在职硕士同等学力冲刺班阅读和完型讲义全.doc
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在职硕士同等学力冲刺班阅读和完型讲义全.doc
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新东方在线[]在职硕士英语网络课堂电子教材系列阅读与完型
模拟试题一
Passageone
ThelivesofveryfewNewarkresidentsareuntouchedbyviolence:
NewJersey’sbiggestcityhasseenitall.Yetthemurderofthreeyoungpeople,whowereforcedtokneelbeforebeingshotinthebackoftheheadinaschoolplaygroundonAugust4th,hasshakenthecity.Afourth,whosurvived,wasstabbedandshotintheface.Thefourvictimswerebyallaccountsgoodkids,allenrolledincollege,allwithafuture.Butthecruelmurder,itseems,hasatlastforcedNewarkerstosaytheyhavehadenough.
Grassrootsorganizations,likeStopShooting,havebeenfloodedwithoffersofhelpandsupportsincethekillings.YusefIsmail,itsco-founder,saysthegrouphasbeengoingdoor-to-dooraskingpeopletosignapledgeofnon-violence.Theyhopetoget50,000topromiseto“stopshooting,startthinking,andkeepliving.”TheNewarkCommunityFoundation,whichwaslaunchedlastmonth,announcedonAugust14ththatitwillhelppayforCommunityEye,asurveillance(监视)systemtailoredtowardsguncrime.
CoryBookerwhobecamemayor13monthsagowithamissiontorevitalizethecity,believesthesurveillanceprogramwillbethelargestcameraandaudionetworkinanyAmericancity.Morethan30cameraswereinstalledearlierthissummerandafurther50willbeinstalledsooninaseven-squaremileareawhere80%ofthecity’srecentshootingshaveoccurred.Andmorecamerasareplanned.
Whenagunshotisdetected,thesurveillancecamerazoomsinonthatspot.SimilartechnologyinChicagohasincreasedarrestsanddecreasedshootings.Mr.Bookerplanstoannounceacomprehensivegunstrategylaterthisweek.
Mr.Booker,aswellaschurchleadersandothers,believes(orhopes)thatafterthemurderthecitywillnolongerstandbyincoldness.Forgenerations,Newarkhasbeenparalyzedbypoverty----almostoneinthreepeoplelivesbelowthepovertyline----andgrowingindifferencetocrime.
Someareskeptical.SteveMalangaoftheconservativeManhattanInstitutenotesthatNewarkhasdeepsocialproblems:
over60%ofchildrenareinhomeswithoutfathers.Theschoolsystem,takenoverbythestatein1995,isamess.Butthereisalsosomecauseforhope.SinceMr.Bookerwaselected,therehasbeenariseininvestmentandre-zoningfordevelopment.Onlyaround7%ofnearbyNewarkairportworkersusedtocomefromNewark;now,ayear,thefigureis30%.MrBookerhaslaunchedaNewYork-stylewaroncrime.Sofarthisyear,crimehasfallen11%andshootingsaredown30%(throughthemurderratelookslikelytomatchlastyear’shigh).
31.WhathappenedinNewark,NewJerseyonAugust4th?
A.TheNewarkresidentswitnessedamurder.
B.Fouryoungpeoplewerekilledinaschoolplayground.
C.ThenewmayorofNewarktookoffice.
D.Fourcollegestudentsfellvictimtoviolence.
32.Judgingfromthecontext,the“CommunityEye”(Line5,Para2)is_____
A.awatchingsystemforguncrime
B.aneighborhoodprotectionorganization
C.anunprofitablecommunitybusiness
D.agrassrootsorganization
33.WelearnfromthepassagethatNewarkhasallthefollowingproblemsEXCEPT_____
A.violenceB.flood
C.povertyD.indifference
34.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthechurchleaders_______________.
A.detectagunshot
B.believethecitywilldealwiththecrime
C.growindifferencetocrime
D.areskeptical
35.MayorBooker’seffortagainstcrimeseemtobe______
A.idealisticB.impractical
C.effectiveD.fruitless
36.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe_____
A.StopShooting,StartThinking,andKeepLiving
B.EffortstoFightagainstGunCrimes
C.AMissiontoRevitalizetheCity
D.ViolentMurdersinNewark
PassageTwo
Accordingtoarecentsurveyonmoneyandrelationships,36percentofpeoplearekeepingabankaccountfromtheirpartner.Whilethisfinancialunfaithfulnessmayappearasdistrustinarelationship,intruthitmayjustbeaformoffinancialprotection.
Withalmosthalfofallmarriagesendingindivorce,menandwomenarerealizingtheyneedtobefinanciallysavvy,regardlessofwhethertheyareinarelationship.
Thefinancialhardshiponindividualsafteradivorcecanbeextremelydifficult,evenmoresowhenchildrenareinvolved.Thelackofpermanencyinrelationships,jobsandfamilylifemaybethecauseofagrowingtrendtokeepasecretbankaccounthiddenfromapartner;inotherwords,an”escapefund”.
Margaret’sstoryisfarfromunique.Sheisarepresentativeofagrowingnumberofwomeninlong-termrelationshipswhoarebecomingprotectiveoftheirownearnings.
Everymonthonpayday,shebankshundredsofdollarsintoasavingsaccountshekeepsfromherhusband.Shehasbeendoingthisthroughouttheirsix-yearmarriageandhasbuiltanesteggworthanincredible$100,000ontopofherpension.
Margaretsaysifherhusbandfoundoutabouthersecretsavingshe’dhurtandwouldinterpretthisasasignshewasn’tsureofthemarriage.”He’dthinkitwasmyescapefunsothatfinanciallyIcouldaffordtogetoutoftherelationshipifitwentwrong.IknowyoushouldapproachmarriageasbeingforeverandIhopeoursis,butyoucanneverbesure.”
Likemanyofherfellowsecretsavers,Margaretwasstunginaformerrelationshipandhassincebeenveryguardedaboutherownmoney.
Comingcleantoyourpartneraboutbeingasecretsavermaynotbeallthatbad.TakeColleenforexample,whohadbeensavingsecretlyforafewyearsbeforesheconfessedtoherpartner.”Idecidedtoopenasavingsaccountandstartbuildinganesteggofmyown.IwantedtoprovetomyselfthatIcouldputmoneyinthebankandleaveitthereforarainyday.”
“WhenJohnfoundoutaboutmysecretsavings,hewasalittlesuspiciousofmymotives.IreassuredhimthatthiswascertainlynotanescapefundthatIfeelverysecureinoutrelationship.Ihavetoadmitthatitdoesfeelgoodtohavemyownmoneyonreserveifevertherearerainydaysinthefuture.It’ssensibletobuildandprotectyourpersonalfinancialsecurity.”
37.Thetrendtokeepasecretbankaccountisgrowingbecause______
A.escapefundhelpsonethroughrainydays
B.daysaregettingharderandharder
C.womenaremoneysensitive
D.financialconflictsoftenoccur
38.Theword“savvy”(Line2,Para2)probablymeans_______
A.suspiciousB.secure
C.shrewdD.simple
39.WhatwouldMargaret’shusbandprobablydoifhefoundoutabouthersecretsavings?
A.breaksupwithher
B.buildsanesteggforher
C.interpretsthisasadivorcingsignal
D.escapesthewrongplace
40.WhichinferencecanwemakeaboutMargaret?
A.Sheisauniquewoman.B.Shewasoncedivorced.
C.Sheisgoingtoretire.D.Shehasmanychildren.
41.TheauthormentionsColleen’sexampletoshow_____
A.anycouplecanavoidmarriageconflicts
B.privacywithinmarriageshouldberespected
C.everyonecansaveafortunewithahappymarriage
D.financialdisclosureisnotnecessarilybad
42.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarythispassage?
A.SecretSaversB.LoveIsWhatIt’sWorth
C.BankingHonestyD.OnceBitten,TwiceShy
PassageThree
“Theword‘protection’isnolongertaboo(禁忌语)”.Thisshortsentence,utteredbyFrenchPresidentNicolasSarkozylastmonth,mayhavelaunchedaneweraineconomichistory.Why?
Fordecades,Westernleadershavebelievedthatloweringtradebarriersandtariffswasanaturalgood.Doingso,theyreasoned,wouldleadtogreatereconomicefficiencyandproductivity,whichinturnwouldimprovehumanwelfare.Championingfreetradethusbecameamoral,notjustaneconomic,cause.
Theseleaders,ofcourse,weren’tactingoutofunselfishness.Theyknewtheireconomieswerethemostcompetitive,sothey’dprofitmostfromliberalization.AnddevelopingcountriesfearedthattheireconomieswouldbeswampedbysuperiorWesternproductivity.Today,however,thetableshaveturned---thoughfewacknowledgeit.TheWestcontinuestopreachfreetrade,butpracticesitlessandless.Asian,meanwhile,continuestopleadforspecialprotectionbutpracticesmoreandmorefreetrade.
That’swhySarkozy’swordsweresoimportant:
hefinallyinjectedsomehonestyintothetradedebates.ThetruthisthatlargepartsoftheWestarelosingfaithintreetrade,thoughfewleadersadmitit.Someeconomistsaremorehonest.PaulKrugmanisoneofthefewwillingtoacknowledgethatprotectionistargumentsarereturning.Intheshortrun,therewillbewinnersandlosersunderfreetrade.This,ofcourse,iswhatcapitalismisallabout.ButmoreandmoreoftheseloserswillbeintheWest,EconomistsinthedevelopedworldusedtolovequotingJonophSchumpeter,whosaidthat‘creativedestruction”wasanessentialpartofcapitalistgrowth.Buttheyalwaysassumedthatdestructionwouldhappenoverthere.WhenWesternworkersbeganlosingjobs,suddenlytheirleadersbegantolosefaithintheirprinciples,Thingshaveyettoreversecompletely.Butthere’sclearlyanegativetrendinaWesterntheoryandpractice.
Alittlehypocrisy(虚伪)isnotinitselfaseriousproblem.TherealproblemisthatWesterngovernmentscontinuetoinsistthattheyretaincontrolofthekeyglobaleconomicandfinancialinstitutionswhiledriftingawayfromgloballiberalization.Lockatwhat’shappeningattheIMF(InternationalMonetaryFund)TheEuropea
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