学年进才中学高三下英语开学考文档格式.docx
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学年进才中学高三下英语开学考文档格式.docx
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Foryoungpeoplewhoworklonghoursinstressfuljobs,mobileapps___26___(add)totheirqualityoflife.UsingtheDidiappisquickerthanhailing(招呼)ataxi,andusinganapptoordersupperisquickerandeasierthan___27___(cook)ameal.And,ofcourse,ifsomethingisneededimmediately(medicine,etc.),itcanbeorderedwithanappanddeliveredwithinhours.
Thedownsideofthis,however,isthedangerofpeoplebecomingmoreisolated.Incases___28___peopleworkontheircomputersfromhome,theymayseldomhaveaface-to-faceconversationwithothers.Thislackofinteractioncanbementallyunhealthy.And,___29___studieshaveshown,iftheonlyfriendsyouhaveareonsocialmedia,youreallydonothaveanyfriends.
AlthoughtheLazyEconomyisconvenient,sometimesalittleinconvenienceisnotsobad.Itisgoodforyourmentalhealthtogetoutandmixwithcrowds,talktoshopassistantsandcookyourownsupperwithfoodyouboughtfromthesupermarket.Iplantodoallthesethingsduringthiswintervacation,___30___nextChristmas,Iamstillgoingtoshoponline!
SectionB
Directions:
Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.conditionB.reverseC.monitorD.presentE.matureF.mobility
G.rejectedH.potentialI.symptomsJ.progressionK.transformed
JapanhumantrialtestsiPScelltreatmentforParkinson’s
JapanresearchersonMondayannouncedthefirsthumantrialusingakindofstemcelltotreatParkinson’sdisease,buildingonearlieranimaltrials.
TheresearchteamatKyotoUniversityplanstoinjectfivemillioninducedPluripotentStem(IPS)cells(诱导多能干细胞)--whichhavethe___31___todevelopintoanycellinthebody-intopatientbrains,theuniversitysaidinapressrelease.TheiPScellsfromhealthydonorwillbedevelopedintodopamine-producingbraincells,whicharenolonger___32___inpeoplewithParkinson’sdisease.Parkinson’sdiseaseisachoronic,degenerativeneurologicaldisorderthataffectsthebody’smotorsystem,oftencausingshakingandotherdifficultiesinmovement.
“Currentlyavailabletherapiesimprovesymptomswithoutslowingorputtingastoptothedisease___33___,”thefoundationsays.Butthenewresearchaimstoactively___34___thedisease.Theclinicaltestwithsevenparticipantsagedbetween50and69willbeginonWednesday.Theuniversitywill___35___theconditionsofthepatientsfortwoyearsaftertheoperation.Thehumantrialcomesafteranearliertrialinvolvingmonkeys.Researchersannouncedlastyearthatprimates(灵长类动物)withParkinson’ssymptomsregainedsignificant___36___afteriPScellswereinsertedintotheirbrains.TheyalsoconfirmedthattheiPScellshadnot___37___intotumorsduringthetwoyearsaftertheimplant.
iPScellsarecreatedbystimulating___38___,alreadyspecialized,cellsbackintoaninfantstate—basicallycloningwithouttheneedforanembryo(胚胎).
Thesecanbederivedfromthepatient,makingthemlesslikelytobe___39___,whilealsoavoidingethicalqualms(不安)abouttakingcellsfromembryos.Thecellscanbetransformedintoarangeofdifferenttypesofcells,andtheiruseisakeysectorofmedicalresearch.
In2014,Riken,aJapanesegovernment-backedresearchinstitution,carriedouttheworld’sfirstsurgerytoimplantiPScellstotreatapatientwithage-relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD),acommonmedical___40___thatcanleadtoblindnessinolderpeople.OsakaUniversityisalsoplanningaclinicaltesttotreatheartfailurebyusingaheartmusclecellsheetcreatedfromiPScells.
Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension
SectionA
ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
Individualsandbusinesseshavelegalprotectionforintellectualpropertytheycreateandown.Intellectualproperty___41___fromcreativethinkingandmayincludeproducts,
___42___,processes,andideas.Intellectualpropertyisprotected
frommisappropriation(盗用).MisappropriationistakingtheIntellectualpropertyofotherswithout___43___compensationandusingitformonetarygain.
Legalprotectionisprovidedforthe___44___ofintellectualproperty.Thethreecommontypesoflegalprotectionarepatents,copyrights,andtrademarks.
Patentsprovideexclusiveuseofinventions.IftheUSPatentoffice
___45___apatent,itisconfirmingthattheintellectualpropertyis
___46___.Thepatentpreventsothersfrommaking,using,orsellingtheinventionwithouttheowner’s
___47___foraperiodof20years.
Copyrightsaresimilartopatents
exceptthattheyare___48___toartisticworks.Acopyrightprotectsthecreatorofan
___49___artisticorintellectualwork,suchasasongoranovel.Acopyrightgivestheownerexclusiverightstocopy,
___50___,display,orperformthework.Thecopyrightpreventsothersfromusingandsellingthework,the
___51___ofacopyrightistypicallythelifetimeoftheauthor
plusanadditional70years.
Trademarksarewords,names,orsymbolsthatidentifythemanufacturerofaproductand___52___itfromsimilarothers.Aservicemarkissimilartoatrademark
butisusedtoidentifyservices.Atrademarkpreventsothersfromusingthe
___53___orasimilarword,name,orsymboltotakeadvantageoftherecognitionand
___54___ofthebrandortocreateconfusioninthemarketplace.
Uponregistration,atrademarkisusuallygrantedforaperiodoftenyears.Itcanbe
___55___foradditionalten-yearperiodsindefinitelyas
longasthemark’susecontinues.
41.A.arousesB.takesC.resultsD.departs
42.A.servicesB.reservesC.assumptionsD.motions
43.A.soundB.partialC.dueD.random
44.A.usersB.ownersC.mastersD.executives
45.A.affordsB.equipsC.fundsD.grants
46.A.symbolicB.imposingC.uniqueD.universal
47.A.rightB.permissionC.consciousnessD.presence
48.A.appliedB.notedC.pressedD.acknowledge
49.A.absoluteB.alternativeC.originalD.imaginary
50.A.highlightB.stimulateC.notifyD.distribute
51.A.rangeB.lengthC.scaleD.extent
52.A.distractB.differC.distinguishD.disconnect
53.A.identicalB.evidentC.literalD.parallel
54.A.accessibilityB.vacancyC.popularityD.vulnerability
55.A.recurredB.renewedC.recalledD.recovered
Readthefollowingfourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
(A)
Canartificialintelligenceuncoveraliar?
Itsoundslikesciencefiction,butsuchanAIsystemispossible.Thequestionis:
Howaccuratecanitbe?
RadaMihalcea,aprofessorofcomputerscienceandengineeringattheUniversityofMichigan,hasworkedondeceptiondetectionforaboutadecade.ThisishowtheyconstructedoneAIdeceptiondetector,andhowitworks.
Thefirstthingthatresearchersworkingonartificialintelligenceandmachinelearningneedisdata.InthecaseoftheworkthatMlhalceadid,theybeganwithvideosfromactualcourtcases.Forexample,adefendantspeakinginatrialinwhichtheywerefoundguiltycouldprovideanexampleofdeceit;
theyalsousedtestimonyfromwitnessesaseitherexampleoftruthfulordeceitfulstatements.Altogether,theyused121videoclipsandthecorrespondingtranscriptsofwhattheysaid—abouthalfrepresenteddeceptivestatements,andhalftruthful.Itwasthisdatathattheyusedtobuildmachinelearningclassifiersthatultimatelyhadbetweena60to75percentaccuracyrate.
Onethingthesystemnoticedistheuseofpronouns—peoplewhoarelyingwouldtendtolessoftenusetheword‘I’or‘we’,Mihalceaexplains.“Instead,peoplewhoarelyingwouldmoreoftenuse‘you,’‘yours,’‘he,’‘they,’and‘she.’”That’snottheonlylinguisticsignal:
someonetellingaliewoulduse“strongerwords”that“reflectcertainty,”shesays.Examplesofthosetypesofwordsare“absolutely,”and“very,”whileinterestingly,peopletellingthetruthweremorelikelytousewordssuchas“maybe”or“probably.”“Ithinkpeoplewhoaredeceptivewouldtrytomakeupforthelietheyareputtingforward,”shesays,“andsotheytrytoseemmorecertainofthemselves.”Asforgestures,shepointsoutthatsomeonebeingdeceitfulwouldmorelikelylookdirectlyintotheey
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