新编跨文化交际英语教程测试题(八).docx
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新编跨文化交际英语教程测试题(八).docx
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跨文化交际测试题(八)
I.MultipleChoice (20points,2pointseach)
Directions:
Therearesomestatementsinthissection.ForeachstatementtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,choosetheONEthatbestcompletesthestatement.
1. _____dealswithasociety’stoleranceforuncertaintyandambiguity;itultimatelyreferstoman’ssearchforTruth.
A.Culturalvalues B.Powerdistance
C.Culturaldimension D.Uncertaintyavoidance
2. Inthe_____culture,theinterestoftheindividualprevailsovertheinterestsofthegroup.
A.masculinity B.femininity
C.individualist D.collectivism
3. _____stylevalueslowamountoftalk,orevensilence.Thisstylecanbefoundinhigh-contextculturewithhighuncertaintyavoidance.
A.Elaborate B.Exacting
C.Succinct D.Contextual
4. _____stylefocusesonthespeakerandrolerelationships.Peoplewithsuchcommunicationstylestresshighpowerdistance.Thisstyleispopularincollectivistandhigh-contextculture.
A.Contextual B.Personal
C.Succinct D.Elaborate
5. _____isthewayweusefixedspaceandpersonalspace.
A.Olfactics B.Proxemics
C.Haptics D.Kinesics
6. _____istheenvironmentinwhichthecommunicationtakesplaceandwhichhelpsdefinethecommunication.
A.Context B.Source
C.Receiverresponse D.Feedback
7. The________referstothetraumaticexperiencethatanindividualmayencounterwhenenteringadifferentsociety.
A.Dissimilation B.Assimilation
C.Integration D.Cultureshock
8. Culturesinwhichlesshastobesaidorwrittenbecausemoreofthemeaningisinthephysicalenvironmentoralreadybypeopleare___________.
A.Directcontext B.Indirectcontext
C.lowcontext D.highcontext
9. ______referstohostilewordsand/oractionsthatpeoplesayordoagainstacertaingroupbecausethatgroupisdifferent.
A.Hatespeech B.Betrayalspeech
C.Patrioticspeech D.AcademicSpeech
10. _____isconsideredinappropriateasaformofgreetingintheUnitedStatesandChina.
A.Etiquette B.Bowing
C.Embracing D.Handshake
II.Terms (15points,3pointseach)
Directions:
Therearefivetermsinthissection.Trytoexplainthefollowingtermsinyourownwords.ThenwritedowntheanswersontheAnswerSheet.
11. Segregation
12. Context
13. InterethnicCommunication
14. Collectivism
15. Individualism
III.CaseAnalysis (20points,5pointseach)
Directions:
Inthissectionyouaresupposedtoanalyzethefollowingcasesfromtheperspectiveofinterculturalcommunication.ThenwritedowntheanswersontheAnswerSheet.
16. IfyouaredealingwithaforeigncorporationinwhichnoonespeaksEnglishasanativeorsecondlanguage,whatmaybenecessaryinorderforyourcorporationandtheforeigncorporationtoworktogether?
HowdoesaU.S.corporationreactwhentheothercorporationdoesnotspeakitslanguage?
Ifthecorporationhastheflexibilitytodealwithanothercompanyinwhichsomeonespeaksitslanguageversusoneinwhichnoonedoes,whichcompanywouldreceivetheorder?
17. AU.S.executivewasworkingwithaconventionboothbuilderinEngland.TheEnglishwouldnotgiveadateofcompletionfortheboothorashippingdatetotheUnitedStatesandwerenotworkingonthebooth.Everyweekforaboutsixweeks,theU.S.executivewouldcallandinquireaboutthestateofthebooth.OnedaytheexecutivecalledandwasgiventheusuallitanyofexcusessohegavetheEnglishanultimatum.Thenextweektheultimatumwasnotactedupon,andtheU.S.executiveinformedthecompanyhewouldhaveatruckingcompanypickupandshiptheboothtotheUnitedStates.TwicethetruckingcompanywenttopickuptheboothandwastoldbytheEnglishcompanythattheywerenotauthorizedtopickupthebooth.TheU.S.executivefinallyhadtohiretheadvertisingfirminEnglandthathadoriginallyhiredtheboothmanufacturertointerveneandgettheboothshipped.WhenthebootharrivedintheUnitedStates,ithadnotbeenpackedproperlyandrequiredadditionalwork.
18. AU.S.companysentarepresentativetonegotiateacontractwithaJapanesefirm.TheU.S.representativearrivedattheappointedtimeforthismeetingandwasshowntothemeetingroomwheresixrepresentativesfromtheJapanesefirmmetwithhim.Duringhispresentation,theJapanesemovedtheirheadsinanupanddownmotion;however,theysaidverylittle.ThepresentationwasgiveninEnglishastherepresentativehadbeentoldtheJapaneseunderstoodEnglish.Whentherepresentativeaskediftherewereanyquestions,everyonenoddedpolitely;however,noonesaidaword.Afterafewminutes,therepresentativeaskediftheywerereadytosignthecontracts.OneoftheJapanesesaid,”Itisverydifficultforustosign.”Atthispointtherepresentativesaid,“ShouldIleavethecontractwithyou?
”TheJapanesesaid,“Yes.”TheU.S.representativereturnedtotheUnitedStatesexpectingtheJapanesetoreturnthecontractwhichdidnothappen.ExplainwhattheJapanesewerereallysayingbynoddingtheirheadsandusingtheword“difficult.”
19. OnhisfirsttriptoMexico,Harry,aU.S.managerinterestedinnegotiatingacontractforhisfirmwithaMexicanfirm,wasinvitedtoadinnerpartybyhisMexicancounterpart.Sincetheinvitationindicatedthatcocktailswouldbeginat7p.m.,Harryarrivedpromptlyatthattime.Hishostseemedsurprised,andnooneelsehadarrived.Peoplebeganarrivingabout8p.m.;Harryknewhehadreadtheinvitationcorrectlybutfelthehadgottenofftoabadstart.
IV.ShortAnswer (30points,5pointseach)
Directions:
Inthissectionyouaresupposedtoanswerthefollowingquestionswiththeknowledgeofinterculturalcommunication. ThenwritedowntheanswersontheAnswerSheet.
20. Talkaboutdifferencesbetweenenculturationandacculturation.
21. Whatarethecharacteristicsofcommunication?
22. WhatdoesHofstede’sshort-termorientationemphasize?
23. Howdoyouunderstandtheacceptablemale/femalerelationshipindifferentcultures?
24. MuslimssubmittoAllahthrougharkanad-din,thefivebasicrequirementsor“pillar”.Whatarethesefivebasicrequirements?
25. Howdoescultureaffectsensing?
V. English—ChineseTranslation (15points,3pointseach)
Directions:
InthissectionyouaresupposedtotranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.ThenwritedowntheanswersontheAnswerSheet.
26.Someculturalcharacteristicswillbeeasytoidentify,e.g.whetherpeopleareconsciousofstatusormakedisplaysofmaterialwealth.Butmanyrightsareassumed,valuesareimplied,andneedsareunspoken,(e.g.forsafety,security,love,asenseofbelongingtoagroup,self-esteem,andtheabilitytoattainone'sgoals).Forexample,issuesofpersonalsecurity,dignity,andcontrolwillbeverydifferentasbetweenanabledandadisabledperson.27.Similarly,theremaybeproblemsofrespectwhenapersonfromarigidlyclass-basedculturemeetsameritocrat,orwherethereisracism,sexismorreligiousintoleranceinplay.28.Insuchsituations,identityisfundamentalwhendisputingtheproperroleor"place"oftheother,aboutwhoisincontroloftheirlives,andhowtheypresentthemselvestotheoutsideworld.Buttherealityismoredeeplyrootedinpowerrelationships:
aboutwhoisontopofthesocial,economic,and/orpoliticalhierarchy.29.Familymembersorlongtermrivalsmaybeobsessedwiththeirmutualcompetition.Therelationshipsbetweenracialorethnicgroupsmaybeaffectedbyeconomicjealousy.Nationsmayassertthattheirpoliticalsystemsaresuperior.Suchconflictsaredifficulttoresolvebecausenoonewantstobetheloser,andfewarewillingtosharethewinnings.30.Stereotypingcanaggravatetheseproblemsandpreventpeoplefromrealisingthatthereisanotherwaytointerpretasituation,orthatothergroupsmaydefinetheirrightsinadifferentway.Hence,whatmayappearjustorfairtoonegroupcanoftenseemunjusttoanopposinggroup.
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