最新 高考英语 阅读理解精选及答案50Word文件下载.docx
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最新 高考英语 阅读理解精选及答案50Word文件下载.docx
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⒋Andbothsexesshouldstopbyage80,unlesstheirdoctorssayotherwise.Asyougetolder,there'
sagreaterriskofbleedinginthebrainorthedigestivesystem,ariskthatissmallbutcanbedeadlyinsomecases.
Ifpeoplestarttakingaspirinastheguidelines,doctorssaytheirriskofheartattackswilldropbyabout20percent."
Peoplemayaskthemselves'
AmIatriskforaheartattackorastroke?
'
"
saidDr.RandalThomas,directorofcardiovas-cularhealthattheMayoClinicinMinnesota"
Ifyouareage45andmale,ifyou'
reaboveage55andfemale,theanswerismostlikelyyes,andyouwillmostlikelybenefitfromtakingasmalldoseofaspirinaday.
(1)WhatmightDr.TimJohnsonthinkoftakinganaspirinaday?
A.
Itisuselessfortheold.
B.
Itwillkeepthedoctoraway.
C.
Itisbeneficialtohealth.
D.
Itwillhaveharmfulsideeffects.
(2)Whatcanwelearnfromtheguidelines?
Theaspirinhasthesameeffectonbothmenandwomen.
Alargedoseofaspirinwillcausebleedinginthebrain.
Peopleshouldstarttakingaspirinatage45.
Itwillbeawasteifyoutakemorethan81milligramofaspirinaday.
(3)WhatmightbeDr.RandalThomasattitudetotheguidelines?
Critical.
Supportive.
Cautious.
Doubtful.
(4)Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
Howtokeepthedoctoraway.
Howtoreducethehealthyrisk.
Whatarebenefitsofaspirin.
Whoshouldtakeaspirinandwhen.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)D
(3)B
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍类"
谁应该在什么时候服用阿司匹林"
。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的”Dr.TimJohnsondiscussesevidenceofadailydoseofaspirin'
sbenefits.“可知阿司匹林对健康是有好处的。
故选C。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第三小点”ababyaspirin-typically81milligramaday-willdothejob.Thereisnoevidencethatalargedosemakesadifference.“可知阿司匹林服入超过81毫克是没有作用的,也就是过多的服用是浪费,故选D。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的”youwillmostlikelybenefitfromtakingasmalldoseofaspirinaday.“每天服用小剂量的阿斯匹林最有可能使你受益。
可推知Dr.RandalThomas指导方针持支持态度。
故选B。
(4)考查主旨大意。
根据最后一段中的”Ifyouareage45andmale,ifyou'
reaboveage55andfemale,theanswerismostlikelyyes,andyouwillmostlikelybenefitfromtakingasmalldoseofaspirinaday.“可知,短文介绍服用阿司匹林的指导方针。
45岁的男性和55岁以上的女性,是可以服用阿司匹林的,每天服用小剂量的阿司匹林中受益。
可知文章主要讲的是"
谁应该在什么时候服用阿司匹林。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇医学类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理,概括归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Afewhoursaftermyfirstmission,returningtoEarthonthespaceshuttleEndeavour,Icompletedallofmymedicaltestsafterflight,metwithNASAofficials,andreunitedwithmyfamily.Finally,IwasaloneinmyofficeroominastronautcrewquartersattheKennedySpaceCenter,exhaustedandreadyforbed.AndIdidwhatanyonedoeswhentheyreturntotheirhotelroomonabusinesstrip:
IturnedontheTV.Thetelevisionnewsstartedup:
Suchandsuchhadhappened,peoplewereshocked,blahblahblah.Sportsscores.Sillycommercials.
Itdidn'
ttakemorethanaminutebeforeIhadtoturnitoff.Itfeltlikemybodywasrejectingallthisinput,justasitwouldrejectanorgandonationthathadthewrongbloodtype.AllofthisnoisewasjustcompletelyforeigntowhoIwas—or,moreappropriately,whoIhadbecome.Afewhoursbefore,IhadbeenorbitingEarth,seeingourplanetfromspace,flyingthemostamazingmachineeverbuiltbyhumanhands,workingwithateamthatwastheabsolutesuccessofhuman.Andnowhereinmyroomwatchingwhatwasbeingsoldasnews,andwithmynewfoundperspective,Ijustcouldnotstomachit.Myworldviewwaschangedforeverinaprofound(深刻的)way.
ThebiggestchangebyfarandtheoneforwhichIwillalwaysbemostgratefulisthisbig-pictureperspective.Thatwillstickwithmefortherestofmylife.
WheneverIfeelthepressureofmodernlife,thestressaboutwork,orworryaboutthefuture,Iremembermytimeinthespacestation.BacktoseeingthesunsetOrwatchingourgalaxyriseonthehorizon.Orseeingaseaoflightningflashahundredtimesasecond.Orsimplybacktofloatingweightlessly.
WhenI'
mthereinmymindandrealizehowmanybillionsofthesebeautifulsunsetstherehavebeenandwillbeinthefuture,thecaresoftheworldjustdon'
tseemthatpressing.Itgoesthat,"
Donotworryabouttomorrow,fortomorrowwillworryaboutitself."
Livingdailylifedownhereontheplanetissomuchbetterwiththisattitude!
(1)Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordstomachinparagraph2?
Access.
Attend.
Accept.
Afford.
(2)Whatisthemostimportantchangetothewriter?
Hehasabroaderviewoftheworld.
Hedoesn'
tlikewatchingTVanymore.
Hewillalwaysbemostgratefulforeverything.
Hecanflythemostamazingmachinebyhands.
(3)Whatattitudetolifedoesthewritertendtohave?
cagedbirdlongsforclouds.
Liveinthepresentmoment.
Letbygonesbebygones.
Timeworksgreatchanges.
(2)A
(3)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,讲述了在一次太空之旅后作者对待生活的态度的变化。
(1)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“Itdidn'
ttakemorethanaminutebeforeIhadtoturnitoff.”以及画线词后的“Myworldviewwaschangedforeverinaprofound(深刻的)way.”可知,我的世界观以一种深刻的方式永远改变了,因此此处是说以我现在的视角,看这种新闻是我无法忍受的,所以不到一分钟我就关掉了电视,由此可知画线词词义为“接受、忍受”,故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“ThebiggestchangebyfarandtheoneforwhichIwillalwaysbemostgratefulisthisbig-pictureperspective.”可知,作者最重要的改变是他对世界有更广阔的看法,故选A。
根据最后一段中的“Itgoesthat,‘Donotworryabouttomorrow,fortomorrowwillworryaboutitself.’Livingdailylifedownhereontheplanetissomuchbetterwiththisattitude!
”可知,它说,“不要为将来担心,生活在这个星球上的日常生活是如此的好,这句话表明了作者对待生活的态度是不要担心将来,活在当下,故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Thenewsocialrobots,includingJibo,Cozmo,KuriandMeccanoM.A.X.,bearsomeresemblancetoassistantslikeApple'
sSiri,buttheserobotscomewithsomethingmore.Theyaredesignedtowinusovernotwiththeirsmartsbutwiththeirpersonality.Theyaresoldascompanionsthatdomorethantalktous.Timemagazinehailed(称赞)therobotsthat"
couldfundamentallyreshapehowweinteractwithmachines."
Butisreshapinghowweinteractwithmachinesagoodthing,especiallyforchildren?
Someresearchersinfavoroftherobotsdon'
tseeaproblemwiththis.Peoplehaverelationshipswithmanykindsofthings.Somesayrobotsarejustanotherthingwithwhichwecanhaverelationships.Tosupporttheirargument,roboticistssometimespointtohowchildrendealwithtoydolls.Childrenanimate(赋予…生命)dollsandturnthemintoimaginaryfriends.Jibo,inasense,willbeonemoreimaginaryfriend,andarguablyamoreintelligentandfunone.
Gettingattachedtodollsandsociablemachinesisdifferent,though.Today'
srobotstellchildrenthattheyhaveemotions,friendships,evendreamstoshare.Inreality,thewholegoaloftherobotsisemotionaltrickery.Forinstance,Cozmotherobotneedstobefed,repairedandplayedwith.BorisSofman,thechiefexecutiveofAnki,thecompanybehindCozmo,saysthattheideaistocreate"
adeeperanddeeperemotionalconnection...Andifyouneglecthim,youfeelthepainofthat."
Whatisthepointofthis,exactly?
Whatdoesitmeantofeelthepainofneglectingsomethingthatfeelsnopainatbeingneglected,ortofeelangeratbeingneglectedbysomethingthatdoesn'
tevenknowitisneglectingyou?
Thisshouldnotbeouronlyconcern.Itistroublingthattheserobotstrytoempathizewithchildren.Empathyallowsustoputourselvesintheplaceofothers,toknowwhattheyarefeeling.Robots,however,havenoemotionstoshare,andtheycannotputthemselvesinourplace.Nomatterwhatroboticcreatures"
say"
orsqueak,theydon'
tunderstandouremotionallives.Theypresentthemselvesasempathymachines,buttheyaremissingtheessentialequipment.Theyhavenotbeenborn,theydon'
tknowpain,ordeath,orfear.Robotthinkingmaybethinking,butrobotfeelingisneverfeeling,androbotloveisneverlove.
Whatisalsotroublingisthatchildrentakerobots'
behaviortoindicatefeelings.Whentherobotsinteractwiththem,childrentakethisasevidencethattherobotslikethem,andwhenrobotsdon'
tworkwhenneeded,childrenalsotakeitpersonally.Theirrelationshipswiththerobotsaffecttheirself-esteem(自尊).Inonestudy,an8-year-oldboyconcludedthattherobotstoppedtalkingtohimbecausetherobotlikedhisbrothersbetter.
Forsolong,wedreamedofartificialintelligenceofferingusnotonlysimplehelpbutconversationandcare.Nowthatourdreamisbecomingreal,itistimetodealwiththeemotionaldownsid
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