英语高二英语阅读理解题20套带答案及解析.docx
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英语高二英语阅读理解题20套带答案及解析.docx
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英语高二英语阅读理解题20套带答案及解析
(英语)高二英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Everycountrymayhavetoconsiderwhat,ifanything,todoabout"globalwarming".Weshouldunderstandthattheoft-repeatedclaimthatnearlyallscientistsdemandthatsomethingdramaticbedonetostopglobalwarmingisnottrue.
Perhapsthemostinconvenientfactisthelackofglobalwarmingforwellover10yearsnow.Thisisknowntothewarmingestablishment,asonecanseefromthe2009"Climategate"emailofclimatescientistKevinTrenberth:
"Thefactisthatwecan'taccountforthelackofwarmingatthemomentanditisanironythatwecan't."Butthewarmingisonlymissingifonebelievescomputermodelswhereso-calledfeedbackinvolvingwatervaporandcloudsgreatlyamplifiesthesmalleffectofCO2.ThefactisthatCO2isnotapollutantanditisakeycomponentofthebiosphere(生物圈)'slifecycle.PlantsgetbettergrowthwithmoreofitandpartoftheincreaseofagriculturalyieldsinthepastcenturycertainlycamefromadditionalCO2intheatmosphere.
Althoughthenumberofthescientistswhoarepubliclyopposedtotheclaimisgrowing,manyyoungscientistssecretlysaythatwhiletheyalsohaveseriousdoubtsabouttheglobal-warmingmessage,theyareafraidtospeakupforfearofnotbeingpromotedorworse.
Whyistheresomuchpassionaboutglobalwarming?
Thereareseveralreasons,butagoodplacetostartistheoldquestion"Cuibono?
",orthemodernupdate,"Followthemoney".Alarmism(危言耸听)overclimateisofgreatbenefittomany,providinggovernmentfundingforacademicresearch,andthusthosepeoplewhobenefitfromthisfiercelydefendedtheirdogma(信条)andtheprivilegesitbroughtthem.
Everycountryshouldsupportrational(合理的)measurestoprotectandimproveourenvironment,butitmakesnosenseatalltobackexpensiveprogramsthatturnawayresourcesfromrealneedsandarebasedonalarmingbutshakyclaimsof"incontrovertible"evidence.
(1)Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor'sopiniononglobalwarming?
A. Globalwarminghasn'thappenedinthelatest10years.
B. Globalwarminghasbecomeanurgentproblemtheseyears.
C. Globalwarminghasworsenedalittlebitintherecentyears.
D. Globalwarminghasneverhappenedsincemeasuresweretaken.
(2)WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutCO2doesthewriterprobablyagreewith?
A. CO2greatlyaffectstheglobalwarming.
B. CO2makescropsmoreproductive.
C. CO2involveswatervaporandclouds.
D. CO2isthemostimportantpartofthebiosphere.
(3)Whyistheresomuchpassionforglobalwarming?
A. Becauseitisagoodchanceforyoungscientiststobepromoted.
B. Becausethescientistswanttohaveaninsightintotheproblem.
C. Becausethegovernmentvaluestheproblemandtriestosolveit.
D. Becausesomepeoplecangreatlybenefitfromtheresearchaboutit.
(4)What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardtheprogramstoprotectandimproveourenvironment?
A. Tosupportalltheprogramsaslongastheyarebeneficial.
B. Tosupportcheapprogramsinsteadofexpensiveones.
C. Tosupporttheprogramsthatarenecessaryandreliable.
D. Tosupportthoseprogramsthatuselessmoneyandresources.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)B
(3)D
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,论述的是“关于地球的变暖。
”每个国家都可能不得不考虑“全球变暖”的问题。
我们应该明白,经常重复的说法是,几乎所有的科学家都要求采取一些引人注目的措施来阻止全球变暖,这是不正确的。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“Perhapsthemostinconvenientfactisthelackofglobalwarmingforwellover10yearsnow.”可知,我们能从作者对全球变暖的观点中推断出“在最近的10年里,全球变暖并没有发生。
”故选A。
(2考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“PlantsgetbettergrowthwithmoreofitandpartoftheincreaseofagriculturalyieldsinthepastcenturycertainlycamefromadditionalCO2intheatmosphere.”可知,关于“二氧化碳使作物更多产。
”陈述可能是作者同意的。
故选B。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“thusthosepeoplewhobenefitfromthisfiercelydefendedtheirdogma(信条)andtheprivilegesitbroughtthem.”可知,对全球变暖有如此多的热情是因为有些人可以从这项研究中获益良多。
故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第五段中的“Everycountryshouldsupportrational(合理的)measurestoprotectandimproveourenvironment,butitmakesnosenseatalltobackexpensiveprogramsthatturnawayresourcesfromrealneeds”可知,作者对保护和改善环境的计划的态度是支持那些必要和可靠的项目。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Moreandmorecommentssectionsarebeingshutdownonline.
AutumnPhillipshadhadenough.OnAug.19,theexecutiveeditoroftheQuad-CityTimesinIowa,andIllinois,USvisitedherwebsite,,andsawastoryaboutamanwhohadbeenshottodeath.Whenshegottothereaders'commentssectionsattheend,shewasshockedbywhatshesaw.Belowthestorywasagrowingnumberofcomments—aracistremarkaboutdemocraticvotes,anegativecommentaboutpolice…SoPhillipsdecidedtodosomethingshehadbeenthinkingaboutforalongtime:
sheshutdownthecommentssections.
Phillipswasnotaloneinmakingsuchamove.Lastweek,NPRannouncedktoowasclosingitsonlinecommentssections.Thedecisionsdon'tmeanthatthenewsoutletsarenolongerinterestedinwhattheiraudiencesarethinking.Bothstressedtheireagernesstohearfromreadersandlistenersonsocialnetworks.Butbothagreedthatcommentshaddeviatedfromtheiroriginalintention.Andsotheyhad.
Inearlydaysofdigitaljournalism,commentswereseenasakeypartofthisnewmedia,awonderfulopportunityforstrengtheningthedialoguebetweennewsproducersandtheiraudiences.Itwasawelcomechange,giventhatforlongmanynewsorganizationswerefartooseparatedfromtheirreaders.Muchmorebackandforthconversationseemedlikehealthyandwelcomeevolution.Sadly,that'snotthewaythingsturnedout.Ratherthanaplaceforexchangingideas,commentssectionsbecamethehomeofuglyname-calling,racismandanti-womenlanguage.Besidestheirpoisonousquality,commentsseemoutofplacetoday.
"Sincewemadetheannouncement,I'vereceivedanoutpouringofresponsesfromourreaders,"shesays."I'veheardfromparentswhosechildrenwerehurtbyouronlinecomments.I'veheardfrompeoplewhosaidtheywouldn'tsendinletterstotheeditorbecausetheywereattackedsofiercelybycomments,andwasn'tworthit."
(1)WhydidAutumnPhillipsshutdownthecommentssections?
A. Theywereputtowronguse. B. Herwebsitewasattackedheavily.
C. Theyexposedmanyillegalissues.
D. Shewasangryaboutreaders'comments.
(2)WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3indicateaboutcomments?
A. Theywereoutofdate. B. Theyhadgoneagainsttheiroriginalintentions.
C. Theywerefullofsensitiveinformation. D. Theycouldn'tinteresttheaudience.
(3)Whatwasthewelcomechangeintheearlydigitaljournalism?
A. Readers,havingmoreaccesstonews.
B. Readers'makinglessnegativecomments.
C. Readers'freedomtoexpresstheirthoughts.
D. Readers'activeinvolvementinthenewsindustry.
(4)HowdomanyreadersfeelaboutAutumnPhillips,moveaccordingtothelastparagraph?
A. Cautious.
B. Hopeful.
C. Surprised.
D. Supportive.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)B
(3)D
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,越来越多的在线评论被关闭了。
虽然在数字新闻业的早期,在线评论被视为新媒体的重要组成部分,是加强新闻生产者与受众之间对话的绝佳机会;但事实上评论区不是一个交流思想的地方,里面充满了各种负面的消息。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“Whenshegottothereaders'commentssectionsattheend,shewasshockedbywhatshesaw.Belowthestorywasagrowingnumberofcomments—aracistremarkaboutdemocraticvotes,anegativecommentaboutpolice…SoPhillipsdecidedtodosomethingshehadbeenthinkingaboutforalongtime:
sheshutdownthecommentssections.”可知,AutumnPhillips关闭了评论部分是因为他们被错误地使用了。
故选A。
(2)考查词义猜测。
根据第三段中的“Thedecisionsdon'tmeanthatthenewsoutletsarenolongerinterestedinwhattheiraudiencesarethinking.Bothstressedtheireagernesstohearfromreadersandlistenersonsocialnetworks.Butbothagreedthatcommentshaddeviatedfromtheiroriginalintention.”这些决定并不意味着新闻媒体不再对他们的听众的想法感兴趣。
两人都强调,他们渴望在社交网络上听到读者和听众的声音。
但双方都认为,评论偏离了他们最初的意图。
由此推知划线句子的意思是“他们违背了他们最初的意图。
”故选B。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“Inearlydaysofdigitaljournalism,commentswereseenasakeypartofthisnewmedia,awonderfulopportunityforstrengtheningthedialoguebetweennewsproducersandtheiraudiences.Itwasawelcomechange,giventhatforlongmanynewsorganizationswerefartooseparatedfromtheirreaders.”可知,在早期的数字新闻中,读者积极参与新闻行业是受欢迎的改变。
故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“I'veheardfromparentswhosechildrenwerehurtbyouronlinecomments.I'veheardfrompeoplewhosaidtheywouldn'tsendinletterstotheeditorbecausetheywereattackedsofiercelybycomments,andwasn'tworthit.”可知,根据最后一段许多读者对AutumnPhillips是支持的。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇社会类阅读,考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Sleep,consideredaluxurybymany,isessentialforaperson'swellbeing.Researchershavefoundthatinsufficientsleepincreasesaperson'sriskofdevelopingseveremedicalconditions,suchasobesity,diabetes,andcardiovasculardiseases.Now,anewstudybyBoston'sMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)hasfoundthatgettingsufficientsleepisalsothekeytoimprovingacademicperformance.
JeffreyGrossman,wholedtheresearch,wasnottryingtofindthelinkbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutFitbitstothe100studentsinhisintroductiontoSolid-StateChemistryclass.Instead,theprofessorofComputationalMaterialsSciencehopedthepopularwrist-worndevicewhich,tracksaperson'sactivity24/7,wouldshowaconnectionbetweenphysicalexerciseandacademicachievement.
However,thestudy,publishedinthejournal“ScienceLearning”onOctober1,2019,discoveredasurprisinginsight.Thenwasastraight-line
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