高考英语语法专题复习Word文档下载推荐.docx
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高考英语语法专题复习Word文档下载推荐.docx
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payavisittosb.asarule;
asaresult;
asawhole;
inadayortwo;
inaway;
ofasize;
goonadiet;
haveawordwithsb.;
haveahappylife;
haveagiftforsth.;
makealiving;
take(a)pridein;
takeagreatinterestin;
takeawalk/break/bath/seat;
agreatdealof;
beapity;
haveacold/headache/fever/rest;
manya;
catchacold;
withasmile;
withapopulationof;
onceinawhile;
onceuponatime;
atadistance;
ataloss;
atamouthful;
keepadiary;
tellalie;
getaneducation;
so/as/too/how/howevercleveraboy;
what/suchacleverboy;
apeacefulworld
2.定冠词the的几种基本用法:
(1)Whoisthewriterofthebookonthedesk?
(2)Ihavehiredthecarbythehour.
(3)thesun;
themoon;
theearth;
theuniverse;
thePeople’sRepublicofChina;
theUnitedNations;
theGreatWall;
theSuezCanal;
thePacificOcean;
totheright;
intheeast;
thepoor;
thewounded;
theGreens;
theChinese;
thefirst;
thebest;
theyoungerofthetwobrothers;
themorethebetter;
themore…,thebetter;
intheforties;
playthepiano;
gotothetheater;
gototheconcert;
bytheway;
forthetimebeing;
intheend;
onthephone;
atthemomentof;
onthespot;
tothepoint;
thewholeday;
theotherday;
takesb.bythearm;
hitsb.intheface
3.不用冠词的场合:
(1)Horsesareusefulanimals.
(2)Airiseverywherearoundus.
(3)ChristmascomesonThursdaythisyear.
(4)Heplaysbasketballeverydayafterschool.
(5)ThefamilywerehavingsupperwhenIcame.
(6)HewaselectedPresidentasecondtime.
(7)Heactedaschairmanatthemeeting.
(8)Tomturneddoctorwhenhegrewup.=Tombecameadoctorwhenhegrewup.
(9)Youngmanas/thoughheis,hehasseenmuchoftheworld.
(10)bybike/car;
onfoot/horseback;
gototown/work/school/university/church/hospital;
atnoon/dawn/daybreak;
dayandnight;
fromdaytoday;
dayafterday;
daybyday;
indebtto;
indanger;
introuble/difficulty;
atease;
inclass;
incourt;
ingoodcondition;
ingreatdemand/need;
intimeofdanger;
inoffice;
insurprise/silence/pride;
inhonourof;
infavourof;
ingeneral;
insight;
inuse;
catchsightof;
in/outoforder;
infact;
onbusiness/holiday/leave/strike/watch/fire;
aheadoftime;
thiskindofbooks=booksofthiskind
4.有无定冠词的区别:
attable→atthetable;
inprison→intheprison,bysea→bythesea,beinchargeof→beinthechargeof;
byday→bytheday;
takeplace→taketheplaceof;
inpossessionof→inthepossessionof;
insightof→inthesightof;
inhospital→inthehospital;
inbed→inthebed;
infrontof→inthefrontof;
threeofus→thethreeofus;
onearth→ontheearth;
outofquestion→outofthequestion;
gotosea→gotothesea;
beofage→beofanage;
Heisstillinoffice→Heisstillintheoffice
5.用不定冠词和定冠词的区别:
asawhole→onthewhole;
atadistance→inthedistance;
inaway→intheway;
anumberof→thenumberof;
takeachair→takethechair;
foramoment→forthemoment
第二章名词和主谓一致
一.基础知识梳理。
1.常见的不可数名词:
advice,baggage,bread,cloth,clothing,electricity,equipment,fortune,fun,furniture,health,income,information,knowledge,luck,luggage,meat,medicine,metal,money,music,news,paper,practice,production,progress,room(空间),rubbish,traffic,treasure,waste,wealth,homework,word(),man(),
2.复数形式特殊的名词:
(1)单复数同形的名词:
Chinese;
Japanese;
sheep;
deer鹿;
series系列;
means方式;
works工厂;
crossroads十字路口;
jin斤;
species物种;
aircraft
(2)以-oes结尾的复数名词:
tomatoes;
potatoes;
heroes;
Negroes
(3)以-fs结尾的复数名词:
beliefs信念;
gulfs海湾;
chiefs首领;
roofs屋檐;
proofs证据
(4)不规则复数形式名词:
foot-feet;
tooth-teeth;
goose-geese;
man-men;
woman-women;
mouse-mice;
child-children;
ox-oxen;
phenomenon-phenomena现象;
bacterium-bacteria细菌;
crisis-crises危机;
analysis-analyses分析
3.常用复数形式的名词:
congratulations,parents,shoes,stairs,tears,things(形势),thanks,trousers,twins,vegetables,asfollows,domorningexercises,exchangegreetings,hurtone’sfeelings,good/badmanners;
indozens,inhigh/lowspirits,Goodheavens!
bythismeans,changeseatswithsb,makeannouncements,makerepairs,makepreparationsforsth.,giveregards/bestwishestosb,makefriends/enemieswithsb,shakehandswithsb,taketurns,take/makenotes,theOlympicGames,theUnitedStates,hundredsof
4.复数形式意义特别的名词:
airs傲气;
arms武器;
ashes骨灰;
clothes衣服;
conditions环境;
contents目录;
customs海关;
damages赔偿金;
drinks饮料;
expectations前程;
games比赛;
glasses眼镜;
goods货物;
greens青菜;
irons镣铐;
lines台词;
looks外表;
manners礼貌;
pains努力;
papers文件,试卷,报纸,论文;
regards问候;
sands沙漠;
spirits酒精;
times时代;
waters水域;
woods树林;
works工厂,著作;
5.常用复数形式做定语的名词:
armsproduction,clothesshop,communicationssatellite,salespolicy,foreignlanguagesdepartment,sportsmeet,agoodstrain,plasticsindustry,womendoctors
6.名词词形的变化:
常见后缀有
-age
-ance/-ence
-ancy/-ency
-dom
-er/-or
-ian
7.-ication
8.-ics
9.-ion/-ation/-ition
10.-ist/-ism
11.-ity-ty
12.-ment
13.-ness
14.--ship
15.-th
7.主谓一致
语法一致原则
1.
(1)TomandJackwereclosefriends.
(2)Trialanderroristhesourceofourknowledge.
(3)Thesingeranddanceristoattendoureveningparty.
(4)Eachboyand(each)girlhasanapple.
(5)Manyateacherand(manya)studenthasseenthefilm.
(6)Whathesaysanddoesdonotagree/doesnoconcernme.
(7)Whathesaidisfarfromthetruth.Whattheschoolneedsarequalifiedteachers.
(8)Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxedafterabusyday.
(9)Toloveandtobelovedisthegreatesthappinessintheworld.
Lovingandbeinglovedareequallyimportant.
2.
(1)Tomaswellastwoofthefriendswasinvitedtotheparty.
(2)Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,istoarriveontheeveningflight.
(3)Nobodybutoneteacherandthreestudentswasinthelaboratory.→NotIbutTomistoblame.
(4)Manyapageinthisbookismissing.
(5)Morethanonestudenthasfailedtheexam.
(6)Aseriesofdebatesbetweenthelectureswasscheduledforthenextweekend.
(7)Hewasoneoftheboyswhowerepraised.→Hewastheonlyoneoftheboyswhowaspraised.
(8)It’sIwhoam/youwhoare/hewhoistoblame.
就近一致原则
3.
(1)Oneortwofriendsarecomingthisevening.
(2)NeitherInorheisinfavourofhermarriage.
(3)EitheryouorIamgoingtobeinchargeofthismatter.
(4)Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisrequiredtoattendthemeeting.
(5)Thereisadeskandthreechairsintheroom.→Therearethreechairsandadeskintheroom.
(6)Herearesomenewpairsofshoes.
意义一致原则
4.
(1)Twentyyearsisalongtimeinone’slife.
(2)Fortymileswascoveredinasinglenight.
(3)20,000dollarsisnotasmallsumofmoney.
5.
(1)Aboutonethirdofthebooksareworthreading.→Only60%oftheworkwasdoneyesterday.
(2)Thepopulationofthecityis6.8million.→About70%ofthepopulationofthecityareworkers.
6.
(1)Theclassconsistsoftwenty-fiveboysandtwentygirls.→Theclassaredoingcleaning.
(2)Thesetrousersneedcleaning.→Thispairoftrousersismine.
(3)Anewkindofcarsisnowonshow.→Allkindsofdifficultieshavetobeovercome.
(4)Thereisonlyasmallquantityofpaper/booksleft.→
Largequantitiesofwaterareneededforcoolingpurposes.
7.
(1)ThatIshallworkwithyouisagreatpleasure.
(2)Improvingtheproductionprocessisnecessary.
(3)Whathehassaidleavesmuchforustothinkabout.→Whatheleftmearesomeoldbooks.
第三章代词
1.人称代词的用法:
(1)—DoesanyofyouknowwhereTomlives?
—Me.
(2)What!
Me(to)playhimatchess?
No!
(3)Heistallerthanme/I.
(4)You,sheandIwillbeinchargeofthecase.
(5)Heandshestilldon’tagreetotheplan.
(6)Ifanyonearriveslate,they’llhavetowaitoutside.
2.物主代词的用法:
(1)Jacktookoffhiscoatandwenttobed.
(2)Somefriendsofminewillattendmybirthdayparty.
(3)Thatcarofhersisalwaysbreakingdown.
3.反身代词的用法:
(1)TomtaughthimselfEnglish.
(2)Theboyisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself.
(3)Sheisnotquiteherselftoday.
(4)Thetableitselfhasonlythreelegs.
(5)byoneself=alone;
foroneself:
为自己,亲自;
thinkforoneself独立思考;
inoneself:
本质上;
ofoneself自动地,自发地;
behaveoneself注意行为举止;
applyoneselftosth.专心致志于;
besideoneself疯狂,忘形;
seatoneself=beseated=sitdown;
dressoneselfin;
helponeselftosth.;
cometooneself;
makeoneselfathome;
devoteoneselftosth.;
findoneselfin/at…
4.替代词的用法:
(1)Thereisonlyonewatchofthistypeintheshop,soIwanttobuyitforher.
(2)Thisstoryisaninterestingone.
(3)Ihaven’tacomputer.Iwanttobuyonenextday.
(4)Thedictionaryonthedeskismuchbetterthanthat/theoneontheshelf.
(5)TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthanthatinNanjinginwinter.
(6)StudentsinClassOnearemorehard-workingthanthose/theonesinClassTwo.
(7)putit/seetoit/dependonit/countonitthat…;
likeit/dislikeit/hateit/appreciateitif/when…
5.指示代词:
(1)Thisisapenandthatisapencil.
(2)Hedidn’t
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