初中英语双语阅读雾都孤儿素材06261123.docx
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初中英语双语阅读雾都孤儿素材06261123.docx
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初中英语双语阅读雾都孤儿素材06261123
OliverTwistbyCharlesDickens
[雾都孤儿/查尔斯·狄更斯著]
■简介
《雾都孤儿》一书于1838年首次刊行。
当时并不时兴写作反映生活的悲惨现实的小说,但狄更斯存心要使读者震惊。
他想要展示出罪犯们的真实面目,揭露出隐藏在伦敦狭小、肮脏的偏僻街道里的恐怖与暴力。
因此他为我们写了邪恶的费金,残暴的比尔·赛克斯,以及一大群窃贼强盗。
这些人撒谎、欺诈、偷盗,害怕进监狱,害怕刽子手把绞索套到他们的脖颈上,在惴惴不安中生活。
狄更斯写这本书还有一个目的。
他试图说明,善良能克服一切艰难险阻。
因此,他为我们塑造了小奥利弗·特威斯特——一个孤儿,他被投入一个充满贫困与犯罪的世界,忍饥挨饿,挨打挨骂,从来没有人爱他。
他为我们写出了南希——可怜、凄惨、悲苦的南希,她生活在一个残忍的世界中,却挣扎着要忠实于她所爱的人。
而且,正如在一切最好的故事里一样,善良最终战胜了邪恶。
查尔斯·狄更斯(1812—1870)是英国最伟大的小说家之一。
他出生于一个穷苦的家庭(他的父亲曾因欠债而入狱),但他后来享有盛名,并且拥有财富。
■1Oliver'searlylife
OliverTwistwasborninaworkhouse,andwhenhearrivedinthishardworld,itwasverydoubtfulwhetherhewouldlivebeyondthefirstthreeminutes.Helayonahardlittlebedandstruggledtostartbreathing.
Oliverfoughthisfirstbattlewithoutmuchassistancefromthetwopeoplepresentathisbirth.Onewasanoldwoman,whowasnearlyalwaysdrunk,andtheotherwasabusylocaldoctor,whowasnotpaidenoughtobeveryinterestedinOliver'ssurvival.Afterall,deathwasacommoneventintheworkhouse,whereonlythepoorandhomelesslived.
However,Olivermanagedtodrawhisfirstbreath,andthenannouncedhisarrivaltotherestoftheworkhousebycryingloudly.Hismotherraisedherpaleyoungfacefromthepillowandwhispered,'Letmeseethechild,anddie.'
Thedoctorturnedawayfromthefire,wherehehadbeenwarminghishands.'Youmustnottalkaboutdyingyet,'hesaidtoherkindly.Hegaveherthechildtohold.Lovingly,shekissedthebabyonitsforeheadwithhercoldwhitelips,thenstaredwildlyaroundtheroom,fellback-anddied.'Poordear!
'saidthenurse,hurriedlyputtingagreenglassbottlebackinthepocketofherlongskirt.
Thedoctorbegantoputonhiscoat.'Thebabyisweakandwillprobablyhavedifficulties,'hesaid.'Ifso,giveitalittlemilktokeepitquiet.'Thenhelookedatthedeadwoman.'Themotherwasagood-lookinggirl.Wheredidshecomefrom?
'
'Shewasbroughtherelastnight,'repliedtheoldwoman.'Shewasfoundlyinginthestreet.She'dwalkedsomedistance,judgingbyhershoes,whichwereworntopieces.Whereshecamefrom,whereshewasgoingto,orwhathernamewas,nobodyknows.'
Thedoctorliftedthegirl'slefthand.'Theoldstory,'hesaidsadly,shakinghishead.'Noweddingring,Isee.Ah!
Goodnight.'
AndsoOliverwasleftwithonlythedrunkennurse.Withoutclothes,underhisfirstblanket,hecouldhavebeenthechildofakingorabeggar.Butwhenthewomandressedhimlaterinroughcottonclothes,yellowwithage,helookedexactlywhathewas-anorphaninaworkhouse,readyforalifeofmisery,hunger,andneglect.
Olivercriedloudly.Ifhecouldhaveknownthathewasaworkhouseorphan,perhapshewouldhavecriedevenmoreloudly.
Therewasnoonetolookafterthebabyintheworkhouse,soOliverwassenttoaspecial'babyfarm'nearby.There,heandthirtyotherchildrenrolledaroundthefloorallday,withouttheinconvenienceoftoomuchfoodortoomuchclothing.MrsMann,theoldwomanwho'lookedafter'them,wasveryexperienced.Sheknewwhatwasgoodforchildren,andafullstomachwasverydangeroustotheirhealth.Shealsoknewwhatwasgoodforherself,soshekeptforherownusethemoneythatshewasgivenforthechildren'sfood.Theboardresponsiblefortheorphanssometimescheckedonthehealthofthechildren,butTheyalwayssentthebeadle,akindoflocalpoliceman,toannouncetheirvisitthedaybefore.Sowhenevertheboardarrived,ofcourse,thechildrenwerealwaysneatandclean.
ThiswasthewayOliverwasbroughtup.Consequently,attheageofninehewasapale,thinchildandshortforhisage.ButdespitefrequentbeatingsbyMrsMann,hisspiritwasstrong,whichwasprobablythereasonwhyhemanagedtoreachtheageofnineatall.
OnOliver'sninthbirthday,MrBumblethebeadlecametothehousetoseeMrsMann.ThroughthefrontwindowMrsMannsawhimatthegate,andturnedquicklytothegirlwhoworkedwithher.
'Quick!
TakeOliverandthoseothersupstairstobewashed!
'shesaid.Thensheranouttounlockthegate.(Itwasalwayskeptlockedtopreventofficialvisitorswalkinginunexpectedly.)
'Ihavebusinesstotalkabout,'MrBumbletoldMrsMannasheenteredthehouse.Hewasabigfatman,oftenbad-tempered,andwasfullofself-importance.Hedidnotliketobekeptwaitingatalockedgate.
MrsManntookhishatandcoat,placedachairforhim,andexpressedgreatconcernforhiscomfort.'You'vehadalongwalk,MrBumble'shesaid,'andyoumustbethirsty.'Shetookoutabottlefromthecupboard.
'No,thankyou,MrsMann.Notadrop.'Hewavedthebottleaway.
'Justalittledrop,MrBumble,withcoldwater,'saidMrsMannpersuasively.
MrBumblecoughed.'Whatisit?
'heasked,lookingatthebottlewithinterest.
'Gin.Ikeepitforthechildren'smedicinedrink.'
'Yougivethechildrengin,MrsMann?
'askedMrBumble,watchingasshemixedhisdrink.
'Onlywithmedicine,sir.Idon'tliketoseethemsuffer.'
'You'reagoodwoman,MrsMann.'MrBumbledrankhalfhisglassimmediately.'I'lltelltheboardaboutyou.Now-thereasonwhyI'mhere.OliverTwistisnineyearsoldtoday.We'veneverbeenabletodiscoveranythingabouthisparents.'
'Thenhowdidhegethisname?
'
'Igaveittohim,'saidMrBumbleproudly.'Wefollowthealphabet.ThelastonewasanS-Swubble.ThenitwasT,sothisoneisTwist.ThenextonewillbeUnwin.Anyway,OliverTwistisnowoldenoughtoreturntotheworkhouse.Bringhimhere,please.'WhileMrsMannwenttogethim,MrBumblefinishedtherestofhisgin.
Oliver,hisfaceandhandsnowalmostclean,wasledintotheroom.
'Willyoucomealongwithme,Oliver?
'askedMrBumbleinaloudvoice.
OliverwasverygladtobefreeofMrsMann'sviolence,buthesaidnothingbecauseshewasangrilyshakingherfingerathim.However,asthegateclosedbehindOliver,heburstintotears.Hewasleavingbehindtheotherchildren,theonlyfriendshehad,andherealizedatthatmomenthowlonelyhewasintheworld.
MrBumblewalkedonwithlongsteps,withOliveronhisshortlittlelegsrunningbesidehim.Thefeelingofcontentmentproducedbygin-and-waterhadnowdisappeared,andthebeadlewasinabadmoodoncemore.
Backattheworkhouse,Oliverwastakentoseetheboard.Hestoodinfrontoftenfatmenwhoweresittingaroundatable.
'What'syourname,boy?
'askedaparticularlyfatmanwithaveryround,redface.
Oliverwasfrightenedatthesightofsomanypeople,andstartedtocry.
'Whyareyoucrying?
'
Thebeadlehithimontheback,andsonaturallyOlivercriedevenmore.
'Theboyisafool,'onememberoftheboardannounced.
'Youknowyouhavenofatherormother,'saidthefirstman,'andthatyouhavebeenbroughtupwithotherorphans?
'
'Yes,sir,'repliedOliver,cryingbitterly.
'Whyistheboycrying?
'repeatedtheotherman,puzzled.
'Youhavecomeheretobeeducated,'continuedthefatman,'soyouwillstartworkingheretomorrowatsixo'clock.'
Oliverwasledawaytoalargeroom,where,onaroughhardbed,hecriedhimselftosleep.
Theroomintheworkhousewheretheboyswerefedwasalargestonehall,andatoneendthemasterandtwowomenservedthefood.Thisconsistedofabowlofthinsoupthreetimesaday,withapieceofbreadonSundays.Theboysateeverythingandwerealwayshungry.Thebowlsneverneededwashing.TheboyspolishedthemwiththeirspoonsuntilTheyshone.Afterthreemonthsofthisslowstarvation,oneoftheboystoldtheothershewassohungrythatonenighthemighteattheboywhosleptnexttohim.Hehadawildhungryeye,andtheotherboysbelievedhim.Afteralongdiscussion,Theydecidedthatoneofthemshouldaskformorefoodaftersupperthatevening,andOliverwaschosen.
Theeveningarrived;thesoupwasserved,andthebowlswereemptyagaininafewseconds.Oliverwentuptothemaster,withhisbowlinhishand.Hefeltveryfrightened,butalsodesperatewithhunger.
'Please,sir,Iwantsomemore.'
Themasterwasafat,healthyman,butheturnedverypale.Helookedatthelittleboyinfrontofhimwithamazement.Nobodyelsespoke.
'What?
'heaskedatlast,inafaintvoice.
'Please,sir,'repliedOliver,'Iwantsomemore.'
Themasterhithimwiththeservingspoon,thenseizedOliver'sarmsandshoutedforthebeadle.Thebeadlecamequickly,heardthedreadfulnews,andimmediatelyrantotelltheboard.
'Heaskedformore?
'MrLimbkins,thefattestboardmember,askedinhorror.'Bumble-isthisreallytrue?
'
'Thatboywillbehanged!
'saidthemanwhoearlierhadcalledOliverafool.'YouseeifI'mnotright.'
Oliverwasledawaytobelockedup,andarewardwasofferedtoanybodywhowouldtakehimawayandusehimforwork.
1奥利弗的童年
奥利弗·特威斯特出生在一家济贫院里,他来到这个艰难的人世的那一刻,是否能活过三分钟都是很难说的。
他躺在一张小硬板床上,挣扎着开始呼吸。
他出生时在场的两个人没有给他什么帮助,这使得奥利弗要独自承当他的第一场战斗。
其中一个是位老妇人,她几乎总是喝得醉醺醺的;另一个则是当地一位忙碌的医生,这位医生没有得到足够的报酬,所以对奥利弗能否活下来并不很在意。
在济贫院这个只有穷人和无家可归的人待的地方,死亡毕竟是一件非常平常的事。
不管怎样,奥利弗总算尽力吸进了第一口气,然后,他以响亮的哭声向济贫院里其他的人宣告自己的到来。
他的母亲从枕头上抬起了年轻而苍白的脸,用微弱的声音说:
“让我看一眼孩子,我就可以死了。
”
正在火炉上烤手取暖的医生转过身来,好心地对她说:
“别说什么死不死的了。
”他把孩子递过去让她抱在怀里。
她用冰冷而毫无血色的嘴唇怜爱地在孩子的额头上亲了一下,然后急切地在屋里四处环顾一圈,便向后倒去,咽了气。
“可怜的东西!
”老看护说着,急忙将一个绿色的小玻璃瓶揣回长裙子的兜里。
这时医生开始穿外衣。
“这孩子太弱,恐怕会有麻烦,”他说,“如果真是这样,给他喂点牛奶,好让他别哭。
”然后,他又转过脸看了一眼死去的女人,说:
“这母亲长得还挺漂亮。
她是从哪儿来的?
”
“她是昨天夜里被送到这儿来的,”老妇人回答道。
“她倒在马路上,被人发现了。
她脚上那双鞋子已经磨得破破烂烂的了,由此可以看出她是从很远的地方来的。
她从哪儿来,要到哪儿去,叫什么名字,没人知道。
”
医生拉起那年轻女人的左手,摇摇头,伤心地说:
“又是老一套。
没有结婚戒指,果然如此。
唉!
晚安。
”
奥利弗就这样被留下了,由那位醉醺醺的看护一个人看着。
他光着身子,裹在毕生第一块毯子里,既可以是国王的儿子,也可以是乞丐的儿子。
可后来老妇人给他穿上了由于年头太久而发了黄的粗棉布衣服,这时,他看上去和他的身份完全一致了——一个济贫院的孤儿,准备好了去过一种充满苦难、饥饿和忽视的生活。
奥利弗大声哭着。
假如他已经知道自己是一个济贫院的孤儿,他可能会哭得更响些。
在济贫院里没有专人照顾婴儿,所以奥利弗被送进了附近一家专门的“育婴堂”。
在这里,奥利弗与其他三十多个孩子每天在地上滚爬着,没有过多的衣物和食物来麻烦他们。
曼太
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