英语六级真题及答案无听力Word文档格式.docx
- 文档编号:6110158
- 上传时间:2023-05-06
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:28
- 大小:62.60KB
英语六级真题及答案无听力Word文档格式.docx
《英语六级真题及答案无听力Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语六级真题及答案无听力Word文档格式.docx(28页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
3.在我看来……
TheCertificateCraze
Certificatecraze
Recentlythephenomenonofcertificatecrazehasbecomeabigconcernofthepublic.Itisalsoanewcrazeintheuniversity,whichseemslikearoutineactivityoncampus,forcertificatesdoplayavitalrolewhenstudentslookforadecentjob.
Admittedly,therearedifferentpurposesbehindthisphenomenon.Somepeopleaimatcertificatesbecauseoftheemploymentpressure.Withtheadmissionexpansionofcolleges,agreatmanygraduateshavetofacethefiercecompetitioninthejobmarket.Soitisthecertificatesthatcanmakethemmorecompetitive.However,someothersconsiderallthediplomaandcertificatesimportantstandardsbywhichaperson’sabilitycanbemeasured.Theysparenoefforttogetthecertificatesforthesolepurposeofprovingthattheyarequalifiedinacertainfield.Moreover,therearethosewhojustwanttoenrichtheirlifebypreparingforthecertificatesbecausetheyreallyenjoytheirprogress.
Frommypointofview,weshouldbemorerationalwhenitcomestocertificates,sincecertificatesdonotnecessarilyproveone’sability.Beingcrazyingettingcertificationsblindlyisnothingbutwastingtime.Toconclude,weshouldfocusonimprovingourabilitybutnotmerelygettingacertificate.
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
MinorityReport
Americanuniversitiesareacceptingmoreminoritiesthanever.Graduatingthemisanothermatter.
BarryMills,thepresidentofBowdoinCollege,wasjustifiablyproudofBowdoin'
seffortstorecruitminoritystudents.Since2003thesmall,eliteliberalartsschoolinBrunswick,Maine,hasboostedtheproportionof
so-calledunder-representedminoritystudentsinenteringfreshmanclassesfrom8%to13%."
Itisourresponsibilitytoreachoutandattractstudentstocometoourkindsofplaces,"
hetold
aNEWSWEEKreporter.ButBowdoinhasnotdonequiteaswellwhenitcomestoactuallygraduatingminorities.While9outof10whitestudentsroutinelygettheirdiplomaswithinsixyears,only7outof10blackstudentsmadeittograduationdayinseveralrecentclasses.
"
Ifyoulookatwhoenterscollege,itnowlookslikeAmerica,"
saysHilaryPennington,directorofpostsecondaryprogramsfortheBill&
MelindaGatesFoundation,whichhascloselystudiedenrollmentpatternsinhighereducation."
Butifyoulookatwhowalksacrossthestageforadiploma,it'
sstilllargelythewhite,upper-incomepopulation."
TheUnitedStatesoncehadthehighestgraduationrateofanynation.Nowitstands10th.ForthefirsttimeinAmericanhistory,thereistheriskthattherisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.Thegraduationrateamong25-to34-year-oldsisnobetterthantherateforthe55-to64-year-oldswhoweregoingtocollegemorethan30yearsago.Studiesshowthatmoreandmorepoorandnon-whitestudentswanttograduatefromcollege–buttheirgraduationratesfallfarshortoftheirdreams.Thegraduationratesforblacks,Latinos,andNativeAmericanslagfarbehindthegraduationratesforwhitesandAsians.AstheminoritypopulationgrowsintheUnitedStates,lowcollegegraduationratesbecomeathreattonationalprosperity.
Theproblemispronouncedatpublicuniversities.In2007theUniversityofWisconsin-Madison–oneofthetopfiveorsoprestigiouspublicuniversities–graduated81%ofitswhitestudentswithinsixyears,butonly
56%ofitsblacks.Atless-selectivestateschools,thenumbersgetworse.Duringthesametimeframe,theUniversityofNorthernIowagraduated67%ofitswhitestudents,butonly39%ofitsblacks.Communitycollegeshavelowgraduationratesgenerally–butrock-bottomratesforminorities.Arecentreviewof
CaliforniacommunitycollegesfoundthatwhileathirdoftheAsianstudentspickeduptheirdegrees,only
15%ofAfrican-Americansdidsoaswell.
Privatecollegesanduniversitiesgenerallydobetter,partlybecausetheyoffersmallerclassesandmorepersonalattention.Butwhenitcomestoasignificantgraduationgap,Bowdoinhascompany.NearbyColbyCollegeloggedan18-pointdifferencebetweenwhiteandblackgraduatesin2007and25pointsin2006.MiddleburyCollegeinVermont,anothertopschool,hada19-pointgapin2007anda22-pointgapin2006.Themostselectiveprivateschools–Harvard,Yale,andPrinceton–showalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationrates.Butthatmayhavemoretodowiththeirabilitytoselectthebeststudents.AccordingtodatagatheredbyHarvardLawSchoolprofessorLainGainer,themostselectiveschoolsaremorelikelytochooseblackswhohaveatleastoneimmigrantparentfromAfricaortheCaribbeanthanblackstudentswhoaredescendantsofAmericanslaves.
Highereducationhasbeenabletoduckthisissueforyears,particularlythemoreselectiveschools,bysayingtheresponsibilityisontheindividualstudent,"
saysPenningtonoftheGatesFoundation."
Iftheyfail,it'
stheirfault."
Somecriticsblameaffirmativeaction–studentsadmittedwithlowertestscoresandgradesfromshakyhighschoolsoftenstruggleateliteschools.Butabiggerproblemmaybethatpoorhighschoolsoftensendtheirstudentstocollegesforwhichtheyare"
undermatched"
:
theycouldgetintomoreelite,richerschools,butinsteadgotocommunitycollegesandlow-ratedstateschoolsthatlacktheresourcestohelp
them.Someschoolsoutforprofitcynicallyincreasetuitionsandcountonstudentloansandfederalaidtofootthebill–knowingfullwellthatthestudentswon'
tmakeit."
Theschoolkeepsthemoney,butthekidleaveswithloadsofdebtandnodegreeandnoabilitytogetabetterjob.Collegesarenotholdinguptheirend,"
saysAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrust.
Acollegeeducationisgettingevermoreexpensive.Since1982tuitionshavebeenrisingatroughlytwicetherateofinflation.In2008thenetcostofattendingafour-yearpublicuniversity–afterfinancialaid–equaled
28%ofmedian(中间的)familyincome,whileafour-yearprivateuniversitycost76%ofmedianfamily
income.Moreandmorescholarshipsarebasedonmerit,notneed.Poorerstudentsarenotalwaysthe
best-informedconsumers.Oftentheywindupdeeplyindebtorsimplyunabletopayafterayearortwoandmustdropout.
Thereoncewasatimewhenuniversitiestookprideintheirdropoutrates.Professorswouldbegintheyearbysaying,"
Looktotherightandlooktotheleft.Oneofyouisnotgoingtobeherebytheendoftheyear."
ButsuchaDarwinianspiritisbeginningtogivewayasatleastafewcollegesfaceuptothegraduationgap.AttheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,thegaphasbeenroughlyhalvedoverthelastthreeyears.Theuniversityhaspouredresourcesintopeercounselingtohelpstudentsfrominner-cityschoolsadjustto
therigor(严格要求)andfasterpaceofauniversityclassroom–andalsotohelpminoritystudentsovercome
thestereotypethattheyarelessqualified.Wisconsinhasa"
laserlikefocus"
onbuildingupstudentskillsinthefirstthreemonths,accordingtoviceprovost(教务长)DamonWilliams.
Stateandfederalgovernmentscouldsharpenthatfocuseverywherebybroadlypublishingminoritygraduationrates.ForyearsprivatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThavehadsuccessbringingminoritiesontocampusinthesummerbeforefreshmanyeartogivethemsomeprepareTorycourses.Thenewertrendistostartrecruitingpoorandnon-whitestudentsasearlyastheseventhgrade,usinginnovativetoolstoidentifykidswithsophisticatedverbalskills.Suchprogramscanbeexpensive,ofcourse,butcheapcomparedwiththemillionsalreadyinvestedinscholarshipsandgrantsforkidswhohavelittlechancetograduatewithoutspecialsupport.
Witheffortandmoney,thegraduationgapcanbeclosed.WashingtonandLeeisasmall,selectiveschoolinLexington,Va.Itsstudentbodyislessthan5%blackandlessthan2%Latino.Whiletheschoolusuallygraduatedabout90%ofitswhites,thegraduationrateofitsblacksandLatinoshaddippedto63%by2007."
Wewentthroughadramaticshift,"
saysDawnWatkins,thevicepresidentforstudentaffairs.Theschool
aggressivelypushedmentoring(辅导)ofminoritiesbyotherstudentsand"
partnering"
withparentsata
specialpre-enrollmentsession.Theschoolhaditsfirst-everblackhomecoming.Lastspringtheschoolgraduatedthesameproportionofminoritiesasitdidwhites.IftheUnitedStateswantstokeepupintheglobaleconomicrace,itwillhavetopaysystematicattentiontograduatingminorities,notjustenrollingthem.
1.Whatistheauthor'
smainconcernaboutAmericanhighereducation?
A)Thesmallproportionofminoritystudents.
B)Thelowgraduationratesofminoritystudents.C)Thegrowingconflictsamongethnicgroups.D)Thepooracademicperformanceofstudents.
2.WhatwastheprideofPresidentBarryMillsofBowdoinCollege?
A)Theprestigeofitsliberalartsprograms.B)ItsrankingamonguniversitiesinMaine.
C)Thehighgraduationratesofitsstudents.
D)Itsincreasedenrollmentofminoritystudents.
3.WhatistheriskfacingAmerica?
A)Itsschoolswillbeoverwhelmedbythegrowingnumberofillegalimmigrants.B)Therisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.
C)Morepoorandnon-whitestudentswillbedeniedaccesstocollege.D)Itisgoingtoloseitscompetitiveedgeinhighereducation.
4.HowmanyAfrican-AmericanstudentsearnedtheirdegreesinCaliforniac
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语六级 答案 听力