张汉熙高级英语上Word文档格式.docx
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张汉熙高级英语上Word文档格式.docx
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cryingtheirwares,ofdonkey-boysandportersclearingawayforthemselvesbyshoutingvigorously,andofwould-bepurchasersarguingandbargainingiscontinuousandmakesyoudizzy.
Thenasyoupenetratedeeperintothebazaar,thenoiseoftheentrancefadesaway,andyoucometothemutedcloth-market.Theearthenfloor,beatenhardbycountlessfeet,deadensthesoundoffootsteps,andthevaultedmud-brickwallsandroofhavehardlyanysoundstoecho.Theshop-keepersspeakinslow,measuredtones,andthebuyers,overwhelmedbythesepulchralatmosphere,followsuit.
OneofthepeculiaritiesoftheEasternbazaaristhatshopkeepersdealinginthesamekindofgoodsdonotscatterthemselvesoverthebazaar,inordertoavoidcompetition,butcollectinthesamearea,sothatpurchaserscanknowwheretofindthem,andsothattheycanformacloselyknitguildagainstinjusticeorpersecution.Inthecloth-market,forinstance,allthesellersofmaterialforclothes,curtains,chaircoversandsoonlinetheroadwayonbothsides,eachopen-frontedshophavingatrestletrestletablefordisplayandshelvesforstorage.Bargainingistheorderofthecay,andveiledwomenmoveataleisurelypacefromshoptoshop,selecting,pricinganddoingalittlepreliminarybargainingbeforetheynarrowdowntheirchoiceandbeginthereallyseriousbusinessofbeatingthepricedown.
Itisapointofhonourwiththecustomernottolettheshopkeeperguesswhatitisshereallylikesandwantsuntilthelastmoment.Ifhedoesguesscorrectly,hewillpricetheitemhigh,andyieldlittleinthebargaining.Theseller,ontheotherhand,makesapointofprotestingthatthepriceheischargingisdeprivinghimofallprofit,andthatheissacrificingthisbecauseofhispersonalregardforthecustomer.Bargainingcangoonthewholeday,orevenseveraldays,withthecustomercomingandgoingatintervals.
Oneofthemostpicturesqueandimpressivepartsofthebazaaristhecopper-smiths'
market.Asyouapproachit,atinklingandbangingandclashingbeginstoimpingeonyourear.Itgrowslouderandmoredistinct,untilyouroundacornerandseeafairylandofdancingflashes,astheburnishedcoppercatchesthelightofinnumerablelampsandbraziers.Ineachshopsittheapprentices–boysandyouths,someofthemincrediblyyoung–hammeringawayatcoppervesselsofallshapesandsizes,whiletheshop-ownerinstructs,andsometimestakesahandwithahammerhimself.Inthebackground,atinyapprenticeblowsabi-,charcoalfirewithahugeleatherbellowsworkedbyastringattachedtohisbigtoe--theredofthelivecoalsglowing,brightandthendimmingrhythmicallytothestrokesofthebellows.
Hereyoucanfindbeautifulpotsandbowlsengravewithdelicateandintricatetraditionaldesigns,orthesimple,everydaykitchenwareusedinthiscountry,pleasinginform,butundecoratedandstrictlyfunctional.Elsewherethereisthecarpet-market,withitsprofusionofrichcolours,variedtexturesandregionaldesigns--someboldandsimple,othersunbelievablydetailedandyetharmonious.Thenthereisthespice-market,withitspungentandexoticsmells;
andthefood-market,whereyoucanbuyeverythingyouneedforthemostsumptuousdinner,orsitinatinyrestaurantwithportersandapprenticesandeatyourhumblebreadandcheese.Thedye-market,thepottery-marketandthecarpenters'
marketlieelsewhereinthemazeofvaultedstreetswhichhoneycombthisbazaar.Everyhereandthere,adoorwaygivesaglimpseofasunlitcourtyard,perhapsbeforeamosqueoracaravanserai,wherecamelsliedisdainfullychewingtheirhay,whilethegreatbalesofmerchandisetheyhavecarriedhundredsofmilesacrossthedesertliebesidethem.
Perhapsthemostunforgettablethinginthebazaar,apartfromitsgeneralatmosphere,istheplacewheretheymakelinseedoil.Itisavast,sombrecavernofaroom,somethirtyfeethighandsixtyfeetsquare,andsothickwiththedustofcenturiesthatthemudbrickwallsandvaultedroofareonlydimlyvisible.Inthiscavernarethreemassivestonewheels,eachwithahugepolethroughitscentreasanaxle.Thepoleisattachedattheoneendtoanuprightpost,aroundwhichitcanrevolve,andattheothertoablind-foldedcamel,whichwalksconstantlyinacircle,providingthemotivepowertoturnthestonewheel.Thisrevolvesinacircularstonechannel,intowhichanattendantfeedslinseed.Thestonewheelcrushesittoapulp,whichisthenpressedtoextracttheoil.ThecamelsarethelargestandfinestIhaveeverseen,andinsuperbcondition–muscular,massiveandstately.
Thepressingofthelinseedpulptoextracttheoilisdonebyavastramshackleapparatusofbeamsandropesandpulleyswhichtowerstothevaultedceilinganddwarfsthecamelsandtheirstonewheels.Themachineisoperatedbyoneman,whoshovelsthelinseedpulpintoastonevat,climbsupnimblytoadizzyheighttofastenropes,andthenthrowshisweightontoagreatbeammadeoutofatreetrunktosettheropesandpulleysinmotion.Ancientgirdersgirderscreakandgroan,ropestightenandthenatrickleofoiloozesoozesdownastonerunnelintoausedpetrolcan.Quicklythetricklebecomesafloodofglisteninglinseedoilasthebeamsinksearthwards,tautandprotesting,itscreaksblendingwiththesqueakingandrumblingofthegrinding-wheelsandtheoccasionalgruntsandsighsofthecamels.
(fromAdvancedComprehensionandAppreciationpieces,1962)
NOTES
1)ThispieceistakenfromAdvancedComprehensionandAppreciationPieces,compiledforoverseasstudentsbyL.A.HillandD.J.May,publishedbyOxfordUniversityPress,HongKong,1962.
2)MiddleEast:
generallyreferringtotheareafromAfghanistantoEgypt,includingtheArabianPeninsula,Cyprus,andAsiaticTurkey.
3)Gothic:
astyleofarchitectureoriginatedinN.Francein11thcentury,characterizedbypointedarches,ribbedvaulting,steep,highroofs,etc.
4)veiledwomen:
SomeMoslemsusetheveil---moreappropriately,thepurdah---tosecludeorhidetheirwomenfromtheeyesofstrangers.
5)caravanserai(caravansary):
intheMiddleEast,akindofinnwithalargecentralcourt,wherebandsofmerchantsorpilgrims,togetherwiththeircamelsorhorses,stayforshelterandrefreshment
Hiroshima--the"
Liveliest”
CityinJapan
JacquesDanvoir
“Hiroshima!
Everybodyoff!
”ThatmustbewhatthemanintheJapanesestationmaster'
suniformshouted,asthefastesttrainintheworldslippedtoastopinHiroshimaStation.Ididnotunderstandwhathewassaying.Firstofall,becausehewasshoutinginJapanese.Andsecondly,becauseIhadalumpinmythroatandalotofsadthoughtsonmymindthathadlittletodowithanythingaNipponrailwaysofficialmightsay.Theveryactofsteppingonthissoil,inbreathingthisairofHiroshima,wasformeafargreateradventurethananytriporanyreportorialassignmentI'
dpreviouslytaken.WasInotatthesceneofthecrime?
TheJapanesecrowddidnotappeartohavethesamepreoccupationsthatIhad.Fromthesidewalkoutsidethestation,thingsseemedmuchthesameasinotherJapanesecities.Littlegirlsandelderlyladiesinkimonosrubbedshoulderswithteenagersandwomeninwesterndress.Seriouslookingmenspoketooneanotherasiftheywereobliviousofthecrowdsaboutthem,andbobbedupanddownre-heatedlyinlittlebows,astheyexchangedtheritualformulaofgratitudeandrespect:
"
Tomoaligatogozayimas."
Otherswereusinglittleredtelephonesthathungonthefacadesofgrocerystoresandtobaccoshops.
"
Hi!
Hi!
"
saidthecabdriver,whosedoorpoppedopenattheverysightofatraveler."
Hi"
orsomethingthatsoundsverymuchlikeit,means"
yes"
."
CanyoutakemetoCityHall?
Hegrinnedatmeintherear-viewmirrorandrepeated"
’WesetoffattopspeedthroughthenarrowstreetsofHiroshima.Thetallbuildingsofthemartyredcityflashedbyaswelurchedfromsidetosideinresponsetothedriver'
ssharptwistsofthewheel.
JustasIwasbeginningtofindtheridelong,thetaxiscreechedtoahalt,andthedrivergotoutandwentovertoapolicemantoasktheway.AsinTokyo,taxidriversinHiroshimaoftenknowlittleoftheircity,buttoavoidlossoffacebeforeforeigners,willnotadmittheirignorance,andwillacceptanydestinationwithoutconcernforhowlongitmaytakethemtofindit.
Atlastthisintermezzocametoanend,andIfoundmyselfinfrontofthegiganticCityHall.Theusherboweddeeplyandheavedalong,almostmusicalsigh,whenIshowedhimtheinvitationwhichthemayorhadsentmeinresponsetomyrequestforaninterview."
Thatisnothere,sir,"
hesaidinEnglish."
Themayorexpectsyout
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