LowerMiddle Triassic conodont biostratigraphy of the Qingyan section Guizhou Province SouthwestWord格式文档下载.docx
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LowerMiddle Triassic conodont biostratigraphy of the Qingyan section Guizhou Province SouthwestWord格式文档下载.docx
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Roadian–Wordian(Guadalupian,MiddlePermian)globalpalaeobiogeographyofbrachiopods
GlobalandPlanetaryChange,Volume65,Issues3-4,February2009,Pages166-181
Shu-zhongShen,Jun-fangXie,HuaZhang,G.R.Shi
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Supplementarycontent
AbstractAbstract|Figures/TablesFigures/Tables|ReferencesReferences
Abstract
Adatabaseof4471Roadian–Wordian(Guadalupian,MiddlePermian)occurrencesof381brachiopodgenerain44differentoperationalgeographicalunits(stations)wasanalyzedbybothQ-modeandR-modequantitativemethods.Fourdistinctbrachiopodbiogeographicalrealmsandnineprovinces,and11brachiopodassociationsarerecognized.TheBorealRealmintheNorthernHemisphereincludestheVerkolymanProvinceinthenorthernandnortheasternSiberianPlatformandtheeasternEuropeanProvinceintheUralseawaybetweentheEuropeanandSiberianplatforms.BothprovincesarecharacterizedbycontainingtypicalBorealcold-waterbrachiopodassociations.TheGondwananRealminthesouthalsoincludestwoprovinces.TheAustrazeanProvinceineasternAustraliaandNewZealandisprobablythemoststableprovincethroughoutthePermianandcharacterizedbytypicalGondwananbrachiopodassociations.TheWestralianProvincecenteredinWesternAustraliaisalsocharacterizedbytypicalGondwananbrachiopods,butalsodemonstratesbiogeographicallinkswiththeTethyanstations.ThePalaeoequatorialRealmlocatedmainlyinthepalaeotropicalzonecontainshighlydiverseandabundantbrachiopodfaunas.Tworegions/subrealmsandfourprovincesarerecognizedwithinthisrealm.TheNorthAmericaSubrealmcontainsadistinctGrandianProvincecharacterizedbymanyendemicbrachiopodgeneraandafewcold-watergenera.East-centralAlaskaandYukonTerritorymayconstituteanotherbrachiopodprovince.AllthestationsintheTethyanOcean(bothPalaeotethysandNeotethys)constituteadistinctAsian–TethyanRegion/Subrealmandincorporatethreedifferentprovinces.TheCathaysianProvinceiscomprisedofthestationsinSouthChinaanditssurroundingterranes/blocksandafewstationsinthenorthernandwesternmarginofthePalaeotethys.Twotransitionalprovinces(Sino–Mongolian–JapaneseProvinceandCimmerianProvince)inthenorthernandsoutherntemperatezonesarealsorecognizable.ThebrachiopodfaunafromtheMinoBeltinJapaniswelldistinguishedfromthosefromotherregions,andishenceassignedtothepalaeoceanicPanthalassanRealm.Principalcoordinatesanalysisandminimumspanningtreeanalysissuggestthatalatitude-relatedthermalgradientwasthemajorcontrolforthepalaeobiogeographyofRoadian–Wordianglobalbrachiopodfaunasandforthelatitudinalofpatternofdecreasingbrachiopodgenericdiversitiesfromtheequatortothepoles.Inaddition,geographicseparationandoceaniccurrentsmayalsohaveplayedsomeroleinthespatialdistributionofbrachiopodsduringRoadian–Wordiantimes.
ArticleOutline
1.Introduction
2.Dataandmethodology
3.Results
3.1.Q-modeanalyses
3.2.R-modeanalyses
4.Palaeobiogeographicalinterpretations
4.1.BorealRealm(SupergroupA)
4.1.1.NortheastEuropeanProvince(GroupA1)
4.1.2.VerkolymanProvince(GroupA2)
4.2.PalaeoequatorialRealm(SupergroupB)
4.2.1.NorthAmericanRegion/Subrealm
4.2.2.Asian–TethyanRegion/Subrealm(GroupB3inFig.2,SubgroupB2–3inFig.3andFig.4)
4.3.PanthalassanRealm(SupergroupC)
4.4.GondwananRealm(GroupD)
5.Discussionsandconcludingremarks
5.1.Latitude-relatedthermalgradientwasthemajorcontrolforthepalaeobiogeographyanddiversityofbrachiopods
5.2.ChangeofProvincialismfromMiddlePermiantoLatePermian
5.3.ComparisonwithpalaeobiogeographyduringtheCapitanianandLatePermian
Acknowledgements
AppendixA.Supplementarydata
References
57
TheseasonalityofeastcentralNorthAmericanprecipitationbasedonthreecoevalHolocenespeleothemsfromsouthernWestVirginia
EarthandPlanetaryScienceLetters,Volume295,Issues3-4,1July2010,Pages342-348
BenHardt,HaroldD.Rowe,GregoryS.Springer,HaiCheng,R.LawrenceEdwards
WepresentareplicatedrecordofHoloceneclimatechangefromacaveinWestVirginia,USA.Basedonanalysisofstableisotopesinprecipitation(δ18Ow)fromtheclosestGlobalNetworkofIsotopesinPrecipitation(GNIP)stationinCoshocton,OH,weinterpretenrichedoxygenisotopesincalcite(δ18Oc)asrepresentinganincreaseintherelativecontributionofsummerprecipitationtoannualtotals.Significantcoherencebetweenlocalsummer(JulyandAugust)precipitationandtheSummerNorthAtlanticOscillation(SNAO)indexonmulti-decadaltimescalessuggeststhatsummerprecipitationinourstudyareaisstronglyinfluencedbychangesintheBermudaHigh.AstrengthenedBermudaHighcirculationwouldincreasesummerprecipitationamountsintheregionandleadtoenrichedδ18Ocofspeleothemcalcite.Ourδ18Ocrecordachievesmaximumvaluesduringthemid-Holocene,consistentwithpreviousstudiesindicatinganintensifiedBermudaHighcirculationatthattime.At4.2
ka,δ18Octransitionstolowervaluesatatimewhennumerousrecordsaroundtheglobedocumentsignificantchangesinthehydrologicbudget.Overthelast2000
years,thereareintervalsofsubstantiallydecreasedδ18Oc,coincidentwitharidityintheYucatan,Alpineglacialadvances,andaweakenedAsiansummermonsoon.
1.Introduction
1.1.TheBermudaHighinthepaleoclimaterecord
1.2.RoleoftheBermudaHighcirculationinmodernclimate
2.Methods
2.1.Sitedescription
2.2.Samplecollectionandanalysis
2.3.Spectralanalysisofmodernprecipitation
3.1.Speleothemresults
3.2.Resultsofspectralanalysisofmodernprecipitation
4.Discussion
4.1.Interpretationofδ18O
4.2.Climaticimplicationsoftheisotopicrecord
5.Conclusion
58
Problemasé
ticosylegalesenlademenciasevera.Elderechoamorirenpaz
RevistaEspañ
oladeGeriatrí
ayGerontologí
a,Volume44,Supplement2,30November2009,Pages43-47
AdolfoJosé
DelgadoFontaneda,Marí
aIsabelLó
pezSainz
AbstractAbstract|ReferencesReferences
Resumen
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MacoarseningofsedimentsfromBaikal,ChineseLoessPlateauandSouthChinaSeaandimpli
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