如何选择定语从句的引导词 非常有用Word格式.docx
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如何选择定语从句的引导词 非常有用Word格式.docx
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Themanwho/thatvisitedourschoolisfromAustralia.
2.从句中缺宾语,修饰人时用who/whom/that或省略引导词;
修饰物时用which/that或省略引导词。
Gonearethedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinthevillage.
Heisthemanwho/whom/thatIthinktobeworthyofourpraise.
3.从句中缺时间状语,用when或介词+which引导。
Thedayfinallycamewhen/onwhichIwasgivenajob.
We'
llputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,whenwewon'
tbesobusy.
4.从句中缺地点状语,用where或介词+which引导。
Pleaseputtheletteronthedeskwhere/onwhichhecaneasilyfindit.
5.从句中缺原因状语或先行词是reason时,引导词用why/forwhich/that。
Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhich/thathedidn'
tcometothemeeting.
6.从句中缺定语,人和物都用whose引导。
Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.
Pleasepassmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack.
7.当先行词是way时,其定语从句的引导词用inwhich/that。
Thewayinwhich/thathelooksatproblemsiswrong.
二、引导词as可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句。
1.在固定词组thesame...as,such...as中,as引导限制性定语从句。
Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.
I'
veboughtthesamedressassheiswearing.
2.当先行词是整个主句时,可用as/which引导非限制性定语从句。
引导词as和which的区别在于:
①as引导的非限制性定语从句可放于主句前、主句中、主句后,而which引导的非限制性定语从句一般放于主句后或句中。
②as常与从句中的know,see,hear,expect等动词连用,也常用于asoftenhappens,asisoftenthecase(常有的事)等句子中;
而which一般不用于以上情况。
③as有“正如”的含义,which没有此含义。
Asiswellknown,Shanghaiisabigcity.
Someoftheroadswereflooded,whichmadeourjourneymoredifficult.
三、关系代词who,whom,whose,which和as能引导非限制性定语从句,而that不能;
非限制性定语从句中即使缺宾语,引导词也不能省略;
关系副词when,where能引导非限制性定语从句,而why不能。
AbrahamLincoln,wholedtheUnitedStatesthroughtheCivilWaryears,wasshotonApril14,1865.
四、先行词是物时,其引导词可用which也可用that,通常情况下二者可互换,但在有些情况下不能。
1.用which不用that引导定语从句的三种情况:
①非限制性定语从句用which,不用that引导。
Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.
②先行词为that时,为了避免重
复,定语从句用which不用that引导。
Thatwhichyouborrowedfrommewasn'
tarealdiamondnecklace.
③介词后用which不用that引导。
Themethodwithwhichyousolvedtheproblemisverygood.
2.用that不用which的七种情况:
①先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,用that不用which引导。
ThisisthebestplacethatIhaveevervisited.
Thesecondquestionthatisaskediswhywedon'
tfallofftheearth.
②先行词为little,much,all,none,few,(the)one,something,everything,nothing,anything等不定代词时,用that引导。
Thereisnothingintheworldthatcanfrightenhim.
③先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时,用that引导。
Hetoldusaboutthepeopleandthecitiesthathehadvisited.
④先行词前有any,all,no,few,every,some,little,much,(the)very,(the)only,(the)last等词修饰时,用that引导。
ThisistheverycoatthatIneed.
Isoxygentheonlygasthathelpsfireburn?
⑤先行词为which时,为了避免重复,用that引导。
Whichisthebookthatyouboughtyesterday?
⑥先行词在从句中作表语时,常用that引导。
Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobeinthe1930'
s.
⑦当主句是Therebe...句型时,用that引导。
Therearetwoticketsforthefilmthatareforyoutwo.
五、在“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,从句的谓语动词应与复数名词保持一致;
当one前有theonly修饰时,从句的谓语动词应与theonlyone保持一致。
Hewasoneofthestudentswhowerelateforclass.
Hewastheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaslateforclass.
六、引导词前有介词或短语介词时,修饰人只能用whom,修饰物只能用which引导。
Myglasses,withoutwhichIwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.
Theman,bywhomthewolfwasshot,iscalledJackson.
1.who(主格)先行词指人,在定语从句中作主语。
Whom(宾语)先行词指人,定语从句中作宾语。
例句:
Ishethemanwhowantstoseeyou?
Heistheman(whom)Isawinthereadingroomyesterday。
(whom作宾语时可省略)
2.whose先行词指人或指物,且只作定语,若指物,可与ofwhich互换。
Thatisabookwhosecover(ofwhichthecover)isred。
3.which先行词指物,在从句中可作主语,宾语。
Thebagwhichisonthedeskismine.
4.that几乎是万能胶……能代替上述3个引导词,可做主语,宾语。
在此不再举例.
that的特殊用法:
ATherebe句型中用that不用which
B在不定代词(something,anything,all,few,any等)后用that,不用which(something后也可用which)
C先行词有all,every,some,any,only,few或序数词,形容词最高级修饰时,只用that
D先行词既指人又指物时,用that
E先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时,用that
F避免关联词重复,用that
G用作关系副词,修饰表示时间的名词(day,time,moment……)that可替代when
5.when,where,why的先行词是指时间地点和理由的名词,先行词在从句中做状语.能与介词+which互换.
人
物
主
宾
Who
能代
Whom
Which
Whose
54.TheBeatles,__________manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.(2006天津卷)
A.what
B.that
C.how
D.as
55.Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,__________meantspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.(2006江苏卷)
A.who
C.as
D.which
56.Women__________drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose__________don’t.(2006北京卷)
A.who;
不填
B.
不填;
who
C.who;
who
D.
不填
57.Lookout!
Don’tgettooclosetothehouse__________roofisunderrepair.(2006福建卷)
A.whose
B.which
C.ofwhich
D.what
58.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,__________wegavesomebellsandglasses.(2006湖南卷)
A.towhich
B.towhom
C.withwhom
D.withwhich
59.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents__________Chineseintheschool,most__________werefromGermany.(2006辽宁卷)
A.study;
ofwhom
B.study;
ofthem
C.studying;
ofthem
D.studying;
ofwhom
60.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint__________bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.(2006山东卷)
A.where
C.when
61.ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,__________shewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.(2006陕西卷)
A.afterwhich
B.fromwhich
C.fromthat
D.afterthat
62.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst__________Ireallyenjoyed.(2006浙江卷)
A.ofthat
B.ofwhich
C.that
63.Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection__________shehadcome.(2006重庆卷)
A.ofwhich
B.bywhich
C.inwhich
D.fromwhich
64.Youcanfindwhateveryouneedattheshoppingcentre,__________isalwaysbusyattheweekend.(2006上海卷)
A.that
B.where
C.what
65.Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?
—Yes,there’sonepoint__________wemustinsiston.(2006江西卷)
A.why
D./
66.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,__________wantedtobuyit.(2007安徽卷)
A.noneofthem
B.bothofthem
C.noneofwhom
D.neitherofwhom
67.Weshouldn’tspentourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof__________arehealthy.(2007北京卷)
D.whom
68.Thevillagehasdevelopedalot__________welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.(2007福建卷)
A.when
D.where
69.Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself,__________canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.(2007湖南卷)
D.that
70.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,__________hewentontoBeijingUniversity.(2007江苏卷)
B.afterthat
D.inthat
71.Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer__________shehadtodecidewhattodo.(2007江西卷)
B.what
C.which
72.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoaday-carecenter,__________theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.(2007全国I)
A.then
B.there
C.while
73.—Wheredidyougettoknowher?
—Itwasonthefarm__________weworked.(2007山东卷)
74.Thebookwaswrittenin1946,__________theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatcharges.(2007山东卷)
B.duringwhich
C.sincethen
D.sincewhen
75.Today,
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