江苏省扬州市届高三上学期期末考试英语试题Word版含答案.docx
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江苏省扬州市届高三上学期期末考试英语试题Word版含答案.docx
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江苏省扬州市届高三上学期期末考试英语试题Word版含答案
扬州市2013-2014学年度高三期末质量检测
英语试卷
第三部分:
阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Atthemoment,therearetworeliablewaystomakeelectricityfromsunlight.Youcanuseapanelofsolarcellstocreatethecurrentdirectly,byliberatingelectronsfromasemiconductingmaterialsuchassilicon.Oryoucanconcentratethesun’sraysusingmirrors,boilwaterwiththem,andemploythesteamtodriveagenerator.
Bothwork.Butbothareexpensive.GangChenoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandZhifengRenofBostonCollegethereforeproposeanalternative.Theysuggestthataphenomenoncalledthethermoelectric(热电)effectmightbeusedinstead—andtheyhavebuiltaprototype(原型)toshowthattheideaispractical.
Thermoelectricdevicesarenotnew.Theyareused,forexample,tocapturewasteheatfromcarengines.Theyworkbecausecertainmaterialsgenerateanelectricalpotentialdifferencewithinthemselvesifonepartishotterthananother.Thatcanbeusedtodriveacurrentthroughanexternalcircuit.
Thereasonthermoelectricmaterialshavenot,inthepast,beenappliedsuccessfullytothequestionofsolarpoweristhattogetaworthwhilecurrentyouhavetohaveasignificanttemperaturedifference.(200℃isconsideredagoodstartingpoint.)Inacarengine,thatiseasy.Forsunlight,however,itmeansconcentratingtheheatinsomeway.Andifyouaregoingtothetroubleofbuildingmirrorstodothat,youmightaswellgodownthesteam-generationroute,whichisamuchmoreefficientwayofproducingelectricity.Iftheheatconcentrationcouldbedonewithoutalltheequipmentofmirrors,though,thermoelectricity’sinefficiencywouldbebalancedbythecheapnessoftheequipment.
Intheirview,threethingsareneededtocreateaworkablesolar-thermoelectricdevice.Thefirstistomakesurethatmostofthesunlightwhichfallsonitisabsorbed,ratherthanbeingreflected.Thesecondistochooseathermoelectricmaterialwhichconductsheatbadlybutelectricitywell.Thethirdistobecertainthatthetemperaturegradient(梯度)whichthatbadlyconductingmaterialcreatesisnotwastedbypoordesign.
56.ThefollowingmethodscanbeadoptedtomakeelectricityfromsunlightEXCEPT.
A.puttingapanelofsolarcellsintouse
B.concentratingsun’srayswithmirrors
C.creatingasolar-thermoelectricdevice
D.buildingapracticalsolarprototype
57.Whywastheapplicationofthermoelectricmaterialsafailureinthepast?
A.Becauseit’shardforthemtobuildenoughmirrorstomakeitwork.
B.Because200℃washardtoreachatthattimeeveninacarengine.
C.Becauseofthefailureofhavingasignificanttemperaturedifference.
D.Becauseitwashardtofocusthesun’srayswithequipmentofmirrors.
58.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.ThermoelectricDevice---theBestMethodofAll
B.ANewMethodofMakingElectricityfromSunlight
C.HowtoCreateaWorkableThermoelectricDevice
D.SolarPower---aNewEnergyTrendintheFuture
B
Q:
OnFacebook,myfriendsareamixofreal-lifepals,formerclassmates,professionalcolleagues,extended-familymembers,and…mymom.MomisthefirsttolikeandcommentoneverythingIpost,whichisannoying.Itriedtalkingtoheraboutit,butherfeelingsquicklygothurt,soIbackedoff.IknowIcan’tblockher,butnowIdon’twanttopostanything.HowdoIhandlethis?
A:
ThisisaboutFacebook,notyourmom.Theoften-shrugged-offtruthaboutsocialmediaisthatnothingisprivate.It’seasytoforgetthis,soinaway,you’reluckythatyourmomisremindingyou.Everythingyoupost—comments,likes,photos—isfreelyavailabletofuturefriends,employers,loversetcunlessblocked.Thatsaid,youcanaskMomagainnicelytotoneitdown.Youcanalsocustomizeyourcontrolssoshecan’tseeeverythingyoupost.
Q:
InwhichsituationsamIrequiredtomakeaphonecallversussendatextmessage?
A:
Atextisforinformation—time,date,news.It’sforthestuffyoucankeepshortandsweet.Aphonecallisforanalysis,discussion,opinion,and,ifyoumust,gossip.
Q:
I’malwaysonFacebook,soIjustsendmessagestofriendsthroughthesite.ButwhenshouldIlogoffandsendane-mail?
A:
Whenyou’reseriousaboutanything.Thinkofitaschattingwithsomeoneonabusversusaskinghertomeetyouforcoffee.Theformerisgoodforcasualconversation;thelatterispersonalandrequiresattention.
Q:
ForwhichoccasionsshouldImailpaperinvitationsversussende-mailones?
(E-cardsarefreeandeasy—what’snottolove?
!
)
A:
Anythingimportantneedsapaperinvitation.That’syourbaseline.Soaskyourself:
“DoIwantpeopletodressupforthisevent?
”Iftheanswerisyes,dressupyourinvitationbymakingitprintedinsteadofvirtual.Formorecasualeventsandgatherings,e-cardaway.
Q:
Isusingemoticonseverinappropriatetoexpressafeelingormakeapointintextsore-mails?
A:
Emoticonsareforfun.Isthemessageyou’rewritingfun?
Useanemoticon.Areyouaskingforabigfavor?
Skipit.Isthemessagetoyourbossoracolleague?
Skipit.Avoidthemifyouwanttobetakenseriouslyaboutanything.
Q:
Ihaveabig,happyannouncementtosharewithalotofpeople.Isitappropriatetoshareitonmyblog?
A:
Yes,soyoudon’thavetogocc-ingeveryoneinane-mail.Postaway.Butsendaprivatemessagetothosewhoshouldknowfirst.
Q:
Ihaveabig,sadannouncement.WhatshouldIdo?
A:
Respectyourprivacy—andyourself.Pickupthephoneandcallatrustedfriendorfamilymembertoletherknow,andthenaskhertohelpspreadthenewsoffline.
59.WhatdowelearnaboutsocialmediafromthefirstQandA?
A.ItisillegaltokeeptrackofpersonalprivacyonFacebook.
B.Personalprivacyisinaccessibleonlinewithcontrolcustomized.
C.Peopletendtoignoreprivacyprovideditisblockedpurposefully.
D.Weneedsomeonetoremindusconstantlyofourprivacyonline.
60.Whichofthefollowingisappropriateaboutusingsocialmedia?
A.Sendingtextstoconsultadoctorforsurgery
B.Carryingoncasualconversationsviaemails.
C.Emailingyourbosswithemoticonsforpromotion.
D.Writingaformalinvitationforadress-upevent.
61.Accordingtothepassage,howwouldyoumakeitknownthatyouhavewonascholarshiptoHarvard?
A.Arrangingforasocialgatheringtocelebrateit.
B.Informingyourteacherswhomayhelpyouspread.
C.Tellingyourparentsbeforepostingitonyourblog.
D.Sendingeveryoneamessageprivatelytoshareit.
C
MydaybeganonadefinitelysournotewhenIsawmysix-year-oldwrestlingwithalimbofmyazalea(杜鹃花)bush.BythetimeIgotoutside,he’dbrokenit.“CanItakethistoschooltoday?
”heasked.Withawaveofmyhand,Isenthimoff.Iturnedmybacksohewouldn’tseethetearsgatheringinmyeyes.
Thewashingmachinehadleakedonmybrand-newlinoleum.IfonlymyhusbandhadjusttakenthetimetofixitthenightbeforewhenIaskedhiminsteadofplayingcheckerswithJonathan.
Itwasdayslikethisthatmademewanttoquit.Ijustwantedtodriveuptothemountains,hideinacave,andnevercomeout.
SomehowIspentmostofthedaywashinganddryingclothesandthinkinghowlovehaddisappearedfrommylife.AsIfinishedhangingupthelastofmyhusband’sshirts,Ilookedattheclock.2:
30.Iwaslate.Jonathan’sclassletoutat2:
15andIhurriedlydrovetotheschool.
IwasoutofbreathbythetimeIknockedontheteacher’sdoorandpeeredthroughtheglass.Sherustledthroughthedoorandtookmeaside.“IwanttotalktoyouaboutJonathan,”shesaid.
Ipreparedmyselffortheworst.Nothingwouldhavesurprisedme.“DidyouknowJonathanbroughtflowerstoschooltoday?
”sheasked.Inodded,thinkingaboutmyfavoritebushandtryingtohidethehurtinmyeyes.“Letmetellyouaboutyesterday,”theteacherinsisted.“Seethatlittlegirl?
”Iwatchedthebright-eyedchildlaughandpointtoacolorfulpicturetapedtothewall.Inodded.
“Well,yesterdayshewasalmosthysterical.Hermotherandfatheraregoingthroughanastydivorce.Shetoldmeshedidn’twanttolive,shewishedshecoulddie.Iwatchedthatlittlegirlburyherfaceinherhandsandsayloudenoughfortheclasstohear,‘Nobodylovesme.’IdidallIcouldtocomforther,butitonlyseemedtomakemattersworse.”“IthoughtyouwantedtotalktomeaboutJonathan,”Isaid.
“Ido,”shesaid,touchingthesleeveofmyblouse.“Todayyoursonwalkedstraightovertothatchild.Iwatchedhimhandhersomeprettypinkflowersandwhisper,‘Iloveyou.’“
Ifeltmyheartswellwithprideforwhatmysonhaddone.Ismiledattheteacher.“Thankyou,”Isaid,reachingforJonathan’shand,“you’vemademyday.”
Laterthatevening,Ibeganpullingweedsfromaroundmyazaleabush.AsmymindwanderedbacktotheloveJonathanshowedthelittlegirl,abiblicalversecametome:
“...thesethreeremain:
faith,hopeandlove.Butthegreatestoftheseislove.”Whilemysonhadputloveintopractice,Ihadonlyfeltanger.
Iheardthefamiliarsqueakofmyhusband’sbrakesashepulledintothedrive.Isnappedasmalllimbbristlingwithhotpinkazaleasoffthebush.IfelttheseedoflovethatGodplantedinmyfamilybeginningtobloomonceagaininme.Myhusband’seyeswidenedinsurpriseasIhandedhimtheflowers.“Iloveyou,”Isaid.
62.Whydidthewomancrywhenseeinghersonhadbrokentheazaleabush?
A.Becauseshecouldnottoleratetheharmtoit.
B.Becauseitmadeherbadmoodevenworse.
C.Becausehersondidnotaskherforpermission.
D.Becauseshewantedtohandittoherhusband.
63.Thewriterwantedtohideinthemountaincaveprobabl
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