全国百强校山东省临沂市学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题.docx
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全国百强校山东省临沂市学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题.docx
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全国百强校山东省临沂市学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
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【全国百强校】山东省临沂市2016-2017学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
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一、阅读理解(题型注释)
ResearchersinChinaandtheUnitedStateshavedevelopedanewcataract(白内障)treatmentwithcellsthathasrestoredvisioninbabiesinatrialandmayeventuallybeusedinadults.
Thetreatment-bydoctorsandstaffmembersattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiegoSchoolofMedicineandSichuanandSunYat-senuniversitiesinChina-waspublishedinMarch9editionofthescientificjournalNature.
Acataractisacloudingofthenormallyclearlens(晶体)ofaneye.Typicalcataractoperationinvolvestheremovalofthecloudylensandtheinsertionofanartificialone.Thenewoperationhasbeentestedinanimalsandduringasmall,humantrial.Itresultedinfewercomplications(并发症)thanthecurrentharmfuloperation,andinregrownlenseswithsuperiorvisualfunctioninall12ofthebabycataractpatientswhoreceivedtheprocedure.
Acongenitalcataract-lenscloudingthatoccursatbirthorshortlyafter-isimportantcauseofblindnessinchildren.Inthenewresearch,KandZhang,headofophthalmicgeneticsatUSSanDiego’sShileyEyeInstitute,andhiscolleaguesreliedontheregrownpotentialofendogenous(同源的)stemcells.
AccordingtoZhang,endogenousstemcellsaredifferentfromotherstemcellsthataretypicallygrowninalaboratory,transplantedintoapatient,andcanhaverisksofimmune(免疫的)rejection,infectionorcancers.ZhangtoldCBSNews,“Weinventedanewoperationtomakeaverysmallopeningatthesideofacataractouslensbag,removethecataractinside,allowtheopeningtoheal,andpromotepotentiallensstemcellstoregrowanentirelynewlenswithvision.”
Thehumantrialinvolved12babiesundertheageof2whoweretreatedwiththenewmethod,while25babiesreceivedtheestandardoperationcare..Thelattergroupexperiencedahigherincidenceofpos-operationdanger,early-onseteyehighbloodpressureandincreasedlensclouding.Thescientistsreportedfewercomplicationsandfasterhealingamongthe12babieswhohasthenewprocedure.
1、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Theconceptofthecataract
B.Anewcataracttreatmentwithstemcells
C.Badeffectsofpost-operationinthecataract
D.Thereasonswhythecataractcomesintobeing
2、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribethenewcataracttreatmentaccordingtothepassage?
A.Convenient B.Comfortable
C.Cheap D.Safe
3、Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewcataracttreatment?
A.Ithasmorerisks
B.Itmaybeusedwidely
C.Ithasbeenputintopracticewidely
D.Itcanonlyrestorevisioninbabies
4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“congenital”inthefourthparagraphmean?
A.Born B.Strange
C.Serious D.Dangerous.
WhenUSmusicianBobDylanwasannouncedasthewinnerofthisyear’sNobelPrizeforliteraturelastmonth,manypeopletooktosocialmediatosuggestthatLeonardCohenwastheonlyotherlivingsongwriterwhodeserved(值得)thehonor.
Sadly,onNov7,thedeep-voicedCanadianartistdiedattheageof82.
Manytributes(称赞)werewrittenforCohen,whohadjustreleasedhis14thalbum,YouWantItDarker,onOct21st.“LeonardCohenisasimportanttodayashewasinthe1960s,”Canada’sPrimeMinisterJustinTrudeausaidoninastatement.“Hisabilitytodescribehumanemotionmadehimoneofthemostinfluentialandlastingmusiciansever.”
Cohen’smostfamoussong,Hallenlujah,inwhichhecomparedphysicallovetoaneedforspiritualconnection,hasbeenrecordedhundredsoftimesbydifferentmusiciansinceitwasfirstreleasedin1984.
AndCohen’ssongBirdonaWire(1969)couldbeconsideredaperfectepitaph(墓志铭)thathewroteforhimself.Asthesong’sfirstlinegoes,“Likeabirdonawire,likeadrunkinmidnightchoir(合唱团),Ihavetiredinmywaytobefree.”
“Cohenwriteswordsthatexplainwhatitmeanstobehuman.I’vereadpoetrythathasasmuchbeautyasCohen’swork,butintheworldofmusic,Cohenisararity,”USsingerJenniferWarnestoldAustinAmerican-Statesmannewspaper.‘Hedescribesthingsthatgooninsideaheartandwhatitfeelsliketobehere.”
Alongwithhisspirituality,Cohen’sdry,deepvoicealsohelpedhispopularity.In2006hespokewiththeNPRradiostationabouthowhegothisinterestingvoice—apparentlyitwas“500tonsofwhiskeyandamillioncigarettes.”
Butheneverforgottoworkontheinstrumentsthatmadeuphissongs,eventhoughhewasmostfamousforhislyrics(歌词)andvoice.
“Thereisnodifferencebetweenapoemandasong,”Cohensaidin1969interviewwiththeNewYorkTimesnewspaper.“Someweresongsfirstandsomewerepoemsfirstandsomewerewrittenatthesametime.Allofmywritinghasguitarsbehindit,eventhenovels.”
“WhenpeopletalkaboutCohen,theyfailtomentionthemelodies(旋律),whichtome,alongwithhislyrics,arehisgreatestgenius,”BobDylantoldtheNewYorkmagazine.”Theygivealifttoeveryoneofhissongs.AsfaraIknow,noonecomesclosetothisinmodernmusic.”
5、WhatdoLeonardCohenandBobDylanhaveincommon?
A.Theyhavebothwrittenbeautifullyrics.
B.Theyhavebothachievedoutstandingthingsinliterature
C.Theybothcamefromthesamecountry
D.TheywerebothconsideredthepossiblewinnersofNobelPrizeinliterature.
6、PeopleoftenspeakhighlyofCohenformanythingsexceptfor_____.
A.hisvoice B.hismelodies
C.hislyrics D.hisinfluence
7、Whatcanbeinferredfromthearticle?
A.Hallenlujahisthemostperformedsongintheworld
B.BirdonaWirewaswrittentodescribeCohen’spersonality
C.BobDylantookinspirationfromCohen’swork
D.Cohensaidhisunhealthyhabitscontributedtohisuniquevoice.
8、WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeCohen?
A.Humorousandoptimistic B.Sensitive(敏感的)andmoody
C.Insightful(深刻的)andtalented D.Expressiveandrebellious(叛逆的)
Whatissuccess?
Iamnotgoingtotrytoexplainsuccess.Ithinkaprecisemeaningisimpossible!
IsitwinningaGoldMedalattheOlympicGamesorwinningWimbledon,orbeingawardedaNobelPrize?
Whatelse?
Ibelievepersonalsuccesscouldbeanythingatall-itdoesnothavetoinvolvepublicrecognition.Whoismoresuccessful?
Amillionairewhoisunhappy,oranunnoticedperson,whohasledasimple,quiet,sincereandhappylife?
Thesimplestdefinitionofsuccess,Ithink,is“tosetouttodosomethingandtosucceedindoingit.
Thefirststepontheroadtosuccessstartswithbelief.Believeyoucansucceedandyouwill.Achievingsuccessinwhateverendeavor(努力)youchoosemaybethegoaloflife;becauseitgivesyoufreedomfromworry.Couldthatbe?
Successmeansdifferentthingstoeveryoneofus.Somepeoplebelieveitismeasuredinfinancialterm;othersbelieveitishelpingothersratherthanhelpingthemselves.However,mostpeoplearemotivatedtoagreatextendbypublicrecognition.Howmanypeoplearereallyhappy?
Howmanypeoplearereallydoingwhattheywanttowiththeirlives?
Incidentally,toimaginemakesusdifferentfromanimals.
Mostimportantofall,Ibelievesuccessisamatterofpersonalgrowth.Ifeverydayyouaredevelopingorgrowingjustamillimeter,Ibelieveoneissuccessful.Justbeingaslightlybetterpersoneachdayformeissuccess.I’vegotaverylongwaytogothem!
Finally,alwaysremembersuccessisaprocessandisnotsimplyamatterofarrivingatadestination.It’sthejourneythatreallymatters.Successiswhatyoubecomeintheoftenverydifficultanddangerousjourneydowntheriveroflife.
9、Whatispersonalsuccessaccordingtotheauthor?
A.Winningpublicrecognition
B.Beinganunhappymillionaire
C.Somethingimpossibletodefinesimply
D.Succeedingindoingwhatyouwant
10、Whichplaysanimportantroleinyoursuccess?
A.Intelligence B.Confidence
C.Wealth D.Kindness
11、Accordingtohetext,humansaredifferentfromanimalsin_______.
A.belief B.freedom
C.imagination D.success
12、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Whatissuccess B.Notruesuccess
C.Howtobesuccessful D.Successisreachingadestination
From:
terri@wombat.Com.Au
To:
(happylizijun)@yaboo.com.cn
Subject:
Myschool
Hi,LiZijun,
Thanksverymuchforyouremail.Ireallyenjoyedreadingit.Ithinkwehavealotincommon.Iwonderifourschoollifeissimilartoo.
IgotoabighighschoolinSydneycalledMaylandsHighSchool.Thereareabout1000studentsand80orsoteachers.Myclasshas25studentsinit,whichisnormalforaYear11class.Inthejuniorschoolthereareabout30studentsinaclass.
Intheseniorhighschoolwehavelotsofsubjectstochoosefrom,likemaths,physics,chemistry,biology,history,German,law,geography,softwaredesign,graphicartsandmediastudies.(Differentschoolssometimehavedifferentoptionalsubjects.)Engli
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