抗震英文客观题汇总Seismic design MOOCExercises文档格式.docx
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抗震英文客观题汇总Seismic design MOOCExercises文档格式.docx
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A、StructuretypeB、Epicentraldistance
C、AdministrativedivisionD、Citysize
4.Seismicintensityismainlyassessedaccordingto(C)
A、Theamountofenergyreleasedbythehypocenter
B、Thevelocityandaccelerationofgroundmotion
C、Theextentofthebuildingdamage,humanfeelingandotherphenomena
D、Earthquakemagnitude,focaldepth,epicentraldistance,soilconditionsandtopography
True
or
false
questions
1.SeismicwavesincludePwave,Swave,RayleighwaveandLovewave,ofwhichthefastestisPwave.(√)
2.SeismicphenomenashowthatSwavesjoltthebuildingupanddownandPwavescausehorizontalshakingandsurfacewavesmakethebuildingvibratebothverticallyandhorizontally.(×
)
Answerthequestion
1.Whatismagnitude,whatisintensity,andwhatistherelationshipbetweenthem?
A:
1)Magnitudeisanindicatoroftheamountofenergyreleasedbyanearthquake,itisanimportantparameterinearthquakepredictionandearthquakeengineeringresearch.
2)Intensityrepresentstheseverityofgroundvibrationresultingfromanearthquake,whichisrelatedtomagnitudeandepicentraldistance.
3)Generally,thegreaterthemagnitude,thehighertheintensity.Thereisonlyonemagnitudeinanearthquake,buttheintensityofthesameearthquakevariesindifferentregions.
2.Brieflydescribetheclassificationofearthquakesaccordingtotheirorigin.
1)Tectonicearthquake,causedbytectonicmovementsoftheearth.
2)Volcanicearthquake,groundvibrationcausedbyvolcanoeruption.
3)Collapseearthquake,smalllocalearthquakecausedbycavecollapse.
4)Human-inducedearthquake,causedbynuclearexplosionorsuddenchangeofrockstressinducedbytheimpoundmentanddrainageoflargereservoir.
3.Therearethreeimportantcharacteristicsofseismicwaverecords.Brieflydescribethem.
PGA,primarilyinfluencesthevibrationamplitude;
Frequencyspectrum,representingthecharacteristicsoffrequencyandperiod;
Duration,affectsthetotalenergyoftheearthquakeandstructuraldamage.
Chapter2Basicprinciplesofseismicdesign
1.Forrarelyoccurringintensity,theexceedanceprobabilitywith50yearsofservicelifeis(D)
A、63.2%B、31.8%
C、10%D、3~2%
2.Thereturnperiodofanearthquakeindicateshowoftenanearthquakeofagivenintensityoccurs.InChina,thereturnperiodcorrespondingtotheseismicfortificationintensityis(B)
A、50yearsB、475years
C、1600yearsD、10000years
1.Whatisseismicconceptualdesign?
Whatdoesitinvolve?
Pleasetalkaboutyourunderstandingofthepurposeandsignificanceofseismicconceptualdesign.
Seismicconceptualdesignis,accordingtotheseismicforce,toselectappropriatestructuralsystem,materialandstructuraldetails,soastoachieveareasonableseismicfortificationobjective.
Itinvolvestheselectionofthebuildingsite,theselectionofthestructuralsystem,theplaneregularityandverticalregularity,thedeterminationofthedynamiccharacteristicsofthestructure,andthereliabilityofthetransmissionmechanism.
Seismicconceptualdesigncanavoidorreducethenegativeinfluenceofseismicdesignfromthebeginning,contributingtoobtainthemostfavorablecombinationofseismicperformanceofthestructureandcreatingfavorableconditionsfornumericalcalculationinthedesign.
2.Whatisthestartingpointofseismicperformancedesignofstructures?
Howarethespecificcontrolobjectivesset?
Theseismicdesignofstructurehasthebasicperformancerequirementsof"
nodamageunderminorearthquake,repairableundermoderateearthquake,nocollapseundermajorearthquake"
andtheseismicperformancedesignhasestablishedmoredetailedandconvenientquantitativeindexforthisguidingprinciple.Fordifferentstructures,therearedifferentrequirementsofseismicgrade,performanceandrepair.Theseismicperformancedesignbasedonthebearingcapacityanddeformationcapacity,meetingtheusefunctiononthespecialrequirementsinaccordancewithspecificproject,byproposingdifferentperformancerequirementsonstructures,combinedwiththeselectionofstructuralmeasures.Specificcontrolobjectivesaresetaccordingtodifferentseismicgradesanddifferentperformancerequirements.Themaincontrolobjectivesincludebearingcapacity,deformationcapacity,structuralmeasures,toachievethecontrolobjectivesofseismicdamageseverity,bearingcapacityreductionanddeformationamplitudeforstructuresofdifferentperformancerequirements.
Chapter3Site,subsoilandfoundation
1.Themaximumseismicactionofasingledegreeoffreedomsystemismasstimesmaximumrelativeacceleration.(×
)
2.Theseismicimpactcoefficient
isdefinedastheratiobetweenthemaximumhorizontalseismicactionontheelasticsystemofasinglematterpointandthegravityoftheparticle.α=F/G(√)
3.Theseismiccoefficientistheratioofthepeakaccelerationofgroundmotionandtheaccelerationofgravity.(√)
4.Thedeformationcausedbygroundacceleration
g(t)isexactlythesameasthatcausedbyexternalloadp(t)equalto-m
g(t).(√)
1.Inadditiontomass,seismicintensityandnaturalvibrationperiodofstructure,thestandardvalueFekofhorizontalseismicactionisalsorelatedtothefollowingfactors.(B)
A.Siteplanesize
B.Sitefeaturecycle
C.Loadcomponentcoefficient
D.Earthquakeresistancegrade,
1.Whataretheapplicableconditionsforthebaseshearmethod?
A:
Thebaseshearmethodisapplicablewhenthefirstmodeofthestructureundertheactionofearthquakeismainlythefirstmode,andthefirstmodeisapproximatelyastraightline.Specifictothebuildingstructureperformance:
①thestructureofthemassandstiffnessalongtheheightofthedistributionismoreuniform;
②Thetotalheightofthebuildingshallnotbegreaterthan40m;
③Sheardeformationisdominantinbuildingstructuresunderearthquakeaction;
④Theseismictorsionofthebuildingstructurecanbeignored.
2.Howmanymethodsarethereforseismicdesignofstructures?
Pleaselistandbrieflydescribeeachmethod.
①Staticmethod,takingtheinertialforcegeneratedbyseismicactionasthestaticmethodtoconsiderthestructuraleffect;
②Thebaseshearmethodisaspecialcaseofthemodedecompositionmethod,whichisapplicabletothestructurewiththefirstmodeasthemainmodeandthemodeastheapproximatestraightline.
③Vibrationmodedecompositionandresponsespectrummethod,thevibrationactionofthestructureisdecomposedintothesuperpositionofeffectsunderdifferentmodesofvibration.Accordingtothedegreeofcouplingbetweendifferentmodes,itcanbedividedintoSRSSmethodandCQCmethod.
④Timehistoryanalysis:
studythestructureintheseismicwaveprocessofthereactionprocess,suitableformorecomplexstructuresandtheneedforelastic-plasticanalysisofthestructure.
3.Whatfactorsarerelatedtotheearthquakeimpactcoefficient?
Accordingtothecalculationformulaofα,itisrelatedtoseismicintensity,fieldvibrationdynamiccharacteristics(pre-eminentperiod),siteconditions,naturalvibrationperiodofstructure,dampingratioofstructureandotherfactors.
Chapter4SeismicresponseodSDOFandMDOF
1.Thesiteanalogyisdeterminedsyntheticallyaccordingtotheequivalentshearwavevelocityofsoillayerandthesiteoverburdenthickness.(√)
2.Theso-calledseismicfortification,istheresistancetopreventbytheearthquakedirectlycausedbythesurfacedamage,buildingdamage,andtheresultingcasualtiesandeconomiclosses.(×
1.InaccordancewiththeprovisionsofChina'
scurrentseismicdesigncode,thebuildingin(A)shallbeconsideredforseismicfortification.
A.Nationwide
B.Itislocatedintheareawithseismicfortificationintensityof5~9degrees
C.Itislocatedintheareawithseismicfortificationintensityof5~9degrees
D.Itislocatedintheareawithseismicfortificationintensityof5~10degrees
2.Whenchoosingabuildingsite,thefollowingdisadvantagesare(A)
A.Faultrupturezone
B.Areaswherelandslidesmayoccurduringanearthquake
C.Areasthatmaycollapseduringanearthquake
D.Areaswherecracksmayoccurduringanearthquake
3.Thefollowing(A)requirementsarereasonablewhenselectingabuildingsiteinanearthquakezone.
A.ClassCbuildingsshouldnotbeconstructedinareaswherecracksmayoccurduringanearthquake
B.Incaseofseismicruptureinthesite,itshouldberesolutelyavoided
C.ClassBbuildingsshouldnotbeconstructedonliquefiedsoil
D.ClassAbuildingsshouldbebuiltonhardearth
4.Thehazardzoneforseismicrequirementsis(A)thegeologicaltype
A.Landslides,collapses,sinkholesandcracksmayoccur
B.Softsoil,liquefiedsoil
C.RiverBanksandunevensoillayers
D.Collapsibleloess
11.Thesitetypesofbuildingcanbedividedintofourcategoriesaccordingtotheequivalentshearwavevelocityofsoilandthethicknessofthesiteoverburden.
1.Describethevibrationcharacteristicsofsoftandhardfields?
Thetopsoilofthesitehasfilteringandlocalamplificationeffectsonseismicwaves.Duetothefilteringeffect,thesoftsite
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