小升初英语系列-名词讲义及演练.doc
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小升初英语系列-名词讲义及演练.doc
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名词讲义及演练
1.名词:
指人或事物的名称。
如Tim,book等
2.分类:
专有名词:
指国家、机构、团体、组织、人名、地名等。
如USA,CCTV,Sara.(首字母大写)
物质名词如water,rice,bread等
不可数名词
抽象名词如health,happiness等
普通名词
个体名词如pen,apple,monkey等
可数名词
集体名词如family,police,animal等
3.可数名词的单复数
l单数:
acomputer,anorange,onetree.(a+辅音开头的单词,an+元音开头的单词)
l复数变化:
A.规则变化:
a.直接加s;pen-pens,bag-bags
b.以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es;bus-buses,box-boxes,watch-watches,
注:
须记住negro-negroes,hero-heroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes
c.以f或fe结尾的,先变f或fe为v,再加es;leaf-leaves,knife-knives.
d.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加es;family-families,factory-factories
注:
须记住boy-boys,monkey-monkeys
B.不规则变化:
a.变元音,变发音;man-men,Englishman-Englishmen,foot-feet
b.单复数相同;Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish
c.单独记忆;child-children,mouse-mice
注:
a.在英语中,一些不是复数形式的名词却是复数概念,如people,police等;而以复数形式出现的名词却是不可数名词,如news.
b.People,fish的复数意思分别是peoples(民族),fishes(鱼的种类),fish(鱼肉)不可数名词
c.另外boy,girl,man,woman修饰可数名词复数时,man/woman用复数,而boy/girl用单数
4.量词修饰名词:
a.知道一些常见的量词:
abottleof,acupof,aglassof,apieceof,apairof,aboxof等
b.修饰可数名词:
aboxoflychees,twoboxesoflychees
c.修饰不可数名词:
aboxofmilk,twoboxesofmilk
5.名词所有格(表示所有关系)
a.名词’s或s’,(该类名词指有生命的)
²不以s结尾的单数名词’s;如Tim’sschoolbag,thedog’sleg,thedoctor’sclinic(clinic可省略)
²以s结尾的复数名词’;如Teachers’Day,但须注意Children’sDay.
²两个并列的人名同时出现;如TommyandTonny’sbedroom(指两人共有的)
而Tommy’sandTonny’sbedroom(指两人各自拥有的)
b.the+名词of+名词(该类名词多指无生命的)
如:
themapofChina,thecolourofthecar,thecapitalofthecountry
c.双重所有格
如:
afriendofmyfather’s
实战演练(满分100分)
一、把下列名词归类。
(2分×5=10分)
comicbookpostcardnewspaperchalkcrayonsharpenermagazinehairfingerfishpurplepigeonpeoplecattleactressricefirebeefjuicecoffeestrawberryshortsballoonhappinessMarinaTokyoBigBenyouthhopeUK
专有名词:
_______________________________________________________
个体名词:
_______________________________________________________
集体名词:
_______________________________________________________
物质名词:
_______________________________________________________
抽象名词:
_______________________________________________________
二、写出下列名词的复数。
(1分×25=25分)
book_________class__________tomato_________scarf__________day______
city________sheep_________boy________knife_________brush__________
radio_________photo________bamboo________thief_______child_________
man________foot________inch_______butterfly____________toy__________
mouse________Chinese___________American_________key______baby______
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
(1分×10=10分)
1.There’reten_________livinginthisbuilding.(family)
2.Inautumn,_________fallfromthetrees.(leaf)
3.Alotof________visitedourschoollastweek.(policeman)
4.Howmany________arethereinyourschool?
(library)
5.Wehaveonlyalittle_______.Pleasehurryup.(time)
6.Ihavetwo____________(knife)
7.The______________areplayingfootballnow.(child)
8.Pleasetaketwo__________forme.(photo)
9.Doyouwantsome_________?
(milk)
10.Thereareten___________________inourschool.(womanteacher)
四、单项选择(1.5分×20=30分)
()1.The__inouryardareverybeautiful.
A.cloth B.water C.flowers
()2.TomisoneoftheChinese_____inourschool.
A.boy B.boys C.boies
()3.Acathasfour____,doesn'tit?
A.foots B.feet C.feets
()4.Therearethree____andfive_____intheroom.
A.American,JapaneseBAmericans,JapaneseC.American,Japanese
()5.Canyouseenine____inthepicture?
A.fish B.book C.horse
()6.The_____hastwo______.
A.boy;watch B.boy;watches C.boys;watch
()7.The_____areflyingbacktotheircountry.
A.Germany B.Germanys C.Germans
()8.Thegirlbrushesher_____everydaybeforehegoestobed.
A.tooths B.teeth C.teeths
()9.Isawmany_____inthestreet.
A.peoplesB.peopleC.people’s
()10.Thegreensweaterishis_________.
A.brotherB.brothersC.brother’s
()11.Theycomefromdifferent______
A.countryB.countriesC.acountryD.countrys
()12.Howmany______doyouseeinthepicture?
A.tomatosB.tomatoesC.tomatoD.thetomato
()13.Theyare______.
A.womanteachersB.womenteachers
C.womenteacherD.womanteacher
()14.Wouldyoulike_______,please?
A.twoglassofwaterB.twoglassesofwater
C.twoglassofwatersD.twoglassesofwaters
()15.Mostof______livein_______.
A.Germans,GermanB.German,Germen
C.Germen,GermanyD.Germans,Germany
()16.Therearesome______inthese_______.
A.knifespencil-boxesB.knivespencils-box
C.knivespencil-boxD.knivespencils-boxes
()17.______like______byair.
A.Greens,travellingB.TheGreen,traveling
C.TheGreens,travelD.TheGreens,traveling
()18.Iwonderwhy______areinterestedinactionfilms(武打片).
A.thepeopleB.peopleC.peoplesD.thepeoples
()19.Thereisno______intheplate.
A.applesB.orangesC.riceD.eggs
()20.Myunclehasthree_______.
A.childB.childsC.childrenD.childrens
五.用正确的量词翻译下列短语。
(1分×15=15分)
一瓶牛奶_________一杯茶________一片面包_________一盒粉笔_________
一副眼镜__________一袋大米___________一千克黄油___________
一玻璃杯可乐_____________2张纸__________3箱书_______________
5把剪刀_____________4包薯条______________10千克荔枝________________
6双鞋________________2篮子梨_______________
六.有关名词所有格的英汉互译。
(1分×10=10分)
MrJohn’scar____________女孩的连衣裙____________孩子们的书包___________
heraunt’s___________教师节___________TommyandTonny’sbedroom_________
Lucy和Lily各自的自行车______________全家福照片_____________________
中国地图_____________我爸爸的一位朋友__________________________
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