出版自考《英语二》讲义第二章Word文件下载.docx
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出版自考《英语二》讲义第二章Word文件下载.docx
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去掉
refrigerator
n.
apieceofelectricalequipmentinwhichfoodiskeptcoldsothatitstaysfresh冰箱
grip
anact,ofholdingsomebody/somethingtightly紧握;
紧抓
slippery
difficulttoholdortostandormoveon,becauseitissmooth,wetorpolished滑的;
滑的抓不住(或站不稳,难以行走)的
content
thethingsthatarecontainedinsomething所容纳之物;
所含之物
veritable
awordusedtoemphasizethatsomebody/somethingcanbecomparedtosomebody/somethingelsethatismoreexciting,moreimpressive,etc.十足的;
名副其实的;
不折不扣的
yell
toshoutloudly,forexample,becauseyouareangry,excited,frightenedorinpain喊;
大喊;
吼叫
lecture
alongangrytalkthatsomebodygivestoonepersonoragroupofpeoplebecausetheyhavedonesomethingwrong(冗长的)教训,训斥,谴责
mess
adirtyoruntidystate肮脏;
杂乱;
不整洁
rarely
adv.
notveryoften罕有;
很少;
不常
puddle
asmallamountofwaterorotherliquid,especiallyrain,thathascollectedinoneplaceontheground水洼;
小水坑
eventually
attheendofaperiodoftimeoraseriesofevents最后;
终于
restore
tobringsomebody/somethingbacktoaformercondition,placeorposition使复原;
使复位,使复职
sponge
apieceofartificialornaturalmaterialthatissoftandlightandfullofholesandcanholdwatereasily,usedforwashingorcleaning海绵块
effectively
inawaythatproducestheintendedresultorasuccessfulresult有效的
tiny
verysmallinsizeoramount极小的;
微小的
discover
tofindoutaboutsomethingorinformationaboutsomething了解到;
认识到;
查明
grasp
totakeafirmholdofsomebody/something抓紧;
抓牢
lip
theedgeofacontainerorahollowplaceintheground(容器或凹陷地方的)边,边沿
renowned
famousandrespected有名的;
闻名的;
受尊敬的
remark
tosayorwriteacommendaboutsomething/somebody谈论;
评论
opportunity
atimewhenaparticularsituationmakesitpossibletodoorachievesomething机会;
时机
scientific
connectedwithscience科学(上)的;
关于科学的
valuable
veryusefu1很有用的;
很重要的;
宝贵的
PhrasesandExpressions
inthismanner
inthewaywhichsomethingisdoneorhappens用这种方式
set…apartfrom
tomakesomebody/somethingdifferentfromorbetterthanothers区别;
使与众不同
重点词汇讲解
eg:
Theinkspiltalloverthedesk.
墨水洒了一桌子。
Whohasspilt/spilledthemilk?
谁把牛奶泼出来了?
用法:
expressregretforsth.thathashappenedandcannotberemedied.为已经发生而无法补救的事懊悔
You'
vebrokenitnow;
it'
snousecryingoverspiltmilk!
你现在既已把它损坏了,后悔是没有用的!
Weinterviewed20peopleforthejob.
为这份工作我们对20人进行了面试。
衍生:
inter-
在…之间
internet互联网
international国际的
interview面试
-ee
动作的受动者
interviewee
personwhoisinterviewed(面试中)受审核者;
被接见者;
被采访者
employee雇员,examinee考生
-er
动作的执行者
interviewer
personwhoconductsaninterview主持面试者;
接见者;
采访者
employer雇主,examiner考官
re-=again=
再
rename重命名
replace替代
~sth./sb.(fromsth.)
removethedishes(fromthetable)
(从餐桌上)撤去碗碟
~sb./sth.tosth.
restoresackedworkerstotheiroldjobs
使被解雇的工人复工
~on/uponsth./sb.
Icouldn'
thelpremarkingonheryouth.
我脱口而出说她那么年轻。
SpiltMilk
P1
Haveyouheardofthestoryaboutspiltmilk?
Well,weallknowthereisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.Butthisstoryisdifferent.Iwouldhopeallparentswouldrespond
inthismanner.
P2
Irecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousresearchscientistwhohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughs.Hewasinterviewedbyanewspaperreporterwhoaskedhimwhyhewassomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson;
what
set
himsofar
apartfrom
others?
P3
Herespondedthat,
inhisopinion,itallcamefromanexperiencewithhismotherthat
occurredwhenhewasabouttwoyearsold.Hehadbeen
tryingto
remove
abottleof
milkfromtherefrigeratorwhenhe
losthisgripon
theslipperybottleanditfell,spillingitscontents
alloverthekitchenfloor—
averitableseaof
milk!
P4
Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,
insteadof
yellingat
him,
givinghimalecture,orpunishinghim,shesaid,"
Robert,
whatagreatwonderfulmessyouhavemade!
Ihaverarelyseensuchahugepuddleofmilk.Well,thedamagehasalreadybeendone.
Wouldyouliketo
getdownandplayinthemilkforafewminutesbeforewe
cleanitup?
"
P5
Indeed,hedid.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,"
Youknow,Robert,wheneveryou
makeamesslikethis,eventuallyyouhavetocleanitupand
restoreeverythingtoitsproperorder.So,howwouldyouliketodothat?
Wecoulduseasponge,atowel,oramop.Whichdoyouprefer?
Hechosethespongeandtogethertheycleanedupthespiltmilk.
P6
Hismotherthensaid,"
Youknow,whatwehavehereisafailedexperimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let'
sgooutinthebackyardand
fill
thebottle
withwaterand,seeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit."
Thelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.Whatawonderfullesson!
P7
Therenownedscientistremarkedthat
itwasatthat
momentthatheknewhedidn'
tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes.Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,whatscientificexperimentsareallabout.
Evenif
theexperiment"
doesn'
twork"
weusuallylearnsomethingvaluablefromit.
P8
Wouldn'
titbegreat
ifallparentswouldrespond
thewayRobert'
smotherrespondedtohim?
EXERCISES
I
Checkyourcomprehension
isastoryaboutafamousresearchscientistwho____.
A)lookedsmarterthantheaverageperson
B)wasanunordinaryboywhenhewasyoung
C)becamewell-knownafteraninterview
D)achievedgreatsuccessinthemedicalfield
[答疑编号0201:
针对该题提问]
【正确答案】D
【答案解析】本题是对这则故事主人公身份事迹的考查。
我们可以从课文第二段第一句中找到答案——whohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughs,即一个在医学领域颇有成就的著名科学家,因此答案为D.
didhegetthemilkspiltalloverthekitchenfloor?
A)Hefailedtoremovethebottleanditfell.
B)Hewastooyoungtocarrytheheavybottle.
C)Hehadnoconfidenceintakingthebottle.
D)Heloosedhisgriponthebottledeliberately.
[答疑编号0202:
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】本题是对细节的考查。
我们可以从课文第三段第二句找到答案,helosthisgripontheslipperybottleanditfell,因为他没有抓住光滑的瓶子,瓶子掉了,因此A正确;
D项前面说法正确,但是deliberately意为“故意地”,明显不合文意。
答案为A.
didhismotherrespondtohismistake?
A)Shepunishedhimbymakinghimcleanthekitchen.
B)Sheshoutedtostophimfromdoinganything.
C)Sheallowedhimtoplayinthemilkfirst.
D)Shetaughthimhowtocarrythebottleimmediately.
[答疑编号0203:
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】本题是综合细节考查题。
答案需要阅读第四段全文,归纳得出,问题问的是妈妈对他的错误的反应,从第四段关键词语可以得出,当他妈妈赶到厨房,非但没有朝他喊叫,训斥他或是责罚他,还让他到牛奶堆里玩,因此C为正确答案。
答案为C.
motherandthesonwentoutinthebackyardto______.
A)findsomewatertocleanthebottle
B)findawaytocarrythebottleeffectively
C)searchforanotherbottletoholdthemilk
D)seehowtofillthebottlewithoutdroppingit
[答疑编号0204:
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】本题着重考查细节。
我们首先可以找出提问句子是在文章第六段第二句,答案在其后面,seeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit,译为“看是否能够找到一个方法来拿住它而不掉下来”,因此正确答案为B.
issaidinthepassagethatmistakesgivechancesto______.
A)knowthetruthclearly
B)learnsomethingnew
C)dosomeexperiments
D)teachachildalesson
[答疑编号0205:
【答案解析】本题是对文章主旨的考查。
通过阅读文章第七段第二句可以得到答案,即helearnedthatmistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,译为“他认识到了这些错误正是从中学习新知识的机会”。
因此B为正确答案。
IIIBridgingtheGap
介词用法
介词+宾语(名词性形式)
insummer,inBeijing,inthefirstplace
名词+介词+宾语形容词+介词+宾语动词+介词+宾语
IteachinauniversityinBeijingandIamfondofmyjob.
动词用法
主语+不及物动词
Mycellphonedoesn'
twork.我的手机坏了。
主语+不及物动词+介词+宾语
Lookattime!
Weshouldhavebeenatthetheatretenminutesago.瞧,都什么时候了!
十分钟前我们就该到戏院了。
主语+及物动词+宾语
DoyouspeakEnglish?
你讲英语吗?
形容词用法
形容词+名词
It'
salongstory.说来话长。
系动词(be,become,turn)+形容词
I'
mgladtoseeyou.很高兴见到你。
副词用法
修饰形容词、副词、动词
SheisaverysmartgirlandcanspeakEnglishveryfluently.
withoutfearunderunavoidablesothat
successreachwiselyaslongasbetween
Lotsofpeopledon'
tdaretomake
(1)_______thattheywillberidiculedorblamedbyfearthat
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