2018年1月8日研究生学位考试题.docx
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2018年1月8日研究生学位考试题.docx
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北京林业大学2017—2018学年第1学期学位考试试卷
试卷名称:
硕士英语一外
班级 学号 姓名 成绩
试卷说明:
1.本次考试为闭卷考试。
本试卷共计8页,共7大部分,请勿漏答;
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考试中心提示:
请你遵守考场纪律,参与公平竞争!
PartIListening(20points,1pointeach)
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,youwillhearnineshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversationaquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbereadonlyonce.ChoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourAnswerSheet.
1.A.Shehadadrinkwithherelderbrother.
B.Shehasalreadygivenupdrinking.
C.Sheusedtolooklikeherelderbrother.
D.Shedidn’tdrinkwithherelderbrother.2. A.68511688. B.68156608.
C.86150608. D.68156688.
3.A.Listentosomesoftmusic.
B.Switchoffthelight.
C.Helpthewomanout.
D.Leavethisroomquickly.
4.A.Supportive.
B.Pleased.
C.Hesitant.
D.Opposed.
5.A.Sheshouldgotoseeadoctoratonce.
B.Shedeserveshissympathy.
C.Shewasallowedtogiveherpresentation.
D.Shecanasktheprofessorforanapology.
6.A.Itisperfectineachpossibleway.
B.Itcanbringmanygoodneighbors.
C.Itisnearertoherparents’home.
D.Ithasadvantagesanddisadvantages.
7.A.Theyareofthesameopinion.
B.Theyarereadingthesamebook.
C.Theyarereadinginthesameroom.
D.Theyarewritingaboutthesametopic.
8.A.Shehasnoschoolassignment.
B.Shecan’tgototheconcert.
C.She’dliketogototheconcert.
D.Shewillattendaconcertnextweek.
9.A.Readgrammarbooks.
B.Learngrammarfromreading.
C.Talktonativespeakers.
D.Dogrammarexercises.
SectionB
Directions:
Inthissection,youwillheartwomini-talks.Attheendofeachtalk,therewillbesomequestions.Boththetalksandthequestionswillbereadtoyouonlyonce.Aftereachquestion,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenby
9
markingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoredAnswerSheet.
Mini-talkOne
10.A.Thosewithathree-yearbachelor’sdegree.
B.Thosewithamaster’sdegreeoritsequivalents.
C.Thosewithapotentialtoexcelacademically.
D.Thosewhoarenewtoacademicresearch.
11.A.BySeptember1ofeachyear.
B.ByDecember15ofeachyear.
C.Inthefallofeachyear.
D.ByearlyMarcheachyear.
12.A.Theworkoffellowresearchers.
B.RequirementsforPhDoraldefense.
C.Theschool’sintellectualenvironment.
D.Individualresearchinterestsofstudents.
Mini-talkTwo
13.A.Purpleandpink.
B.Blackandwhite.
C.Redandyellow.
D.Orangeandblue.
14.A.Calm. B.Excited. C.Creative. D.Alert.
15.A.Curiosity. B.Creativity. C.Tranquility. D.Affection.
SectionC
Directions:
Inthissection,youwillhearashortlecture.Listentotherecordingandcompletethenotesaboutthelecture.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.AftertherecordingyouareaskedtowritedownyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.Younowhave25secondstoreadthenotesbelow.
16.Tourismcanbesustainable……sothatpotential (twowords)onthehostcommunitydonotsurpassthefinancialbenefits.
17. Thetourismindustryalsoprovidesopportunitiesforsmall-scalebusinesses,whichisespeciallyimportantin (twowords).
18.Tourismencouragesthepreservationoftraditionalcustoms,folkmusicandfestivalsthat
(twowords)havebeenlost.
19.Tourism,particularlyecotourism,helpspromote (threewords)andnaturalresources.
20.Italsohelpsgeneratefundingformaintaininganimalpreservesandmarineparksthrough
(twowords)andguidefees.
PartIIParaphrase(10points,2pointseach)
Directions:
Readthefollowingsentencesandthenparaphrasethem.
1.Unlessyouseemsincerewhenyougivecomplimentsduringaconversation,youarenotgoingtogetagoodresponse.
2.IthaslongbeenknownthatCairoisthemostpopulouscityonearth,butno-oneknewexactlyhowpopulousitwasuntillastmonth.
3.Thisislikelytobeanunderestimateasthescreeningwasvoluntaryandanumberofclientsdeclinedthescreeningaltogether.
4.Brownrecommendedthatolderadultsstructuretheirdaysbymaintainingaregularcycleandplanningactivitiesthatgivethempleasure,purposeandareasonforliving.
5.Indevelopedcountriestherearerigorousstandardsforfoodpreparation,whereasinpoverty-strickencountriesthemainissueistheavailabilityofadequatesafewater.
PartIIIPuttheselectedsentencesinthecorrectorder(10points,2pointseach)
Directions:
ThefollowingpassageisselectedfromtheAbstractofaresearchpaper.Please
fillintheblankswiththeappropriatesentenceslistedbelowthepassage.
1. .Inthispaperwebroadlycharacterizetrendsinglobalforestareabyintensityofmanagement,andprovideanoverviewofchangesinglobalcarbonstocksassociatedwithmanagedforests.2.
. The
areaofglobalforestshasdeclinedby3%since1990buttheareaofplantedforesthas
increasedinallregionsoftheworldandnowaccountsforalmost7%ofglobalforestland.Theareaofprimaryforest,whichistypicallydefinedaslackingdirecthumaninfluence,isabout34%ofallforestlandaccordingtocountryreports,buttheareaisdecliningespeciallyinSouthAmericaandAfricabecauseofhuman-causedhabitatfragmentationanddegradation.
3..Asaresultofincreasingmanagementintensity,theareaofunmanagedforest,typicallydefinedaslandlackingprotectedstatusoramanagementplan,droppedsignificantlysince1990andnowcomprisesonly21%ofglobalforests.Therehavebeensignificantincreasesinareasofforestusedfornon-woodforestproductssuchasprotectionofsoilandwater,conservationofbiodiversity,andprovisionofsocialservices.Globally,timberproductionhasbeenrelativelystablesince1990,butincreasingareasofforestusedfornon-woodforestproductsindicatesthatharvestingistakingplaceonasmallerproportionofthetotalforestarea.4.
.Establishedforestscurrentlyoffsetabout30%ofglobalemissionsofCO2fromfossilfueluse,andtherearemitigationopportunitiesinvolvingforeststhatcouldincreasethegrossterrestrialCuptakefrom roughly 4.0 to 6.2 Pg C annually. 5.
.Inthefuture,indirecthumaninfluencessuchasincreasingatmosphericCO2andclimatechange,alongwiththedirecteffectsoflandmanagementandprojectedincreasingdemandforwoodbiofuel,arelikelytobecomeincreasinglyimportantelementsthatinfluencelandmanagementstrategiesandtheroleofforestsintheglobalcarboncycle.
A.Concurrently,theareaofnaturallyregeneratedforestthatisnotclassifiedasprimaryforesthasdeclined.
B.Wediscussdifferentinterpretationsof‘‘management’’andhighlightsomeimportantaccountingandanalysisissues.
C.Globalforestsareincreasinglyaffectedbyland-usechange,fragmentation,changingmanagementobjectives,anddegradation.
D.However,ourresultssuggestthatadiversifyinguseofforestlandmayhavesignificantconsequencesformaintainingorincreasingthecurrentrateofterrestrialcarbonsequestration.
E.Basedontrendsintheareaofmanagedforestandregionalstudies,itisclearthathistoricaland
currentforestmanagementhasbeenaverysignificantdeterminingfactorofcurrentcarbonstocks.
PartIVCloze(10points,1pointeach)
Thereisnodoubtthatairpollutionisaglobalcrisis:
itcausesanannualdeath1of6.5million.Thatisdoublethetotalnumberofpeoplelost2HIV/AIDS,tuberculosisandmalaria3,andfourtimesthenumberkilledontheworld’sroads.Halftheearlydeathsresultfromoutdoorairpollutionthatisfarmoredispersedandharderto4.
Airpollutionhasincreasedthe5ofmentalillness,diabetesandkidneydisease.Itiseventhoughttobeprematurelyageingthefacesofcitydwellersbyacceleratingwrinklesandage6.What’sworse,almost90%oftheworld’schildrenlivewhereoutdoorairpollution7WHOlimits.
Increasingefforts8globalwarmingbycuttingthefossilfuelconsumptionwillhelpcutairpollution.Somemajorworldcitiesarealsodoingsomething9trafficsmogbysettingdates10theworstpollutingcarswillbebanned.Thehugecutsinhealthcoststhatcouldbeachievedwithcleanerairarebecomingbetterunderstood.
1. A.amount
B.sector
C.toll
D.equivalent
2. A.in
B.to
C.for
D.by
3. A.combined
B.united
C.integrated
D.connected
4. A.deal
B.cope
C.cherish
D.tackle
5. A.incident
B.incidence
C.accident
D.instance
6. A.spots
B.areas
C.sections
D.spans
7. A.recedes
B.succeeds
C.exceeds
D.precedes
8. A.offighting
B.tofighting
C.forfight
D.tofight
9. A.for
B.with
C.about
D.from
10.A.inwhich B.forwhich C.aboutwhich D.bywhich
PartVReadingComprehension(20points,1pointeach)
Directions:
Inthispartofthetest,therearefourshortpassages.Readeachpassagecarefully,andthendothequestionsthatfollow.ChoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenandanswerthequestionsonyourAnswerSheet.
PassageOne
DespitetheenormouscontributionofthemusicindustrytotheUKeconomyandthehugebenefitstochildren,thegovernmentremainsquietaboutitsimportanceinschools,butinsteadannouncedplanstotrymentalhealthtrainingforpupilsrecently.Ithasnotdawnedonpoliticiansthatthiscanbeachievedthroughthearts.
Musiceducationhasbecomeharder
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