关于经济的英语单词.docx
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关于经济的英语单词.docx
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关于经济的英语单词
rural economics 农村经济 liberal economy 自由经济 mixed economy 混合经济 political economy 政治经济学 protectionism 保护主义 autarchy 闭关自守
economist 经济学家
socialist economy 社会主义经济 capitalist economy 资本主义经济 collective economy 集体经济 planned economy 计划经济 controlled economy 管制经济 primary sector 初级成分
private sector 私营成分,私营部门 public sector 公共部门,公共成分 economic channels 经济渠道 economic balance 经济平衡 economic fluctuation 经济波动 economic depression 经济衰退 economic stability 经济稳定 economic policy 经济政策 economic recovery 经济复原 understanding 约定 concentration 集中
holding company 控股公司 trust 托拉斯 cartel 卡特尔
rate of growth 增长
economic trend 经济趋势 economic situation 经济形势 infrastructure 基本建设
standard of living 生活标准,生活水平 purchasing power, buying power 购买力 scarcity 短缺
stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气 underdevelopment 不发达 underdeveloped 不发达的 developing 发展中的
国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)
人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP
产值 output value
鼓励 give incentive to
投入 input
宏观控制 exercise macro-control
优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure
输入活力 bring vigor into
改善经济环境 improve economic environment
整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order
有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation
非公有成分 non-public sectors
主要成分 dominant sector
实在的 tangible
全体会议 plenary session
解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces
引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley
举措 move
实事求是 seek truth from facts
引进、输入 importation
和平演变 peaceful evolution
试一下 have a go (at sth.)
精华、精粹、实质 quintessence
家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system
搞活企业 invigorate enterprises
商品经济 commodity economy
基石 cornerstone
零售 retail
发电量 electric energy production
有色金属 nonferrous metals
人均收入 per capita income
使负担 be saddled with
营业发达的公司 going concerns
被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business
善于接受的 receptive
增额、增值、增长 increment
发展过快 excessive growth
抽样调查 data from the sample survey
扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)
实际增长率 actual growth rate
国际收支 international balance of payments
流通制度 circulation system
总工资 total wages
分配形式 forms of distribution
风险资金 risk funds
管理不善 poor management
一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points
以经济建设为中心,坚持四项基本原则
(1)社会主义道路
(2)党的领导(3)人民民主专政(4)马列主义
毛泽东思想、坚持改革开放
the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal
principles - adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's
democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in
reform and opening.
改革是“社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展”。
Reform is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."
我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力,是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力,
是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。
The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist
productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist
country, and whether it brings about better living standards.
社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力,消灭剥削,消除贫富两极分化,最终达到共同富裕。
The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the
elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final
achievement of common prosperity.
要人们警惕右和“左”的影响,特别是“左”的根深蒂固的影响。
to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations, particularly
of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.
中国要警惕右,但更要防“左”。
China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primarily, it should guard
against the "Left"deviation.
资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。
Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.随着改革的深化,国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小,而市场调节的范围将会扩大。
As the reform further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed,
while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.
初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。
to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.
各尽所能,按劳/需分配。
from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.
经济结构改革。
reform in economic structure
剩余劳动力。
surplus labor
经营机制
operative mechanism
发挥市场的调节作用
to give play to the regulatory role of the market
经济和法律的杠杆
economic and legal leverages
经济计划和市场调节相结合
to combine economic planning with market regulation
计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制
a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation
取消国家对农产品的统购统销
to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products
改革重点转移到城市
the focus of reform is shifted to the cities
国家的根本任务是,集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设
The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.
逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化,把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。
to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and techn
ology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a
high level of culture and democracy.
社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制,即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。
The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means
of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the
working people.
国有经济,即社会主义全民所有制经济,是国民经济中的主导力量。
The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people;
it is the leading force in the national economy.
国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。
The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.
农业 farming
林业 forestry
畜牧业 animal husbandry
副业 sideline production
渔业 fishing
第一产业 primary industry
第二产业 secondary industry
第三产业 tertiary industry
生产资料 means of production
生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence
生产关系 relations of production
生产力 productive forces
公有制 public ownership
私有制 private ownership
全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people
社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership
厉行节约,反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste
外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise
合资企业 joint venture
合作企业 cooperative enterprise
独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise
亚洲金融危机 financial crisis in Asia
沿海经济开发区 open coastal economic area
养老保险 endowment insurance
养老金 pension 养路费 road toll
以产定人,减员增效
employ workers in accordance with production needsand increase efficiency while reducing the staff
异地资金汇划 fund remittance between different places
一个中心,两个基本点 one central task, two basic points
以公有制为主体,多种经济成分共同发展
the pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and diverse
sectors of the economy developing side by side 一级市场 primary market
溢价 premium
溢价发行债券(以超过票面金额价发行债券) issue of bonds at a premium
以经济建设为中心 focusing on the central task of economic construction
一揽子(计划) one-package (plan)
一揽子购买 lump-sum purchase; basket purchase
以人为本 people oriented; people foremost
以上海浦东开发开放为龙头,进一步开放长江沿岸城市 open more cities along
the Yangtze River, while concentrating on the development and opening of
the Pudong Area of Shanghai
隐性收入 invisible income; off-payroll income; side money
以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 "
strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of quality"
以质量求发展 strategy of development through quality; win the market with
quality products
以资证明 in witness whereof; in testimony thereof 印花税 stamp duty / tax
隐性就业 unregistered employment
隐形牧人 invisible income; off-payroll income 隐性失业 recessive unemployment 赢利能力 profitability
营销管理 marketing management 营业税 turnover tax; business tax
永久正常贸易关系 permanent normal trading relations (PNTR)
优化结构 optimize structure
优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure
优化资源配置 optimize the allocation of resources
优化组合 optimization grouping; optional regrouping 优惠贷款 loans on favorable terms 有机农业 organic agriculture 优胜劣汰 survival of the fittest
优势互补 (of two countries or companies) have complementary advantages
幼稚工业 infant industry
游资 idle money / fund; floating capital
与国际惯例接轨 become compatible with internationally accepted practices 与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market
预算外收入 extra-budgetary revenue 预算外支出 off-budget expenditure
远景规划 perspective long-term plan
远景计划 long-term development targets 远期合同 forward contract
原始资本 original capital 再贷款 re-lending; subloan
在孵(孵化器)企业 incubated enterprises (incubator)
再就业服务中心 re-employment service center
再就业工程 re-employment project / program
宰(客) to swindle money out of our customers 在途资金 fund in float
增发股票 increase issues in stocks
增加信任,减少麻烦,发展合作,不搞对抗
enhance trust, reduce trouble,develop cooperation and avoid confrontation
造假帐 falsified accounts 增值税 value added tax(VAT) 渣打银行 The Chartered Bank 债台高筑 become debt-ridden 债转股 debt-to-equity swap 招标 invite a bid
招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project 招股说明书 prospectus
招商局 China Merchants Steam Navigation Co. Ltd. (China Merchants) 招商引资 attract/bid for/invite investments (from overseas) 朝阳产业 sunrise industry 折旧费 depreciation charge
折衷方案 a compromise proposal 振兴经济 revitalize the economy
政策性贷款 policy-based lending; policy-related loan
政策性亏损 policy-related losses; losses incurred due to policy decisions 政策银行 policy banks
政府采购 government procurement
政府搭台,部门推动,企业唱戏
"Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show
政府干预 government intervention
政企不分
without a clear line between the functions of the government and enterprises; the functions of the government and enterprises mixed up
政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management
证券化 securitisation
证券监督管理委员会 securities supervision commission
证券营业部 stock exchange; security exchange 支付能力 payment capacity
直接三通与双向交流
three direct links (mail, air and shipping services and tra
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