份大学英语四级考试绝密押题及答案解析Word格式文档下载.docx
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份大学英语四级考试绝密押题及答案解析Word格式文档下载.docx
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Part2ReadmgComprehension(SkimmmgandScanning)(15minutes)
Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
PoliceLesson:
SocialNetworkToolsHaveTwoEdges
OfficerTreyEconomidyoftheAlbuquerquepolicenowrealizesthatheshouldhavethoughtharderbeforelistinghisoccupationonhisFacebookprofileas"
humanwastedisposal"
.
Afterhewasinvolvedinafatalon-dutyshootinginFebruary,alocaltelevisionstationduguptheFacebookpage.OfficerEconomidywasplacedondeskduty,andlastmonththeAlbuquerquePoliceDepartmentannouncedanewpolicytogovemofficers'
useofsocialnetworkingsites.
SocialnetworkingtoolslikeFacebookandTwittercanbevaluableassetsforlawenforcementagencies,helpingthemalertthepublic,seekinformationaboutcrimesandgatherevidenceaboutthebackgroundsofcriminalsuspects.ButtheInternetcanalsogetpolicedepartmentsintotrouble.
Publicgaffes(失言)likeOfficerEconomidy'
s-hiscynicaljobdescriptiononFacebookwas"
extremelyinappropriate"
hesaidlastweekinane-mail-areonlyoneoftherisks.Acarelesspostingonanetworkingsite,lawenforcementexpertssay,canendangeranofficer'
ssafety,asitdidinSantaMonica,Calif.,lastyearwhenthePoliceDepartmentwenttogreatlengthstoconcealawoundedofficer'
sidentityandlocation,onlytohavearetiredofficercarelesslyrevealthemonFacebook.
Anddefenselawyersincreasinglysearchsocialnetworkingsitesforevidencethatcouldchallengethevalidityofapoliceofficer'
stestimony.InonecaseinNewYork,ajurydismissedaweaponschargeagainstadefendantafterleamingthatthearrestingofficerhadlistedhismoodonMySpaceas"
devious"
andwroteonFacebookthathewaswatchingthefilmTrainingDaylo"
brushuponproperpoliceprocedure"
Theproblemisseriousenoughthatdepartmentsacrossthecountryarescramblingtodeveloprulestogovemwhatofficerscanandcannotdoonline.
"
Thisissomethingthatallthepolicechiefsaroundthecountry,ifyou'
renotdealingwithit,you'
dbetterdealwithit,"
saidMarkA.Marshall,chiefofpoliceinSmithfield,Va.,andthepresidentoftheInternationalAssociationofChiefsofPolice,whichhasdevelopeditsownmodelpolicy.
Hisdepartment,ChiefMarshallsaid,hashadafewembarrassingepisodes.Inone,anofficerwhohadbeeninvolvedinahigh-speedchaseandendedupin"
alittlebitofafight"
withasuspectpostedacommentaboutwhatagoodtimehehadduringthedust-up(打架).Inanother,anofficerpostedaphotoofatattoo(纹身)ofSt.Michaelonherhip.Bothweredisciplined,ChiefMarshallsaid.
Unfortunately,youhavetheseextremeincidentsthatareoutthere,"
hesaid,"
and,frankly,youaskyourself,'
Whatonearthweretheythinkingwhentheypostedthat?
'
Mostsocialmediapoliciestrytobalanceapolicedepartment'
sinterestsagainstFirstAmendmentprotectionsfortheofficers.Manyincludeprohibitionsagainstpostinganystatementsthatcoulddiscreditorreflectbadlyonadepartment,thatillustraterecklessbehaviororthatdisparage(贬低)peoplebasedonrace,religionorsexualorientation.Postingcrimescenephotosorotherevidencefromcriminalcasesonlineisalsoprohibitedbymostpolicies.
Othersgofurther.Albuquerque'
spolicy,forexample,prohibitsofficersfromidentifyingthemselvesasemployeesofthePoliceDepartmentorpostingphotosofdepartmentalinsignia(标志)-badges,uniforms,cruisers-withoutpermission.AndarecentpolicybythePoliceDepartmentinPueblo,Colo.,bansgossipingonlinewithoutsidersaboutdepartmentaffairs.
Policeofficialssaythatthecourtshavegenerallyupheldrestrictionsonthespeechofgovemmentemployeeswhenthespeechisjobrelated.
TheU.S.SupremeCourthasspokenonitsooftenthattheparametersarefairlywelldefined,"
saidMarthaStonebrook,seniorcityattomeyinSaltLakeCity.Inonefamous2004case,theSupremeCourtupheldthefiringofanofficerwhofilmedhimselfstrippingoffapoliceuniformandsoldthevideooneBay'
sadults-onlyarea.ButDavidL.HudsonJr.,ascholarattheFirstAmendmentCenteratVanderbiltUniversity,saidthelowercourtswerestillsortingouttheimplicationsoftheSupremeCourt'
sdecisionsinvolvingjob-relatedspeech.
Thequestionofwhenemployeescanbedisciplinedforoff-dutyspeechisvague,"
hesaid."
Partofourcorenatureiswhatwedoforaliving,andtoprohibitsomebodyfromengaginginanykindofexpressionrelatedtotheirjobisarguablytoobroad."
Infact,theAlbuquerquepolicyhasmetsomeresistancefromtherankandfile.JoeySigala,presidentoftheAlbuquerquePoliceOfficers'
Association,saidthatwhilethedepartmentwasentitledtodictatewhatofficerswearandsayontheclock,"
Idon'
tbelievetheyhavetherighttotelluswhattodooutsideofthat."
Hesaidthatrequiringofficerstogetpermissionbeforepostingpicturesinvolvingdepartmentinsigniamadeitdifficulttosharenewsaboutawardsorhonorsspontaneouslywithfamilyandfriends."
They'
retakingawaytheabilitytodemonstratethegood,aswellasthebad,"
hesaid.
ChiefRaySchultzoftheAlbuquerquepolicesaidthatdepartmentofficialsresearchedpoliciesfromaroundthenationbeforedevelopingtheirown."
Youneedtogetahandleonthisveryquickly,becausethishasthepotentialtodamagethereputationoftheorganizationandalsoadverselyaffectyouinthecourtroom,"
ChiefSchultzsaid,addingthatsomesocialmediasitesappearedtobe"
likethebathroomwallof20yearsago,exceptnowtheentireworldcanseeit"
.Hisdepartment,hesaid,hashiredacomplianceofficertoinvestigatetheonlinepresenceofanypoliceofficer"
whocomestotheattentionofthedepartment"
byexaminingsocialnetworkpagesandrunningtheofficer'
snamethroughGoogle.Mediacoverageisoftenwhatpromptsadepartmentintoaction.TheIndianaStatePoliceinitiateditspolicyafterWTHRinIndianapolisdiscoveredphotosofdrunkenrevels(狂欢)onatrooper'
sFacebookpage.Oneshowedthetrooper,ChrisPestow,witha.357Magnumpointedathishead.HealsopostedacommentaboutahomelessmanbeatenbypoliceofficersinCalifomia,saying,"
Thesepeopleshouldhavediedwhentheywereyoung,anyway,I'
mjustdoingthemafavor,"
accordingtothereportbyWTHR.
Afterthecontroversy,TrooperPestowresigned,saidFirstSergeantDavidBursten,aspokesmanfortheStatePolice.Hesaidheinstructsnewpoliceofficers,"
Don'
tdoorsayanythingthatyouwouldn'
tbeproudtohaveyourmotherseeorhear."
Thatreallysumsitup,"
Askedabouthisexperience,Mr.Pestowsaidinane-mail,"
AwrittenpolicyconcemingsocialmediafromtheIndianaStatePolicepriortomyunfortunatemisstepwouldhavebenefitedmeconsiderably."
ChiefJosephE.ThomasJr.oftheSouthfield,Mich.,policesaidthatwhenitcomestosocialmedia,itisimportantfordepartmentstoenforcedisciplineevenforsmallinfractions.Hecitedoneinstancewhenanofficerphotographedgoatsonaresident'
srooftopbeforeconfiscating(没收)theanimals,thenpostedthephotos.Theofficerwastoldtoremovethephotosfromthesiteandgivenaverbalreprimand(训斥).
Itwassomethingthatdidnotharmanybody,butit'
sinappropriate,"
ChiefThomassaid.
Hesaiddepartmentofficialsroutinelycheckedpolicerecruits'
socialnetworkingpageswhentheyapplyforajob.Inonecase,hesaid,acandidatepostedthisupdateonFacebook:
JustretumedfromtheinterviewwiththeSouthfieldPoliceDepartmentandIcan'
twaittogetagunandkicksomeass."
Hewasrejected.1.AfterthetelevisionstationexposedaFacebookpostingofTreyEconomidy'
s,______
[A]hehadtoresignunderthegreatpressureofpublicopinion
[B]heremovedthepostfromthesiteandapologizedtothevictim
[C]theAlbuquerquePoliceDepartmentcutitsInternetaccess
[D]thedepartmentdecidedtocontrolofficers'
useoftheInternet
2.Accordingtolawenforcementexperts,officers'
carelesspostingmay______.
[A]exposeanofficertodanger[B]challengetheauthorityofthepolice
[C]harmsomeinnocentpeople
[D]putdepartmentsindeeptrouble
3.WhatdidChiefMarshallsayabouttwoofficersinhisdepartment?
[A]Themaleofficerkilledthesuspectinthefight.
[B]Thefemaleofficerwasremovedfromthepolice.
[clTheywerepunishedfortheirembarrassingposts.
[D]Theybothreceivedintensivetrainingbefore.
4.Accordingtomostsocialmediapolicies,whatisnotallowedonlineforpoliceofficers?
[A]Revealingtheiridentities.
[B]Postingpicturesofcrimescenes.
[C]Talkingaboutcriminalcaseswithoutsiders.
[D]Boastingtheircontributioninthepoliceforces.
5.Whatdoweleamfromonefamouscaseintheyear2004?
[A]Policeofficersarebannedfromfilmingthemselves.
[B]Thedecisionoffiringtheofficerwasrejected.
[C]Theofficerfinallygotfiredduetohisimproperpost.
[D]Lowerdepartmentsarestricterwithjob-relatedspeech.
6.What'
sJoeySigala'
sopinionontheAlbuquerquepolicy?
[A]It'
sillegaltodictatewhatofficerssayonline.
[B]Itdoesharmtopoliceofficer
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