论回族文化形成的渊源及影响英文版Word格式.docx
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论回族文化形成的渊源及影响英文版Word格式.docx
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sclothing7
2.3female'
sclothing8
Chapter3Marriageandfuneral10
3.1marriage10
3.2Funerals11
Chapter4Traditionalfestival12
4.1Traditionalfestival12
Conclusion13
Notes14
Acknowledgements15
Thecultureabouthuinationality
XiaoWen
(ForeignLanguageDepartment,HunanCityUniversity,Yiyang,Hunan413000,China)
Abstract:
NearthefootofgrandTianShanMountain,alongbythebeautifulYellowRiver,somelovely,pretty,kindheartedandhard-workingpeopleliveinthere,theyarehuinatinality,weusuallycalltheyhuihuiorhuipeople.huipeopleshortforhuihuinationality,hasactuallyresultedfromthemergenceofvariousethnicgroupssuchaspersia,Arab,centralAsia,anditwasoveralongperiodoftime.Aboutin651AD,IslamwasintroducedintoChinaviaArabtraders.DuetotheimpactofIslam,huipeoplehasformedvariouscustomsandhabitsoftheirown,coveringfood,clothing,wedding,funeralandtraditionalfestival.
Keywords:
Huinationality;
diet;
clothingculture;
wedingandfuneral;
weddingandfuneral,traditionalfestival.
摘要:
在巍峨的天山下,在美丽的黄河边,生活着这样一群美丽可爱,勤劳善良的人们,他们回族人民,即我们通常所说的回回,回人等。
回族是回回民族的简称,是由中国国内及国外的波斯、阿拉伯、中亚各族人等多种民族成分在长时期历史发展中形成的民族。
约在公元651年,伊斯兰教由阿拉伯商人正式传入中国。
由于受伊斯兰教的影响,回族人民在饮食、服饰、婚葬习俗、传统节日等方面都形成了独具特色的风俗习惯。
关键词:
回族民族;
伊斯兰教;
饮食文化;
服饰文化;
婚葬习俗;
传统节日
Introduction
TheHuiethnicminorityisdescendedfromtheArabicandPersianmerchantswhocametoChinaduringthe7thcentury.Withapopulationof643,238,themajorityofthegrouplivesintheNingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion.However,thereareHuilivinginalmostalltheprovincesandcitiesofChina.ChineseisthenativelanguageoftheHuipeopleforboththespokenandwrittenlanguage.Inaddition,theyretainsomeoftheArabicandPersianwords.IslamismhasplayedavitalroleinthedevelopmentoftheHuiethnicminority.MostoftheHuipeopleareMuslimandthereistypicallyamosqueineachcommunity.TheImamledthereligiousactivitiesandtheirsutraiskoran.Infact,thereligiousthoughthasinfluencedthemrangingfrometiquettesofliving,dining,andmarriagetofuneralcustomsrangingfrometiquettesofliving,dining,andmarriagetofuneralcustoms.
Chapter1
Thediet
1.1thefoodanddrinking
TheHuipeopleeatriceandwheatasstaples,alongwithbeef,mutton,chicken,fishandvariousvegetables.Asweallknow,huipeoplebelieveinIslam,andthebelievetheirgodisholy,sothethefollowerandwhattheyeatanddrinkshouldbeclean.sotheyneverdrinkandeatthefoodtheythinkisdirty,DifferencefromHanpeople,Huipeoplearegenerallyforbiddentoeatthemeatofsomeanimalssuchashorse,donkey,mule,dogandotherferociousbirdsandanimals.Porkisespeciallyforbidden,andtheyseldomtalkaboutanywordsrefertopig.Besides,animalswhichisn'
tnormaldiedandthebloodalsoareforbidden.Moreover,ifpeopleofothernationalitiesuseapotordishtoholdpork,thenHuipeoplewillnotuseortouchthedish.Pigeonsareconsidereda'
divinebird'
thatmaybeeatenonlyundercertaincircumstances.Forexample,apigeonarefedtothesickasatonic,butonlyafteritisapprovedbytheImam.ThecuisineoftheHuiisdiverseandvariesfromregiontoregion.IfyouvisittheHuipeople,youwillbeservedawidevarietyofdistinctivefood.HuipeoplelivingintheNingxiaHuiAutonomousRegionpreferfoodwithflour;
inGansuandQinghai,theyfavorwheat,corn,barley,andpotatoes.Huipeoplelikedrinkingtea,whichoftenmixedwithmanyothernutritiousingredientssuchaslongan,jujube,sesame,sugarcandy,andmedlar.Theteaisverydeliciousandfamous,especiallythebabaogaiwanchaandsnpaotai.Visitingguestsreceiveinfusedteaandareservedfruitsorhome-madecakes.Allthefamilymemberswillcometogreettheirguests,and,iftheguestisfromafar,hewillbeseenoffevenoutoftheHuipeople'
svillage.Beingaguestamonghuifriends,youwouldn'
tignoretheirhospitalityandthisexperiencewouldbeneverfadefromyourmemory.Inthere,youmayhavethechancetotastethedeliciousfoodandsnackssuchasyouxiang,sazi,andquanyangxi.
Chapter2
Clothing
2.1overview
TheHuipeopleareoneoftheethnicgroupsthatworshipIslaminChina.DuetotheimpactofIslam,TheclothingofHuiethnicgrouphasdistinctivenationalfeatures.theirclothesemphasizetidy,pleasing,simpleandcomfortable,clean,notglamorousorluxurious.Especially,mendon'
twearglamorousclothesorstrangehats.Theirclothesandhatsaremainlywhite,greenandblack.SuchfeaturesarerelatedtotheoriginandreligionofHuiethnicgroup.Theirmainlyincludewaistcoat,Dasdar(theclothwrappedonhead),Maisaihai(leather)socks,Zhunbai(robe),worshipperhat,headscarf,andsoon.TheHuipeopleoftencallclothing"
yizhuo"
or"
chuandai"
dressorapparels.Generallyspeaking,theHuipeopleandtheHanpeoplewearverysimilarclothing.,themajordifferenceistheirdistinctiveheaddress.Huimentraditionallywearawhiteskullcapandthewomenoftenwearaveil,keepingtheirfacescovered.Forexample,men'
swhitehat,Dasdarandwomen'
sheadscarfintheapparelofHuihavebeenthemostwidespreadinthetraditionfromthepasttopresent.NomatterinthewatertownsofJiangnan,orontheyellowandblacksoillandofNorthChina,theheaddressoftheHuiethnicgroupismostremarkablewithitsdistinctivefeatures.
sclothing
Themale'
sclothingisdividedinto"
children,adultandelderlyclothes"
basedontheirages.menoftenwearasmallwhitehat,sometimeswearhatshaveothercolorsof,grey,blue,green,redandblack.Somearemonochrome.Somehavelaceedges,patternsorcharactersofwesternethnicstyles,likethepatternofstarandmoon,floralpatterns,etc.Theycanbechosenfordifferentseasonsandoccasions.Generally,peoplewearmostlywhitehatsorhatswithfloralpatterninspring,summerandautumn,andgreyorblackhatsinwinter.Intheweddingceremony,thegroomusuallywearsaredhatforcelebration.Exceptforwhitehat,theHuipeoplealsowrapheadswithwhiteoryellowtowelsorcloths.TheyareoftencalledDasdaror"
head-wrappedHui"
.Dasdarisnormally3mor4mlong.Wrappingpaysparticularattentiontotheskills.Itcanonlybewrappedtotheforeheadhairatthefrontandtheforeheadcan'
tbewrappedinside.Waistcoatisanimportantpartofmen'
sclothingforHuipeople,representingtheethnicfeaturesof"
simpleandnatural"
.TheHuipeopleweardifferentwaistcoatsindifferentseasons.Itcouldbewornoutsideandinside.TheHuipeoplehasthetraditionofpracticingmartialarts.Peoplewearthewaistcoat,foldupsleevestowashhandsandfaceanddochores.Thewaistcoatismadeofcloth,silk,thinsilk,linen.Itcanbewornbothinsummerandwinterandcanserveasunderwearandcoat.
Besides,ElderlyHuipeopleoftenwearakindofleathersocksinwinter,whichiscalledMaisaisocks,"
Maisaihai"
means"
leathersocks"
andismadeofthinandsoftoxhide,similartoleatherjacket,cleanandbright,firmandendurable.Onewearstheleathersockandeliminatesthestepsoffeet-washing.Touchingthesock'
stoetoheelwithwethandsequalstofeetwashing.Therefore,HuipeoplegenerallylikewearingMaisaisocks.Insomeplaces,Huimenliketowearaswordaroundtheirwaists,commonlycalledbroadsword.TheHuimenwearbroadswordfortwopurposes:
firstlytodecorateandsecondlytokillorsavesacrificialanimalsatanytime.ThiscustomisthesameasthatrecordedbyDuHuanfromTangDynasty,"
Muslimswearsilverbeltandbroadsword."
ItwasintroducedfromMuslimstoHuipeopleinChinaandbecamegraduallyahabitofHuipeople.
TheheadscarfisatraditionalheadscarfofMuslimwomentocoverhair,ear,neck,butnottheface.Islamregardswomen'
shairas"
positionsofshame"
.AlcoranemphasizesandpointsoutthattheMuslimwomenshould"
lookdownwardsandcovertheirpositionsofshame"
.Tocoverthehair,preventsandandkeepclean,Muslimwomenformedgraduallythecustomsofwearingheadscarf.Theheadscarfisgenerallydividedintothreecolors:
green,blueandblack.Itisembeddedwithgildededgesandembroideredwithsimpleandelegantflowerpatterns,fresh,elegantandbeautiful,vividandcharming.
ThetraditionalclothesofHuiwomenhavegenerallysideopeningsandrichdecorations.Girlsandyoungmarriedwomenliketohaveinsertedlines,colorreamandrollededgesontheirclothes.Someevenembroiderbrightandvividflowersonthefrontofclothes.ClothesofHuiwomenhaveusuallybuttonsontheright.Buttonsaremadebythemselves.TraditionalshoesofHuiwomenareusuallyembroideredwithflowersatthetop.TheHuicustomofwearingringshasbeeninfluencedbycustomsofArabiancountriesandIslam.InArabiancountries,whenMuslimgirlsareengaged,theyoftencheckgroom-to-be'
seconomicconditionsandaskforgoldandsilverjewelryasthebetrothalgift.Inaddition,MuslimswhocamefromArab,PersiaandothercountriestodobusinessinChinaweregoodatrunningbusinessesofgoldandsilverjewelry,hence,wereofgoodeconomicconditions.Theirwivesanddaughtersallworejewelries.ThethirdfactorwastheinfluenceofHanChinese.TheHanChinesehasatraditionofwearingringsforover2000years.PeopleworeringsasearlyastheShangDynasty.AllthesefactorsexercisedinfluencesonHuipeople'
swearingofgoldandsilverornaments.WomenclothingofHuiisdividedinto"
unmarried,marriedandmiddle-aged,marriedandold-aged"
.Differentstylesofclothingareformedfordifferentregions,seasonsandprofessions
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- 关 键 词:
- 回族 文化 形成 渊源 影响 英文