Unit5Book4概要Word文档格式.docx
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Unit5Book4概要Word文档格式.docx
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系
部
院(系、部)签字:
务
处
教务处签字:
Unit4
本章主要内容(Teachingcontent):
1)TextIAntarcticaandTextIITheshapeofAfrica
2)Discourseanalysis:
Structureandfeatureofanexposition.
3)Writingtechniques:
expansionofnouns
教学目的及要求(Teachingaims):
1)Thestudentscanhaveagoodcommandofthewordsandusefulexpressionsintroducedinthisunit;
2)Writingabilityofthestudentscanbeimprovedbyanalyzingthestructureandorganizationofanexpositionandthestudentsareabletoexpandthenounstoimprovetheabilityofdescriptioninordertowritemoreeffectively;
Theotherthreeskills(reading,listeningandspeaking)canalsobedeveloped;
3)Tohaveabetterunderstandingofhowtoreadeffectivelyandwriteefficiently;
4)Tocultivatestudents’creativityandabilityoflogicalthinkingfurther.
5)Toimprovestudents’skillofreadingbyintroducingsomeeffectivewaysofreading.
教学重点(Teachingmainpoints):
1)ReadingcomprehensionofTextIandII;
2)LanguagepointspresentedinTextIandII;
3)TypicalorganizationofanexpositionandsomerhetoricaldevicesemployedinTextI;
4)HaveadeeperdiscussiononAfrica/Asia/Europe/America.
教学难点(Teachingdifficulties):
Thestructureofsomelongandcomplexsentences.
教学方法及手段(Teachingmethods):
Variousteachingmethodsareemployed,mainlyincludingthecommunicativeapproach,task-basedteachingmethodandgrammar-translationmethod.
Mediatechnologicaldevicesareusedasanimportantaid.
教学时间(Teachingtime):
8hours
时间分配(Allotmentofteachingtime):
1.1hoursforLead-inandreadingcomprehensionofTextI;
2.2hoursfordetailedstudyofTextI;
3.2hoursforroughunderstandingofTextIIandworkbook;
4.2hoursfortheme-relateddiscussionandguidedwriting.
教学过程(Teachingprocedures):
I.Lead-in(20’)
4oceans:
PacificIndianAtlanticArctic
7continents:
AsiaEuropeAfricaOceaniaNorthAmericaSouthAmericaAntarctica
ArcticandAntarcticalieonthepoleoftheearthrespectively.
Similarities:
differences:
Question:
WhatdoyouthinktheAntarcticamightbeinyourmind?
Skimming:
WhyhastheAntarcticanotbeenconqueredbymansofar?
L1.
Seenfromthespace….
=Whenourplanetisseenfromspace…
L4.
average
n.平均数;
平均标准Tom’sworkisabove/below/aboutuptotheaverage.
adj.平均的;
普通的
theaverageage/temperaturetheboysofaverageintelligence
menofaverageability
v.平均达到;
平均分配
Therainfallaverages36inchesperyear.
thicknesslengthweightheightsurfacecapacity
L6.
everyotherperson…
每两个人中就有一个;
每隔
every+基数词+复数;
every+序数词+单数
e.g.Everytenminutes=everytenthminute每十分钟;
每隔九分钟
everyotherday=everytwodays=everysecondday
L7Spectacular:
striking,outoftheordinary,amazingtosee
makingaveryfinddisplayorshow壮观的,精彩的
phenomenonphenomena(pl.)(seeP134)
L8.seteyeson:
see
e.g.IhopeIshallneverseteyesonheragain.
setdown放下,着陆,写下,把…看作;
setin开始
setoff出发,开动seton攻击,教唆
setout出发,着手setup建立
letalone:
withoutreferringtoorconsidering更不用说
e.g.Ican’tdriveacar,letaloneflyanairplane.
我连汽车都不会开,更不用说开飞机了.
L10.
appreciate:
enjoy;
thank;
understandfully
L12.
outweigh:
bemoresignificantthan,exceedinvalueorimportance超过,胜过
e.g.Thebenefitsoutweightherisks.
hemin/about/around:
surround,confine,enclose
L13.
incontrast
e.g.TheArcticispopulatedwithpeopleofdifferentnationalities.TheAntarctic,incontrast,hasnopermanentresidentsbecausetheclimatethereisunfavourabletohumansurvival.
北极居住着各族人民.与北极显然不同的是,南极却没有永久性的居民,因为那里的气候不利于人类生存.
L15.
beinclinedtodosth.:
tendto;
belikelyto
e.g.Withapoorconstitution,heisinclinedtogettiredeasily.
Iaminclinedtothinkthattherewillbestrongoppositiontoourreformplanamongquiteafewboardmembers.
我总觉得相当数量的董事会成员会强烈反对我们的改革计划.
L20.
ahandfulof:
anamountwhichisasmuchascanbeheldinthehand,asmallnumber/
amountof
e.g.Amouthfuloffoodaroomfulofpeople
aspoonfulofsoupacupfulofwater
abucketfulofmudapocketfulofsweets
L25.
asregards:
关于
e.g.Asregardshisability,weallfeelhehasgreatpotential.
Asregardsthequalityofthedrinkingwaterinthatsmallisland,theexplorerswhosetfootontheislandreportedthatiswassweet,pleasantandrefreshing.
关于小岛上的饮用水质量问题,据登岛探险家的报道,岛上的水有一种甘甜清新的味道.
regarding;
concerning;
about;
asfaras…concerned
L30.
byfar:
alargeamountordegree.Itisgenerallyusedwithacomparativeorsuperlativeadjective.
e.g.Thenewbrandofchocolateisbyfarthebestofitskind.
L43.
beinjurioustosth.
e.g.Nomatterwhoheisorwhereheisfrom,wecannottolerateanyone’sbehaviourthatisinjurioustosocialorder.
我们不能姑息任何人的有害社会秩序的行为,不管他是谁,不管他来自何处.
L44.
betrappedby:
beheldbacksoasnottoescape
e.g.Treesandgrasscantrapthesoilinthemountain.
L45.
hasaneffecton:
affect;
influence
e.g.Pollutionwillhaveadirecteffectontheriseanddropintemperatureallovertheworld.
L47.
smallwonderthat…:
nowonder,notsurprisingly.不足为怪
e.g.Smallwonderthelostthegamestimeandagain;
theyhadbeenoutoftrainingforquitesometime.
怪不得他们一场一场地输球,他们已好久没有训练了.
IVStudiesofTextII—ShapeofAfrica(3hours)
StudentsarerequiredtoreadTextIIquicklyandanswerthecorrespondingquestionsinWorkbookandlatertrytoretellthestory.
Questions.
1.WhydidAfricansenjoynotjustonebutthreehugeheadstartsoverhumansonothercontinents?
Illustrateyourreasons.
2.WhydoestheauthorfirstattributeAfrica’seconomicstruggletoitsagriculture?
3.UnlikethebiganimalsinNorthandSouthAmericaandAustraliathatdisappearedsoonafterhumansarrived.Africa’sspeciesofbiganimalssurvivetoday.Howdoestheauthoraccountforthisfact?
4.WhydodiseasesthriveinAfrica?
5.Whatistheauthor’ssolutiontotheproblemsinAfrica?
Reference
OurhumanbeingsoriginatedfromAfricasomesevenmillionyearsago.WiththeevolvementandexpansionoutofAfricaintoEuropeandAsia,ourancestorsfromAfricabecamethedominanthumanspeciesthroughouttheworld.
AlthoughAfricawasthefirstrunnerintheaspectoforigination,itlaggedbehindtheothercontinentineconomyduetofailureofdomesticationofwildplantsandanimalsatthefirstplace.Thatmainlyresultedfromitsnorth-southorientationwithdifferentlatitudeswhichrequiresadaptiontodifferentclimates,seasonalities,daylengths,anddiseasesandresultedfromthewildanimalsavailabletoAfricanswhicharemostlyhuge-sizedones.hardtotame.
Africananimalsco-evolvedwithhumansformillionsofyears.Thatgavetheanimalstimetolearnahealthyfearofman,andwithitahealthyavoidanceofhumanhunters.Incontrast,tothemisfortuneofthebiganimalsintheothercontinents,thefirsthumanstheyencounteredwerereadilyfullymodernpeople,withmodernbrainandhuntingskills.
4WhydodiseasesthriveinAfrica?
Foramicrobealreadyadaptedtoonespeciestoadapttoanothercanbedifficultandrequirealotofevolutionarytime.Ontheonehand,muchtimeisavailableinAfrica,cradleofhumankind.Ontheotherhand,thereexisttheanimalspeciesmostcloselyrelatedtohumans--theAfricangreatapesandmonkeys,inwhichthemicrobesrequiredtheleastadaptationtojumpspecies.
Tosolvethehealthproblemsandthecorruptionthatplaguesmanyofitsgovernmentsandinstitutions.Tosupportthelocalgovernmenttoheadoffconflicts.
V.Theme-relateddiscussionandguidedwriting(2hours)
Discussiontopic:
MoreaboutAfricasuchtourism
Workbook
TextI
Comprehension
B.Referenceversion
1.Welearnfromtheastronautsthatifwelook“down”fromspace,wewillfindthemostconspicuous/outstandingcharacteristicofEarthtobethethicklayeroficewhichisAntarctica,whichseemstosendlightoverthesouthernmostpartofthesouthernhemispherelikealantern.
2.Onehundredandsixtyyearsago,however,nobodyhadeverseenthisenormouscontinent,andhadcertainlynotwalkedonit.Eventodaywhetherwecanoccupyitornotisstilluncertain.Further,weknowrelativelylittleaboutit.
3.ThedifferencesbetweentheArcticandtheAntarcticaregreaterthanthesimilarities.(or,therearemoredifferencesthansimilaritiesbetweentheArcticandAntarctic.)TheArcticistightlysurroundedbythecontinentsofEurope,AmericaandAsiawheretherearepermanentpopulations;
whereastheAntarcticisunconnectedtoanywhereelse,separatedfromthenearestlandbyvastareasoftheworld’sroughestseas.
4.Undersuchconditions,apersoncouldonlystandforafewseconds,andthatwasbyleaningforwardtoformanangleof45withtheground.
5.Itisnotsurprisingthatalthoughmandidnothesitatetoexploreandtakepossessionofmostoftheearthintheeighteenthandearlynineteenthcenturies,thecontinentinthefarsouthwasleftuntouched.
TextIII
FTFTF
1.Guidedwriting
Atthebottomofthe
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