小学介词的用法.docx
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小学介词的用法.docx
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第三课时语法知识词法
(2)
四、介词
1、一种虚词。
不能单独作句子成分,它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语,才能在句子中起作用。
有:
in,on,at,under,with,behind,about,near,before,after,for,to,up,down,from,infrontof,from…to…,of
1、in
① 在……里面。
如:
in the classroom
② in+颜色,穿着……颜色的衣服。
如:
Who‟s the man in white?
③ in+语言,用某种语言说。
如:
What‟s this in English?
④ 在上午、下午、晚上。
如:
in the morning,in the afternoon,in the evening
⑤ 在年、月、季节前。
如:
in 2008,in August,in summer
⑥ 在国家、城市和较大的地方前。
如:
in China,in Wuxi,
2、on
①在……上面。
如:
on the desk
②用在某一天(上、下午)前。
如:
on the 5th of May,on Sunday,on Monday morning
③以Day结尾的节日前。
如:
on Children‟s Day,on New Year‟s Day
④固定搭配。
如:
on foot(步行),on duty(值日),put on(穿上),get on(上车) turn on(打开),on the right / left(在右边/左边),on the wall (在墙上),on Zhongshan Road(在中山路上)
注 意:
树上长的水果用on the tree;不是树上长的外来物用in the tree。
如:
I can see a lot of apples on the tree. There is a boy in the tree.
3、at
①在某个时刻前。
如:
at seven o‟clock
②在传统节日前。
如:
at Spring Festival,at Mid-Autumn Festival,at Christmas
③在较小的地点。
如:
at the bus stop
④固定搭配。
如:
at once(立刻,马上),be good at(擅长……),look at(看),at home(在家),at school(在学校), at weekends(在周末), at night(在夜晚)
4、under 在……下面 如:
There is a cat under the table.
5、behind 在……后面 如:
There is an umbrella behind the door.
6、near 靠近…… 如:
There is a park near my house.
7、beside 在……旁边 如:
The students are standing beside the teacher.
8、next to 紧靠……旁边 如:
The teachers‟ office is next to our classroom.
9、before (时间上)在……之前 如:
before class(上课前)
10、after (时间上)在……之后;依照 固定搭配:
after class(课后),after school(放学后),look after(照看),run after(追赶),read after me(跟我读)
11、between 在两者之间
There are some trees between Building A and Building B.
12、by 乘某种交通工具 如:
by bus,by plane,by the way(顺便说一下)
13、from
①be from = come from(来自……) 如:
Mr Smiths is/comes from Australia.
②from…to…(从……到……)We go to school from Monday to Friday.
14、to 到、去…… 如:
Let‟s go to the zoo.
固定搭配:
write to(给xx写信)behappytodo(高兴做某事)
15、about 关于;大约
如:
I want to buy a book about animals. It‟s about one kilometer away.
16、for 为、给…… 如:
Here‟s a letter for you. What‟s for breakfast?
固定搭配:
look for (寻找),wait for(等候)
17、with
①与……一起。
如:
I‟ll go shopping with my mother.
②具有某种特征。
如:
Who’s the boy with big eyes?
③help... with... 在某方面帮助某人 如:
Can you help me with my English?
④play with... 和……一起玩;拿……玩 如:
play with me,play with a yo-yo
18、in front of 在……前面如:
There is a tree in front of the classroom.
in the front of 在……前部 如:
There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.
19.of “„„的” the first day of a week 一个星期的第一天
a photo of Jim’s family 一张吉姆家人的照片
of 量词的运用 a cup of , a glass of 一杯
练一练:
一.将下列短语翻译成英语。
1.在早晨________________________ 2.在家_______________________
3.上周_______________________ 4.每年__________________________
5.下个周末___________________ 6.晚饭后_____________________
7.八点以前______________________ 8.在冰箱的前面_______________
9.步行_______________________ 10.乘公共汽车___________________
11.擅长游泳________________12.在一个星期五的早晨_____________
二.选用括号内恰当的介词填空。
1) What’s this___________(at, on, in ) English?
2) Christmas is____________(at, on, in ) the 25th of December.
3) The man_______________(with, on, in ) black is Su Hai’s father.
4) He doesn’t do well_________________(at, on, in ) PE.
5) Look at those birds____________________(on, in ) the tree.
6) We are going to meet_________________( at, on, in ) the bus stop
7) Is there a cat_________________(under, behind, in ) the door?
8)We live_______________(at, on, in ) a new house now.
9) Does it often rain_______________ (at, on, in ) spring there?
10)There are some pictures (at,on,in)the wall and some windows (at,on,in) the wall, too.
11)They have a party (at,on,in)Children’s Day.
三.圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词,并将正确的答案写在横线上。
1) Jim is good in English and Maths. ___________
2) They are talking to their plans. ____________
3) How many students have their birthdays on May?
____
4) Women’s Day is at the third of March.. _________
5) I can jog to school on the morning. ___________
6) Can you come and help me on my English?
________
7) I usually take photos in Sunday morning.________
8) What do you do on the Spring Festival?
_________
Homework
一.用适当的介词填空
1. The man___________ blue is Jack’s father.
2. Who’ the girl_________ small mouth?
3. When’sMid-AutumnFestival?
It’s_______SeptemberorOctober.
4. Look, Nancy is sitting____________ her father and mother.
5. My little brother always has a lot________ questions.
6. We’re very happy____________ school.
7. Jim is in Row 4. I sit_____________ him.
8. Our classroom is___________ the teachers’ office.
9. Look___________ the picture. Who is the girl_________ the man and the woman.10. Can you read the number_____________ one__________ ten?
11. What can you see___________ the tree?
Some peaches.
12. Mr. Wang is ill. He’s__________ home.
13. There are some bikes__________ the big tree.
14. Put your umbrella____________ the door.
15. Today is the 6th_________February. The Spring Festival is coming.
16. Sometimesweplayfootball________ourteachers.
17. It’ssixo’clock.Time________getup.
18. ---CanIhelpyou?
---Aglass________juice,please.
19. There’sacinema________thesupermarket.
20. Tom’sshoesare________thebed.
21. Isit________LiMing.LiMingsitsinfront me.
22. Herearesomeapples________you.Thanks!
21. What’s_______thebox?
There’satoybear.
22. Tomis _______ America,heisAmerican.
23. Sheusuallygetsup_______halfpastsix.
24. Wegotoschool_______Monday_______ Friday.
25. Canyouhelpme_______myMaths?
二、用所给的介词填空。
in, from, for, with, on, to, at, of
1. There are some children _______ the river.
2. I live _________ the eighth floor.
3. We could buy hamburgers _______ lunch.
4. I help my mother ______ the housework.
5. Go straight ahead, the post office is ________ your right.
6. Are you listening ________ me?
7.There is a picture _______ horses.
8. Bill is a heavy boy _______ short hair.
9. Adults usually give lucky money to children _______ Spring Festival.
10. It’s a postcard(明信片) __________ the USA.
11. We usually stay ________ home ______ Saturday afternoon.
三. 完形填空
This is a picture of Kat’s __1__. What can we __2__ in the picture?
Look __3__ it, please. The man __4__ the black coat is Kate’s father, Mr. Green. The __5__ in the
red sweater is Mrs. Green. They ___6__ young. The baby is Kate. The little boy is
Kate’s __7__, Jim. __8___ the man behind Mrs. Green?
Oh, he’s ___9__ brother,
Mr. Read. He ___10___ young, too.
()1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers
()2. A. look B. do C. see D.put
()3. A. at B. after C. for D. up
()4. A. onB. of C. in D. to
()5. A. man B. girl C. women D. woman
()6. A. are B. is C. look like D. looking
()7. A. sister B. brother C. father D. aunt
()8. A. What’s B. Where’s C. Who’s D. How is
()9. A. his B. her C. our D. their
()10. A. looks B. am C. look D. very
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