山东省威海市文登区学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题.docx
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山东省威海市文登区学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题.docx
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山东省威海市文登区学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题
山东省威海市文登区2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题
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一、完形填空
WhenBrooksDamewasinhighschool,afriend,Jessicahadaseriousdisease.Thankstospecializedtreatmentwhichwasmadepossiblebybonemarrowdonors(骨髓捐赠者),Jessica1.
TheexperienceofwatchingJessicagothroughthe2finallyencouragedBrooksto3hisfearofneedlesandsignuptobeabonemarrowdonor.
Ayearlater,Brooksreceivedaphonecallaboutapossible4.Amaninhis30swasfightingahardbattlewithacancer.“Iwas5,butIthoughtalotaboutthatman,”Brooksremembers.“Thiswashislastchanceofsurvival.”
Afteraseriesoftests(includingneedles),Brooksflewtoa6inDenverforthedonation.“Itisdangerousandvery7,butIknewitwastherightthingtodo,”Brookssays.
“ThemoreIthoughtaboutthatmanandhisfamily,themoreIhopedthatmysmallsacrifice(牺牲),insomeway,madea8.”
Afterwards,Brookswasstillafraidof9.Butwhathe’dgainedwasmuchgreaterthanfear.Hehad10thatitwasworthanysacrificetohelpanotherpersonsurvive.
1.A.survivedB.failedC.sufferedD.won
2.A.testsB.treatmentC.examinationD.tasks
3.A.hideB.fightC.admitD.express
4.A.matchB.dangerC.partnerD.visit
5.A.eagerB.anxiousC.nervousD.excited
6.A.collegeB.meetingC.hospitalD.charity
7.A.harmfulB.meaningfulC.hopefulD.painful
8.A.livingB.differenceC.decisionD.mistake
9.A.needlesB.stressC.deathD.blood
10.A.plannedB.heardC.wonderedD.learned
二、阅读选择
Beinghometothelargestsecondhandbookstoreintheworld,Hay-on-WyeismorethanjustasmalltowninWales--it’sabookheavenonearth.
ThehistoryofHay-on-Wyeasthe“townofbooks”beganontheAprilFool’sDayof1977.AmancalledRichardBoothannouncedtheindependenceofHay-on-Wyeasakingdomofbooks,withhimastheking.Sincethen,hehasmanagedtobuildahealthytourismindustrybasedonbooks.TodaythousandsofvisitorscometoHay-on-Wyeeveryyeartolookforwhateverbookstheyneed.
BeforeBooth’sgreatidea,Hay-on-Wyewasaslowlydyingtownhavinglessthan2,000people,withnorealeconomyornotablelocalbusinesses.ThekingofHay-on-Wyeopenedhisfirstbookstorein1961,andlaterencouragedhisfriendsinthetradetocometoHay.Afterafewyears,hefilledalmosteverybuildingwithbooks.Hay-on-Wyenowhasoverthirtybookshops,manysellingsecond-handbooks,whichhasmadethetownattractiveforbookcollectors.
Hay-on-Wyehasitsspecialhonorwithoveronemillionbookstradedhereeveryyear.Unlikeotherbookdealers,RichardBoothdoesn’tcenteronanyonetopic.Hebuysanytypeofbooksbelievingthateverybookisvaluableandsomeoneintheworldwantsit.BookloversfromallovertheworldcometoHay-on-Wyebecausealargenumberofbooksfoundhereareatlowprices.
Since1988,Hay-on-Wyehasalsobeentheplaceforafamousliterary(文学)festival,nowsupportedbyTheGuardian,whichdrawsabout80,000visitorsovertendaysatthebeginningofJunetoseeandhearbigliterarynamesfromallovertheworld.
Onceadyingsmalltown,Hay-on-Wyeisnowanattractivetouristtown,withtenpercentofitspopulationworkinginthebookbusiness,andlocalbusinessesbenefitingfromthewavesoftouristscominghereinsearchofbooks.
11.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?
A.Hay-on-Wyebecameindependentin1977.
B.Hay-on-Wyeusedtobeatouristattraction.
C.RichardBoothgotfooledontheAprilFool’sDayof1977.
D.RichardBoothwastomakeHay-on-Wyeabookheaven.
12.WhatismainlytalkedaboutHay-on-WyeinParagraph3?
A.Itsbookshops.B.Itsunusualfeature.
C.Itsdevelopment.D.Itslocalbusinesses.
13.WhatisspecialaboutRichardBoothasabookdealer?
A.Hesellsonlyvaluablebooks.B.Hecollectsbooksofanytype.
C.Hehimselfisknowledgeable.D.HeissuppliedbyTheGuardian.
14.ThereasonswhyvisitorscometoHay-on-Wyeinclude______.
①lowpricesofbooks
②alargerangeofbooks
③famousbookdealers
④afamousliteraryfestival
A.①②③B.①②④
C.①③④D.②③④
15.Whichmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Hay-on-Wye,WorldofBooksB.Hay-on-Wye,BirthplaceofLiterature
C.Hay-on-Wye,SourceofKnowledgeD.Hay-on-Wye,FamousLiteraryFestival
Overthelasttwodecades(十年),theEarthhasseenanincreaseinvegetation(植被)andChinaandIndiaareleadingtheincreaseingreeningonland.TheresultcomesmostlyfromtreeplantingprogramsinChinaandintensiveagriculture(集约农业)inbothcountries.
ResearchersfromBostonUniversityfoundthatglobalgreenareahasincreasedby5%sincetheearly2000s,anareaequaltothesizeofAmazonrainforest.Amongtheincreasedarea,ChinaandIndiacontributetoabout33%,especiallyChina,with25%itself.China’sgreatcontributioncamemostlyfromitsprogramstoprotectandexpandforests,whichisabout42%.Theseprogramsweredevelopedinanefforttoreducetheeffectofdesertification,airpollutionandclimatechange.
Another32%ofthegreeningchangeinChina,and82%inIndia,resultedfromintensiveagricultureoffoodcrops.ThelandareausedtogrowcropsinChinaandIndiahasnotchangedmuchsincetheearly2000s.Yetbothcountrieshavegreatlyincreasedthetotalgreenareaandfoodproductioninordertofeedlargepopulations.TheleadauthorChiChenofBostonUniversitysaid,
“Thatisasurprisingfinding,sinceitisgenerallybelievedthatlanddegradation(退化)inpopulouscountriesisusuallymoreserious.”
RamaNemani,aresearchscientistatNASA’sAmesResearchCenter,sawapositivemessageinthenewfindings.“Oncepeoplerealizethereisaproblem,theytendtofixit,”However,theresearchersrangbellsaswell.TheypointedoutthatthegaindidnotnecessarilyfillupthelossofnaturalvegetationintropicalregionslikeBrazilandIndonesia.
16.What’sthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Theearthisbecomingagreenland.
B.ChinaandIndiaareforestcountries.
C.ChinaandIndiamatteringreeningtheEarth.
D.ChinaandIndiadevelopintensiveagriculturewell.
17.WhyisAmazonrainforestmentionedinParagraph2?
A.Toshowitsimportancetotheplanet.
B.Tocallonpeopletoprotectrainforests.
C.Toclearlyshowtheincreasedgreenarea.
D.Tobeevidenceofthelostnaturalvegetation.
18.WhatbenefitscanChina’streeplantingprogramsbring?
①Reducingairpollution.
②Increasingrichlandforcrops.
③Helpingwithclimatecontrol.
④Controllingthedesertification.
A.①②③B.①③④
C.①②④D.②③④
19.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
A.BrazilandIndonesiadonotprotecttheirforests.
B.Thefindingsdiscouragedbeliefofagreenworld.
C.Humansarecreativeenoughtosolveallproblems.
D.Moreeffortsareneededtoprotectnaturalvegetation.
20.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?
A.Anewspaper.B.Atravelbrochure.
C.Aninterview.D.Ageographytextbook.
Fromdrivingtolandingonmoon,moreandmorehumantasksarebeingtakenoverbyartificialintelligence(AI-人工智能).Itwillmakeeverydaytaskseasierandbringbenefitstodifferentindustries.
Andyet,likeanyothertechnology,AIwillalsobringrisksanddangers.WhenpeoplementionthatAIcouldbedangerous,theythinkofthesituationinfilmswhereanAIprogramdecidestokillorenslaveallhumans.Whilethispossibilityisunlikelyfornow,therearemanyotherdangersthatAIcouldbringtomankind.
InFebruary2018,agroupofAIexpertsgottogethertodiscussthepossiblemisuseofAI.Whattheyfoundwasthat“EveryAIadvancebythegoodguysisanadvanceforthebadguys,too”.TheirmainworrywasthatcriminalscoulduseAIformanybadpurposes,includingusingAItocreatewebsitesthatcouldstealpeople’spersonalinformation.Anotherpossibleriskwasfasterhacking(黑客)—AIprogramscouldbetaughttofindweaknessesinsoftwareandbreakintocomputersystems.Someotherriskswereasdramaticastheonesweseeinbooksandmovies.Forexample,long-distantattackscouldbemadeeasierthroughtheuseofAI.And,finally,thereweresomeworriesonimitatingvoicesaswell.ItispossiblethatAIcouldbeusedtomakefalsephotosandvideos.Inchina,techgiantBaiduhasdevelopedaprogramcalledDeepVoicethatcan“clone”anyone’svoicebystudyinga3.7-secondaudiosample(声音样本).
ManypeopleinthetechworldhaveexpressedworryaboutAI.PeoplelikeUSbusinessmenBillGatesandElonMuskhavecalledfortheindustrytobemorestrictlycontrolled,astherearefewlawscurrentlygoverningtheuseofAI.FamousBritishPhysicistStephenHawkingeventhoughtAIcouldfinallycausetheendofmankind.“Oncehumansdevelopartificialintelligence,itwilltakeoffandredesignitselfatanalarmingrate.Humans…couldn’tcompeteandwouldbereplaced.”
21.WhatcannotpossiblybedonebyAIrightnow?
A.Drivingcars.B.Landingonmoon.
C.Playinggames.D.Rulingallhumans.
22.WhichsayinghasasimilarmeaningwiththeunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3?
A.Everycoinhastwosides.B.Preventionisbetterthancure.
C.Risknothing,gainnothing.D.One’smeatisanother’spoison.
23.HowmanymisusesofAIarementionedinParagraph3?
A.One.B.Two.
C.Three.D.Four.
24.WhydoestheauthormentionStephenHawking’swords?
A.ToshowHawking’sperfectprediction.
B.TostrengthenthehighpositionofHawking.
C.Tohelpreadersunderstandtheserioussituation.
D.Tointroducethefamousscientist--StephenHawking.
25.Whatdoesthewholepassagemainlytalkabout?
A.RisksanddangersofAI.B.GuidanceofAIusage.
C.AdvantagesanddisadvantagesofAI.D.DevelopmentofAIindustry.
三、七选五
AlongtheRingofFire
OffthecoastofAlaska,thelavarisesthroughcracks(裂缝)atthebottomofthePacificOcean.Itflowsliketoothpast
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