职称英语 综合C字典版.docx
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职称英语 综合C字典版.docx
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职称英语综合C字典版
2015年职称英语等级考试综合C小抄版
第二部分阅读判断
+第十一篇StageFright1
+第十二篇StartingaNewTradition
+第十三篇ADog'sDilemma
+第十四篇TheNationalTrust
+第十五篇LowerBodyFatMeansBetterPerformance
第三部分概括大意与完成句子
+第十一篇IsThereaWaytoKeeptheBritain'sEconomyGrowing
+第十二篇Intelligence:
aChangedView
+第十三篇Wardoff1TravelBugs
+第十四篇HearbeatofAmerica
+第十五篇SmokeGetsinYourMind
第四部分阅读理解
第六篇NativeAmericanPottery(2015年新增)
+第三十四篇ToHaveandHaveNot逃亡
+第三十五篇GoingHerOwnWay选择自己的路
+第三十六篇LifeasaMovieExtra生活是一个额外的电影
+第三十七篇PopMusicinAfrica非州的流行音乐
+第三十八篇WhySoManyChildren为什么有这么多的孩子
+第三十九篇EattoLive为了活着吃饭
+第四十篇NewUSPlanforDiseaseprevention美国疾病防治新政策
+第四十一篇TheOperationofInternationalAirlines国际航空公司的经营
+第四十二篇Sauna桑拿浴
+第四十三篇CanBuildingsBeDesignedtoResistTerroristAttack?
建筑设计能使建筑抵御恐怖袭击吗?
+第四十四篇AmericansGetTouchy越来越爱肢体接触的美国人
+第四十五篇WomenStayinginMini-SkirtsforLonger女性在迷你裙上逗留的时间更长
+第四十六篇DefendingtheTheoryofEvolutionStillSeemsNeeded捍卫进化论仍必要
+第四十七篇NarrowEscape九死一生
+第四十八篇FindingEnlightenmentinScotland苏格兰启蒙运动
+第四十九篇TheBeginningofAmericanLiterature美洲文学的开端
+第五十篇OlderVolcanicEruptions远古火山喷发
第五部分补全短文
*第九篇Style,NotFashion(2015年新增)
+第十一篇VirtualDriver
+第十二篇:
AMemoryDrug?
(2015年新增)
+第十三篇ThevaluofMotherhood
+第十四篇PrimeronSmell(2016年新增)
+第十五篇EinsteinNamed“PersonoftheCentury”
第六部分完形填空
+11.+第十一篇:
SchoolLunch
+12.+第十二篇:
APowerfulInfluence
+13.+第十三篇:
TheOldGate(2012年4月真题)
+14.+第十四篇:
FamilyHistory
+15.+第十五篇:
HelenandMartin
第二部分阅读判断
第十一篇 StageFright1
Falldownasyoucomeonstage.That‘sanoddtrick.Notrecommended.ButitsavedthepianistVladimirFeltsmanwhenhewasateenagerbackinMoscow.TheveterancellistMstislavRostropovichtrippedhimpurposelytocurehimofpre-performancepanic,2Mr.Feltsmansaid,“Allmyfrightwasgone.Ialreadyfell.Whatelsecouldhappen?
”
Today,musicschoolsareaddressingtheproblemofanxietyinclassesthatdealwithperformancetechniquesandcareerpreparation.Thereareavarietyofstrategiesthatmusicianscanlearntofightstagefrightanditssymptoms:
icyfingers,shakylimbs,racingheart,blankmind.3
Teachersandpsychologistsofferwide-rangingadvice,frombasicslikelearningpiecesinsideout,4tomentaldiscipline,suchasvisualizingaperformanceandtakingstepstorelax.Don‘tdenythatyou’rejittery,theyurge;someexcitementisnatural,evennecessaryfordynamicplaying.Andplayinpublicoften,simplyfortheexperience.
PsychotherapistDianeNicholssuggestssomestrategiesforthemomentsbeforeperformance,“Taketwodeepabdominalbreaths,openupyourshoulders,thensmile,‘’shesays.”Andnotoneofthese‘pleasedon’tkillme‘smiles.Thenchoosethreefriendlyfacesintheaudience,peopleyouwouldcommunicatewithandmakemusicto,andmakeeyecontactwiththem.“Shedoesn’twantperformerstothinkoftheaudienceasajudge.
Extremedemandsbymentorsorparentsareoftenattherootofstagefright,saysDorothyDelay,awell-knownviolinteacher.Shetellsotherteacherstodemandonlywhattheirstudentsareabletoachieve.
WhenLynnHarrellwas20,hebecametheprincipalcellistoftheCleverlandOrchestra,andhesufferedextremestagefright.“ThereweretimeswhenIgotsonervousIwassuretheaudiencecouldseemychestrespondingtothethrobbing.Itwasjusttotalpanic.IcametoapointwhereIthought,‘IfIhavetogothroughthistoplaymusic,IthinkI’mgoingtolookforanotherjob.”5Recovery,hesaid,involveddevelopinghumility-recognizingthatwhateverhistalent,hewasfallible,andthatanimperfectconcertwasnotadisaster.6
Itisnotonlyyoungartistswhosuffer,ofcourse.ThelegendarypianistVladimirHorowitz‘snerveswerefamous.ThegreattenorFrancoCorelliisanotherexample.“Theyhadtopushhimonstage,”SopranoRenataScottorecalled.
Actually,successcanmakethingsworse.“Inthebeginningofyourcareer,whenyou‘rescaredtodeath,nobodyknowswhoyouare,andtheydon’thaveanyexpectations,”SopranoJuneAndersonsaid.“There‘slesstolose.Lateron,whenyou’reknown,peoplearecomingtoseeyou,andtheyhavecertainexpectations.Youhavealottolose.”
Andersonadded,“IneverstopbeingnervousuntilI‘vesungmylastnote.”
怯场
跌倒你上台。
这是一个奇怪的把戏。
不推荐。
但它保存了钢琴家弗拉迪米尔费尔兹曼当他回到莫斯科一个十几岁的青少年。
老的大提琴家罗斯特罗波维奇才故意绊倒他治愈了他演出前的恐慌,2费尔兹曼先生说,“我所有的恐惧消失了。
我已经下降。
还有什么会发生?
”
Today,musicschoolsareaddressingtheproblemofanxietyinclassesthatdealwithperformancetechniquesandcareerpreparation.Thereareavarietyofstrategiesthatmusicianscanlearntofightstagefrightanditssymptoms:
icyfingers,shakylimbs,racingheart,blankmind.3
今天,音乐学校是解决焦虑的类中处理性能的技术和职业准备的问题。
有各种各样的,音乐家可以学会斗争怯场的症状的策略:
冰冷的手指,四肢,赛车的心,头脑空白。
3
Teachersandpsychologistsofferwide-rangingadvice,frombasicslikelearningpiecesinsideout,4tomentaldiscipline,suchasvisualizingaperformanceandtakingstepstorelax.Don‘tdenythatyou’rejittery,theyurge;someexcitementisnatural,evennecessaryfordynamicplaying.Andplayinpublicoften,simplyfortheexperience.
教师和心理学家提供了广泛的意见,从学习片内的基础知识,4的心理学科,如可视化性能和采取措施放松。
不要否认你紧张不安,他们敦促;有些兴奋的是自然的,甚至是必要的动态播放。
和公众经常玩的,仅仅是为了体验。
PsychotherapistDianeNicholssuggestssomestrategiesforthemomentsbeforeperformance,“Taketwodeepabdominalbreaths,openupyourshoulders,thensmile,‘’shesays.”Andnotoneofthese‘pleasedon’tkillme‘smiles.Thenchoosethreefriendlyfacesintheaudience,peopleyouwouldcommunicatewithandmakemusicto,andmakeeyecontactwiththem.“Shedoesn’twantperformerstothinkoftheaudienceasajudge.
心理学家戴安娜尼克尔斯提出的一些策略,演出前的时刻,“把两个腹部深呼吸,打开你的肩膀,然后微笑着,”她说。
“没有一个这些“请不要杀我的微笑。
然后选择在观众三友好的面孔,人们会沟通,使音乐,和他们进行眼神接触。
”她不想表演把观众当成一个法官。
Extremedemandsbymentorsorparentsareoftenattherootofstagefright,saysDorothyDelay,awell-knownviolinteacher.Shetellsotherteacherstodemandonlywhattheirstudentsareabletoachieve.
由导师或家长极端的要求经常怯场的根,说多萝西延迟,一个著名的小提琴老师。
她告诉其他教师只要求他们的学生能够达到。
WhenLynnHarrellwas20,hebecametheprincipalcellistoftheCleverlandOrchestra,andhesufferedextremestagefright.“ThereweretimeswhenIgotsonervousIwassuretheaudiencecouldseemychestrespondingtothethrobbing.Itwasjusttotalpanic.IcametoapointwhereIthought,‘IfIhavetogothroughthistoplaymusic,IthinkI’mgoingtolookforanotherjob.”5Recovery,hesaid,involveddevelopinghumility-recognizingthatwhateverhistalent,hewasfallible,andthatanimperfectconcertwasnotadisaster.6
当琳恩Harrell20,他成了克里夫兰管弦乐团的首席大提琴手,他遭受了极端的怯场。
“很多时候,我紧张得确信观众可以看到我的胸部响应的悸动。
它只是恐慌。
我来到一个地步,我想,如果我要通过这玩音乐,我想我要另找一份工作。
”5的回收,他说,参与开发了谦卑承认无论他的天赋,他是错误的,而一个不完美的演唱会是不是一场灾难。
6
Itisnotonlyyoungartistswhosuffer,ofcourse.ThelegendarypianistVladimirHorowitz‘snerveswerefamous.ThegreattenorFrancoCorelliisanotherexample.“Theyhadtopushhimonstage,”SopranoRenataScottorecalled.
它不仅是年轻的艺术家谁受苦,当然。
传奇钢琴家弗拉迪米尔霍洛维茨的神经都是著名的。
伟大的男高音歌唱家科雷利是另一个例子。
“他们不得不把他推上舞台,“女高音雷娜塔史考特回忆。
Actually,successcanmakethingsworse.“Inthebeginningofyourcareer,whenyou‘rescaredtodeath,nobodyknowswhoyouare,andtheydon’thaveanyexpectations,”SopranoJuneAndersonsaid.“There‘slesstolose.Lateron,whenyou’reknown,peoplearecomingtoseeyou,andtheyhavecertainexpectations.Youhavealottolose.”
事实上,成功可以使事情变得更糟。
“在你的职业生涯的开始,当你对死亡的恐惧,没人知道你是谁,他们不要有任何期待,”六月,安德森说,女高音。
“没有什么可以失去。
后来,当你知道,人来见你,他们有一定的期望。
你会失去很多东西。
”
Andersonadded,“IneverstopbeingnervousuntilI‘vesungmylastnote.”
安德森说,“我从来没有停止紧张直到我唱我的最后一个音符。
”
第十二篇StartingaNewTradition
ShantelleDavisisanine-year-oldgirlinNewYork.OnacoldnightinDecember,herfamilyisstandingaroundthekitchentablewhileshelightsacandle.ThetableisdecoratedwithbasketsoffruitsandvegetablesandearsofcomforShantelleandhertwobrothers.
“Thiscandlerepresentsumoja,anAfricanwordthatmeansbeingtogether,”Shantellesays.“That'sthemostimportantthingforafamily.”
TonightisthefirstnightofKwanzaa,andShantelleisspendingtheholidaywithherfamily.Morethan5millionAfricanAmericanscelebrateKwanzaaeveryyearfromDecember26untilJanuaryI.It'satimewhentheygettogetherwiththeirfamiliestothinkabouttheirhistoryandtheirancestorsinAfrica.
Kwanzaaisveryunusualbecauseitwasstartedbyoneman.In1966,anAmericannamedMaulanaKarengawantedaholidayforAfrican-Americanstohonortheircultureandtraditions.SoheusedwordsandcustomsfromAfricatocreateanewcelebration.HetookthenameKwanzaafromthewordsfor“firstfruits”inSwahili,anAfricanlanguage.Atfirst,afewAmericanfamilieshadsmallcelebrationsathome.NowtherearealsoKwanzaaeventsinschoolsandpublicplaces,andKwanzaahasspreadtoothercountrieslikeCanadaandJamaica.
ThemainsymbolofKwanzaaisacandleholderwithsevencandles,oneforeachoftheprinciplesofKwanzaa.Eachnight,afamilymemberlightsoneofthecandlesandtalksabouttheideaitrepresents:
beingtogether,beingyourself,helpingeachother,sharing,havingagoal,creating,andbelieving.Thecandlesarered,black,andgreen,thecolorsofKwanzaa.Theparentsalsopourdrinkstohonorfamilymemberswhohavedied.OnthelastnightofKwanzaa,thereisabigdinnerwithAfricanfood,andchildrenreceivesmallpresents.
TodaypeoplecanbuyKwanzaagreetingcardsandspecialKwanzaaclothes.StoressellKwanzaacandlesandcandleholders.Somepeopledon'tbelievethatKwanzaaisarealholiday,becauseit'ssonew.ButotherpeoplesaythatcustomsandcelebrationsarealwayschangingandthatKwanzaashowswhatisimportantinpeople'slives.
ShantelleDavissaysshelikesKwanzaabecauseit'sfun.“ButIalsolearnnewthingseveryyear,"shesays.
参考译文
第十二篇开始新的
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