四川大学博士研究生入学英语考试题Word格式文档下载.docx
- 文档编号:6503921
- 上传时间:2023-05-06
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:15
- 大小:26.69KB
四川大学博士研究生入学英语考试题Word格式文档下载.docx
《四川大学博士研究生入学英语考试题Word格式文档下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《四川大学博士研究生入学英语考试题Word格式文档下载.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
theoreticalscientisttoworkon.Let'
stakeaparticularproblemoftheaircraftindustry:
heat-resistantmetals.Manyofthemetalsandalloyswhichperformsatisfactorilyinacarcannotbeusedinajet-propelledplane.Newalloysmustbeused,becausethejetengineoperatesatamuchhighertemperaturethananautomobileengine.Theturbinewheelinaturbojetmustwithstandtemperaturesashighas1,600degreesFahrenheit,soaircraftdesignershadtoturntotheresearchmetallurgistforthedevelopmentofmetalsandalloysthatwoulddothejobinjet-propelledplanes.
Dividingscientistsintotwogroupsisonlyonebroadwayofclassifyingthem,however.Whenscientificknowledgewasverylimited,therewasnoneedformentospecialize.Today,withthegreatbodyofscientificknowledge,scientistsspecializeinmanydifferentfields.Withineachfield,thereisevenfurthersubdivision.And,withfinerandfinersubdivisions,thevariousscienceshavebecomemoreandmoreinterrelateduntilnoonebranchisentirelyindependentofthe'
others.Manynewspecialties--geophysicsandbiochemistry,forexample--haveresultedfromcombiningtheknowledgeoftwoormoresciences.
1.Theappliedscientist______.
A.isnotalwaysinterestedinpracticalproblemsB.providesthebasicknowledgeforpractice
C.appliestheresultsofresearchtopracticeD.doesoriginalresearchtounderstandthebasiclawsofnature
2.Theexamplegiveninthepassageillustrateshow___.
A.purescienceoperatesindependentlyofappliedscienceB.theappliedscientistdiscoversthebasiclawsofnature
C.appliedsciencedefinesalltheareasinwhichbasicresearchisdoneD.appliedsciencesuggestsproblemsforthebasicscientist
3.Theproblemdiscussedinthesecondparagraphcalledfor____.
A.selectingthebesthear-resistantmetalfromexistingmetals
B.developingaturbinewheelcapableofgeneratingheatupto1,600degreesFahrenheit
C.developingmetalsandalloysthatwouldwithstandterrifictemperatures
D.causingthejetenginetooperateathighertemperatures
4.Finermadfinersubdivisioninthefieldofsciencehasresultedin_____.
A.greaterindependenceofeachscienceB.greaterinterdependenceofallthevarioussciences
C.theeradicationoftheneedforspecialistsD.theneedforonlyonclassificationofscientists
5."
Thehorizonsofsciencehaveexpanded"
meansthat____.
A.thehorizonchangesitssizefromyeartoyearB.sciencehasdevelopedmorefieldsofendeavor
C.scientistshavemadegreatprogressinstudyingthehorizonD.scientistscanseefurtheroutintospace
Passage2
InTheDisunitingofAmerica:
ReflectionsonaMulticulturalSociety,RevisedandEnlargedEdition(W.W.Norton)SchlesingerprovidesdeepinsightsintothecrisesofnationhoodinAmerica.AnewchapterassessestheimpactbothofradicalmulticulturalismandradicalmonoculturalismontheBillofrights.Writtenwithhisusualclarityandforce,thebookbringsanotedhistorian'
swisdomandperspectivetobearonAmerica'
s"
culturewars"
.
Schlesingeraddressesthequestions:
Whatholdsanationtogether?
AndwhatdoesitmeantobeanAmerican?
Describingtheemergingcultofethnicity,Schlesingerpraisesitshealthyeffectonanationlongshamedbyahistoryofprejudiceandnarrow-mindedness.Buthewarnsagainstthecampaignofmulticulturaladvocatestodividethenationintoseparateethnicandracialcommunities.Fromthestart,heobserves,theUnitedStateshasbeenamulticulturalnation,richinitsdiversitybutheldtogetherbyasharedcommitmenttothedemocraticprocessandbythefreedomofintermarriage.ItwasthisnationaltalentforassimilationthatimpressedforeignvisitorslikeAlexisdeTocquevilleandJamesBryce,anditisthishistoricgoalthatSchlesingerchampionsasthebesthopeforthefuture.Schlesingeranalyzeswhatheseesasgrimconsequencesofidentitypolitics:
thewideningofdifferences.AttacksontheFirstAmendment,heargues,threatenintellectualfreedomand,ultimately,thefutureoftheethnicgroups.Hiscriticismsarenotlimitedtotheleft.AsaformertargetofMcCarthyism,heunderstandsthattheradicalrightisevenmorewillingthantheradicallefttorestrictandweakentheBillofRights.
Theauthordoesnotminimizetheinjusticesconcealedbythe"
meltingpot"
dream.TheDisunitingofAmericaisbothacademicandpersonal,forcefulinargument,balancedinjudgment.Itisabookthatwillnodoubtangersomereaders,butitwillsurelymakeallofthemthinkagain.ThewinnerofPulitzerPrizesforhistoryandforbiography,anauthoritativevoiceofAmericanliberalism,Schlesingerisuniquelypositionedtobringboldanswersandhealingwisdomtothispassionatedebateoverwhoweareandwhatweshouldbecome.
6.AccordingtoSchlesinger,theUnitedStatesis_____.
A.ameltingpotB.anationwithdiverseculturesheldtogetherbythedemocraticprocess
C.afederationofethnicandracialcommunitiesD.anationwithvariousethnicandracialgroups
7.WecaninferfromthepassagethatSchlesinger______.
A.advocatestheassimilationofdifferentculturesintoonenationhoodB.prefersmulticulturalismtomonoculturalism
C.givesfullsupporttotheemergingcultofethnicityD.holdsthateachracialgroupshouldkeepitsdistinctidentity
8.TheauthorwantstotellusthatAmerica_____.
A.isexperiencingacrisisofnationhoodB.istryingtorestricttheBillofRight
C.hasendeditshistoryofracialprejudiceD.hastriedtoobstructintellectualfreedom
9.Accordingtotheauthor,Schlesinger'
sbookwill____.
A.causeangeramongtheradicalrightB.causeangeramongtheradicalleft
C.putanendtotheculturewarsinAmericaD.provokethinkingamongthereaders
10.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom__.
A.ahistorybookB.abookintroductionC.abookreviewD.ajournalofliterarycriticism
Passage3
TheElNino("
littleboy"
inSpanish)thatpoundedtheglobebetweenthesummersof1997and1998wasinsomemeasurethemostdestructiveinthiscentury.Worldwidedamageestimatesexceed~20billion--nottomentionthehumandeathtollcausedbyresultingdroughts,floodsandbushfires.ElNinoandLaNina("
littlegirl"
)arepartofaseesawingofwindsandcurrentsintheequatorialPacificcalledENSO(ElNinoSouthernOscillation)thatappearseverytwotoeightyears.Normally,westward-blowingtradewindscausedbytherotationoftheearthandconditionsintheTropicspushsurfacewateracrossthePacifictowardsAsia.ThewarmwaterpilesupalongthecoastsofIndonesia,AustraliaandthePhilippines,raisingsealevelsmorethanafootabovethoseontheSouthAmericansideofthePacific.AsElNinobuildsthenormaleast-to-westtradewindswane.Likewatersplashinginagiantbathtub,theelevatedpoolofwarmwaterwashesfromAsianshoresbacktowardsSouthAmerica.
Inlastseason'
scycle,surfacetemperaturesoffthewestcoastofSouthAmericasoaredfromanormalhighof23°
Cdegreesto28°
Cdegrees.Thisareaofwarmwater,twicethesizeofthecontinentalUS,interactedwiththeatmosphere,creatingstormsanddisplacinghigh-altitudewinds.
ElNinobroughtrainthatfloodednormallydrycoastalareasofEcuador,ChileandPeru,whiledroughtsstruckAustraliaandIndonesia.FiresdestroyedsomefivemillionacresofIndonesianforest.Thedrought,alongwiththeeconomiccrisis,leftaboutfivemillionpeopledesperateforfoodandwater.TheseconditionshelpedsetthestageforriotsthatledtothedownfallofPresidentSuharto.ElNinoalsotooktheblameforextremetemperaturesinTexaslastsummerover38°
Cdegreesforarecord30daysinarow.InFlorida,lushvegetationturnedtotinderandbushfiresraged.EvenBritainhasbeenswelteringwithourhottestyearonrecordin1997.
11.AsElSinobuilds,_____.
A.thenormalwestwardtradewindsweakenB.thenormaleastwardtradewindsweaken
C.thenormalwestwardtradewindsstrengthenD.thenormaleastwardtradewindsstrengthen
12.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.ElNinoresultsfromdroughts,floodsandbushfires.B.ElNinobroughtraintomostareasthatwereaffected,
C.WhenElNinoappeared,someoftheworld'
srainforestswereattackedbydroughts.
D.MostareasthatwereaffectedbyElNinogotdroughts.
13.OnceElNinoevenplayedaroleinthepoliticalworld.Whatwasit?
A.PresidentSuhartowasoverthrownbythedroughtcausedbyElNino.
B.ElNinocausedriotsthatledtothedownfallofPresidentSuharto.
C.PresidentSuhartoresignedbecauseofthedroughtcausedbyElNino.
D.ThedroughtcausedbyElNinotogetherwiththeeconomiccrisisprevailinginIndonesiahelpedtooverthrowPresidentSuharto.
14.Thephrase"
inarow"
inthelastparagraphmeans____.
A.continuouslyB.inalineC.awfullyD.nowandthen
15.Thewriterofthispassageismostlikelytobe____.
A.anAustraliaobserverB.aBritishnationalC.anAmericangeographerD.anIndonesiajournalist
Passage4
InpatientswithHuntington'
sdisease,it'
sthepartofthebraincalledthebasalgangliathat'
sdestroyed.Whilethesevictimshaveperfectlyintactexplicit
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 四川大学 博士研究生 入学 英语 考试题