718学年下学期高二期末考试英语试题附答案3Word文件下载.docx
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718学年下学期高二期末考试英语试题附答案3Word文件下载.docx
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Ifourkidsdon’tfall,theydon’tlearntogetup.Istillrememberthedayinhighschoolthatmymomforgottopickmeupfromschool.I’mtheoldestoffourchildren,andnodoubtshe’dhadalongdaywiththeotherkidsandithadslippedhermind.Afterwaitingatschoolforanhour,Iwalkedthethreemileshome,andwhenIgottomyhouse,Ishutourfrontdoorwithanger,stormedintothekitchenandscreamedinmymom’sfacethatshe'
dforgottenme.
Laterthatnight,mydadtoldmeInolongerhadaridetoschoolthenextday.Ifiguredmymomwouldstilltakeme,butwhenthemorningcame,sherefused.Itwasmidterm,andasastraightAstudentreadytostartcollegeapplications,beinglatewasn'
tanoption.Inmymind,missingthesetestswouldhavebeentheendofmyacademiccareer.Ibeggedmymom,ItoldhershewasrunningmyfutureandeverythingIworkedfor.Butsheheldherground,andthatday,Iwalkedtoschool.AndImissedmytests.
Mymomdidn’trescuemefromfailure.Sheletmesufferfromit.Sheletmefigureitout.Sheletmelearn.Now,asamommyself,I’verealizedthatIwantmykidstoexperiencefailurebecausefailureishowwegrow,learnandthinkoutsideofourselves.It’showweself-educatetolearnwhat’srightandrespectable,andwhat’snot.It’showwebecomeresponsibleandenthusiastic.
Fallingdownmakesusbetter,becausewelearnhowtogetup.
5.Whydidtheauthorshoutathermother?
A.Shewastiredafterwalkinghome.B.Shemissedsomeimportanttests.
C.Hermotherhadruinedherfuture.D.Hermotherdidn'
tpickheruphome.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"
heldherground"
inParagraph2mean?
A.Gaveintome.B.Saidyestome.
C.Stayedintheplace.D.Stucktoherdecision.
7.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutherexperiencenow?
A.MercifulB.BeneficialC.DisappointedD.Embarrassed
8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Trytomeetyourkids'
demands.B.Offeryourkidshelpifnecessary.
C.Stoprescuingyourkidsfromfailure.D.Beresponsibleforyourkidsfailure.
C
Naturally,parentspraisetheirkids.Theywanttoencouragetheirchildreneveryday.Butwhenitcomestobuildingself-esteem(自尊)inchildren,praisedoesn'
talwayshaveapositiveeffect,accordingtoaspecialeditionofthejournalChildDevelopment.Theissue,editedbyEddieandThomas,isfocusedonresearchintohowchildrendevelopasenseofselfandbuildingyourchild’sconfidencetakesdifferentskillsthanyoumightthink.
Eddiepointsoutthatchildrenarebornwithoutasenseofself,butitdoesn’ttakelongbeforesomekidshavealotofconfidenceandmayfeelsuperiortopeers,whileothersmaycarrymoreself-doubtandseethemselvesasinferior."
Yetnoonereallyunderstandswhatcauseschildrentoviewthemselvesthewaytheydo.Surprisinglylittleisknownabouttheoriginsofchildren’sself-concept,"
Eddiesaid.
Researchhasfoundthatwhenkidshaveawarm,lovingrelationshipwiththeirparents,theydevelophigherself-esteem.However,whentheyaregivenendlesspraisethatisunequaltotheirachievements,theirself-esteemmaydrop.
Insteadoflavishpraise,parentsshouldfocusonwarmthtobuildself-esteem,researchershavefound—specifically,parentsshouldshowinterestintheirkids’activitiesandsharejoywiththem.Thismakeschildrenfeelnoticedandvalued.AccordingtoEddie’sownresearch,childrenmaydeveloplowerself-esteemwhentheirparentsgivethemlotsofpositiveandoverstatedpraises.Toomuchpraisecanmakechildrenworryaboutdisappointingtheirparents,andmayleadtoanunhealthyattitudetowardfailure.Otherstudiessuggestthatparentscanteachchildrenthatfailureisbeneficialbyencouragingkidstoaskthemselves,“Whydidn’tIachievetheresultIwanted,andwhatcanIdotochangetheoutcomeinthefuture?
”
Additionally,it’simportantforparentstoencouragethebeliefthatkidscandevelopbasicabilitiesthroughdevotionandhardwork.Kidswhoarepraisedfortheireffortinsteadoftheirabilityaremorelikelytodevelopagrowthmindset,whichhaveapositiveimpactontheirconfidence.
9.WhatdoesthespecialeditionofChildDevelopmentfocuson?
A.Whenisthebesttimetobuildachild’sself-esteem.
B.Whateffectpraisehasonachild’sselfunderstanding.
C.Howchildrendeveloptheirsenseofself-esteem.
D.Howblamingandoverpraisehurtachild’sconfidence.
10.Howdoestoomuchpraisehurtchildren’sself-esteem?
A.They’llbeafraidoffailinganddisappointingtheirparents.
B.They’llhaveafalseunderstandingoftheirabilityandfail.
C.They’llbecometooproudtogetalongwithotherchildren.
D.They’llfocusmoreontheiradvantagesthantheirweaknesses.
11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
A.Children’seffortwillhelptobuildtheirconfidence.
B.Childrenshouldhetaughtthevalueofhardwork.
C.Praisingachild’sabilitywillmakethemhappier.
D.Someparentsdoubtifkidscandeveloptheirabilities.
12.Whichofthefollowingisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Praisingachildforanyreasonhelpsbuildhisself-esteem.
B.Howkidsdeveloptheirsenseofself-esteemdifferently.
C.Whysomekidshavemoreself-doubtthantheothers.
D.Participationandencouragementbuildakid’sself-esteem.
D
TheParetoprinciple,alsoknownasthe80/20rule,thelawofthevitalfew,statesthat,formanyevents,roughly80%oftheeffectscomefrom20%ofthecauses.ManagementconsultantJosephM.JuransuggestedtheprincipleandnameditafterItalianeconomistVilfredoPareto,whonotedthe80/20connectionwhileattheUniversityofLausannein1896,aspublishedinhisfirstpaper.Essentially,Paretoshowedthatapproximately80%ofthelandinItalywasownedby20%ofthepopulation.Itisanaxiomofbusinessmanagementthat“80%ofsalescomefrom20%ofclients”.
RichardKochauthoredthebook,The80/20Principle,whichillustratedsomepracticalapplicationsoftheParetoprincipleinbusinessmanagementandlife.Mathematically,the80/20ruleisroughlyfollowedbyapowerlawdistribution,alsoknownasaParetodistribution,foraparticularsetofparameters,andmanynaturalphenomenahavebeenshownempiricallytoexhibitsuchadistribution.TheParetoprincipleisonlytangentiallyrelatedtoParetoefficiency.Paretodevelopedbothconceptsinthecontextofthedistributionofincomeandwealthamongthepopulation.
Theoriginalobservationwasinconnectionwithpopulationandwealth.Paretonoticedthat80%ofItaly’slandwasownedby20%ofthepopulation.Hethencarriedoutsurveysonavarietyofothercountriesandfoundtohissurprisethatasimilardistributionapplied.Achartthatgavetheinequalityaveryvisibleandcomprehensibleform,theso-called“champagneglass”effect,wascontainedinthe1992UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramReport,whichshowedthatdistributionofglobali
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