrevocableandunsubscribe,information,areanchoringthetradersbroughtconveniencefortradingregulation.
2Researchprogress
Since2015,blockchainappliedresearchmoreandmoreactive.Firstistosolvethecreditproblems,soastorealizetrustandtradingactivities.
Needtostressisthatthetraditionaltrustbuildingisalongprocess,suchastheestablishmentofcommercialbank'
strustisneedafteralongperiodoftimetotestandthetrustoftheverystrongendorsement,andnumericalalgorithmstogeneratecredit,directlytoavoidthetimeprocess,isakindofinnovation.Citigroup,accordingtoitsinternalchainisacombinationofthreedifferentblocksdistributedgeneralledgersystem,toexploreamoreeffectivewaytotransfervalue.IntermsofcommercialBanksandblockchainalliance,inApril2016,composedof42internationalbankblockchainalliance-R3CEVofficiallycooperatingwithMicrosoft,dedicatedtothestudyblockchaintheunderlyingtechnologyandapplicationpromotion.AndbeforethatasearlyasJanuary20,2016,issuedthefirstdistributedbooksR3CEVexperiment,andconnecttheBarclaysbank,bankofBMOfinancialgroup,creditSuisse,
commonwealthbankofAustralia,HSBC,France'
sforeigntradebank,royalbankofScotland,tdbank,UBS,aSwissbank,unaccreditedandWellsFargo11membersofthebanktoverifytheexperiment,themaincontentistheBanksintheabsenceofathirdpartytoparticipatein,throughdistributedthescripassetsonthebookstosimulatedtrading.TheexperimentoftheunderlyingframeworkistheuseoftheentericfangandMicrosoftAzureblockchainserviceBaaS.Intermsoftheofficialdigitalcurrency,governmentshavefrequently,becomethedecisivepowerofmonetaryrevolution,measurestoboostspeedisfarmorethanexpected.
ThebankofEnglandinMarch2016,announcedthereleasedigitalcurrencyRSCoincodeandtest.InApril2016,thebigfouraccountingfirmdolomiteannouncedacompleteblockofchaincanbeintegratedwiththeIrishbankingsystem,willbecompleted,takingadvantageoftheblockchaintoassistbankofIrelandinternationalinvestmentbehaviorcustomersrecommendinvestmentproductproject.
3Theapplicationofblockschain
3.1Financialindustry
EuropeandtheUnitedStatesfinancialsectoruntilearlysummer2015,realizetheblockchaintechnologyisapotentialdistributedgeneralledgersystem.Withtheuseofblockchaintechnologygraduallyupgradefromthecurrencymarket,itisincreasinglyappliedtothefinancialsector.
Atpresent,includingNasdaq,thenyse,citigroup,dozensoffinancialinstitutionstocarryouttheblockchainoffinancialinnovation.In2015,theNewYorkstockexchangeannouncedCoinbaseinvestmentcurrencytradingplatform,theGoldmansachsinvestmentCircleCOINSconsumerservicecompanies,largetradeDRWholdingslimitedliabilitycompanysubsidiarycompanyistryingtoencryptcurrencytrading.
OnDecember30,2015,theNasdaqthroughtheblockchain
platformcompletedthefirstsecuritiestrading.Nasdaq,blockchainbookshavetoshareissuetoaprivateinvestors,nottobeidentifiedbydecentralizedbookstoprovethefeasibilityofstocktrading,butnolongerneedtoanythirdpartymediationorliquidation.Normally,theNasdaqinhandlingsuchsharestrading,takesalotofinformalsystem,nowtheNasdaqtoblockchaintechnologytoreplacethepaperproofsystem.Toeverycompanyeveryequitydealinformationonblockchain,theclearataglancehowmuchandhowmanyvaluedcompanyfinancing,tradingbecomestransparent,solvetheproblemofinformationasymmetryintheoriginal,makeinvestmentdecisionsmoresimpleandefficient.OnJanuary20,2016,releasedthefirstblockchainconsortiumR3CEVdistributedbooksexperiment,usingtheentericfangandMicrosoftAzureblockchainasaservice(S)Baa,andconnectthe11membersofthebank.
TheseBankswillpassthedistributedbooksontokenstosimulatedtradingassets,withouttheneedforcentralizedthirdpartyinvolved.
3.2Otherindustries
Inadditiontothefinancialsector,blockchaintechnologycanbeusedintheInternetbusiness,opengovernmentinformation,electronicevidence,datasecurityandotherfields.Blockprovidesasetoftrade,paymentsolutions,tradingactivitiesusingthistechniquewillmakethetransactionandpaymentfaster,cheaper,safer,andeasiertouse.
3.2.1Communicationfield
Inadditiontothefieldofdigitalcurrency,istheearliestpeopleseeblockchainnewapplicationsinthefieldofcommunications.Intheaspectofcommunication,duetothelargeforceandthenumberofnodes,andabletocommunicateinawaythatisdecentralized,makestheprogramdesignideasappearverybigchange.Inthepast,whetherit'
sE-mail,SkypeorWeChat,thesetraditionalcommunicationtools,peopledesignideasareconsideringhowtosendinformationtothefastestspeedtoeachother,inallthenodestofindtheshortestorthequickestpathtocopytheinformationinthepast.Thiswaynotonlyrealizedthetransmissionofinformation,andverysafe,becausecannotbetracked,althougheveryonehasreceivedtheletter,butdon'
tknowwhohavethekeytoseethisletter.Itiswithdecentralizationandthekeytocompletethepurposeofcommunication.
3.2.2Domainmanagementfield
Traditionaldomainmanagementiscentralizedstructure,itthroughtheunifiedorganizationtocoordinate,andisoneofthebiggestinfluencethereisnodoubtthattheUnitedStates.Throughblockchaintechnology,domainnamemanagementsystemintoadistributedstructure,eachnodeinthesystemcanbecarriedoutonthedomainnameresolution,andnolongerneedthroughthecentralizedmanagement.Inthiscase,anylossofonenodewillnotcauseproblemstothedomainnamesystem.
3.2.3Notarizationfield
Useblockchainprovideauthenticationservices,toallofthefiles,documentsordatabenotarized.Itsbiggestadvantageisthatdonotdependonthenotarialcompanyprovidecredit,notarialcompanyprovidesasolution,onlythroughthissolution,canletmorepeopletofingerprintdatainformationstoredinadistributedCOINSinthechainofblocks.Atpresent,Honduras,countriessuchasGreece
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- 区块 技术 应用 研究 中英文 外文 文献 翻译 2017
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