学年高中英语专题05Firstaid试题新人教版必修5.docx
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学年高中英语专题05Firstaid试题新人教版必修5.docx
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学年高中英语专题05Firstaid试题新人教版必修5
专题05Firstaid
Knowingalittlefirstaidcouldbelife-savingifyouseesomeonelyingunconscious.
如果你看见有人晕倒,而你又了解一些急救措施,那很可能会挽救一条生命。
Toooftenpeopledon’tdoanythingbecausetheythinktheywillkillthepatient,butbylearningsimplerulesyoucouldmakethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.
通常人们都是什么都不做,因为他们认为自己的做法可能会害死病人。
但是学习些简单的措施,你就可能救人于生死之间了。
First,youneedtofindoutifthey’reunconscious,asleepordrunk,bysqueezingtheskinbetweentheirneckandshoulderandshouting.
首先,你需要通过测他们的颈动脉,并大声呼喊来确定他们是无意识了,还是睡着了或者喝醉了。
Ifthereisnoresponseatall,youneedtoestablishiftheyaredeadorjustunconscious—sometimesit’sverydifficulttotellthedifference.
如果没有反应的话,你需要确定他们是死了,还是仅仅是晕过去了——有时候很难分辨清楚它们。
Opentheairwaybyplacingonehandontheirforeheadandgentlytiltingtheheadbackwhileliftingthechin.
把一只手放在他们的前额慢慢地把头向后倾,同时抬高下颚,以确保呼吸顺畅。
Iftherearenosignsoflife—noobviouspulseandtheirchestisnotgoingupanddown—callanambulanceandthenstartcardiopulmonaryresuscitation(CPR)tomaintainaflowofoxygenatedbloodtothebrainandheart.
如果没有明显的脉搏和心跳,那就是没有生命迹象了。
此时要立刻叫救护车,并开始心肺复苏以保持带有氧气的血液在大脑和心脏之间流通。
Dothisbypushingupanddownonthecentreofthechest,withyourhandsinterlockedtogether,constantlyuntilanambulancearrives.
把你的手交叠相扣,按住胸腔中心部分上上下下地不停按压,直到救护车到达。
Pushatarateof100beatsaminute。
Youcan’tharmthemdoingthisandmightjustsavealife.
保持一分钟按压100次的频率。
你这样做不会伤害到他们,但却可能挽救一条生命。
高考试题一
体裁
题材
词数
难度
建议时间
记叙文
TaylorBisbee通过及时的CPR挽救了一位学生的生命
344
★★★☆☆
6'
(2017·北京)ItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftballwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm,Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered(发抖)alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.Thetwodidn’tknoweachotherwell—Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.
Suddenly,Parisfelltotheground,“Paris’seyerolledback,”Taylorsays.“Shestartedshaking.Iknewitwasanemergency.”
Itcertainlywas,Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Pariswoulddie.Atfirstnoonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshoutedout,“DoesanyoneknowCPR?
”
CPRisalife-savingtechnique.TodoCPR,youpressonthesickperson’schestsothatbloodmovesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygenthebrainisdamagingquickly.
Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn’tthinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegandoingCPR,“Itwasscary.Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath,”saysTaylor.
Taylor’sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevices(器械)thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:
Paris’heartbeatreturned.
“IknowIwasreallylucky,”Parissaysnow.“Mostpeopledon’tsurvivethis.Myteamsavedmylife.”
ExpertssayParisisright:
Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.
Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantstobeanurse.“Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,”Taylorsays.“IknowIcanactunderpressureinascarysituation.”
1.WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?
A.Shecaughtabadcold.
B.Shehadasuddenheartproblem.
C.Shewasknockeddownbyaball.
D.Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice
2.WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?
A.Shemadeaworthyfriend.
B.Sherecoveredfromshock.
C.ShereceivedimmediateCPR.
D.Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.
3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?
A.Enthusiasticandkind.
B.Courageousandcalm.
C.Cooperativeandgenerous.
D.Ambitiousandprofessional.
【语篇解读】讲述TaylorBisbee通过及时的CPR挽救了一位学生的生命。
高考试题二
体裁
题材
词数
难度
建议时间
新闻报道
9岁女童用急救方法救父亲
300
★★★☆☆
6'
(2014·四川卷阅读理解C篇)Aschoolgirlsavedherfather’slifebykickinghiminthechestafterhesufferedaseriousallergic(过敏的)reactionwhichstoppedhisheart.
Izzy,nine,restartedfatherColm’sheartbystamping(踩)onhischestafterhefelldownathomeandstoppedbreathing.
Izzy’smother,Debbie,immediatelycalled999butIzzyknewdoctorswouldneverarriveintimetosaveherfather,sodecidedtouseCPR.
However,shequicklydiscoveredherarmsweren’tstrongenough,soshestampedonherfather’schestinstead.
Debbiethentookoverwithsomemoreconventionalchestcompressions(按压)untiltheambulancearrived.
Izzy,whohasbeengivenabraveryawardbyherschool,said:
"Ijustkickedhimreallyhard.MymumtaughtmeCPRbutIknewIwasn’tstrongenoughtousehands.Iwasquitescared.ThedoctorsaidImightaswellbeadoctororanurse.MymumsaidthatDadwasgoingtohospitalwithabigfootprintonhischest."
"She’salittlestar,"saidDebbie."IwasreallyupsetbutIzzyjusttookover.Ijustcan’tbelievewhatshedid.Ireallythinkallchildrenshouldbetaughtfirstaid.IzzydidCPRthenthedoctorturnedup.Colmhadtohavemoretreatmentonthewaytothehospitalandwe’vegottoseeanexpert."
TruckdriverColm,35,sufferedamysteryallergicreactiononSaturdayandwastakentohospital,butwassenthomeonlyforittohappenagainthenextday.Thesecondattackwassoseriousthathisairwayswelled,preventinghimfrombreathing,hisbloodpressuredroppedsuddenly,andhisheartstoppedforamoment.
Hehasnowmadeafullrecoveryfromhissuffering.
39.Izzykickedherfatherinthechest .
A.toexpressherhelplessnessB.topractiseCPRonhim
C.tokeephimawakeD.torestarthisheart
40.What’stherightorderoftheevents?
①IzzykickedColm.
②Debbiecalled999.
③IzzylearnedCPR.
④Colm’sheartstopped.
A.③①②④B.④②③①C.③④②①D.④③①②
41.WhatdoesParagraph8mainlytalkabout?
A.WhatColmsuffered.B.Colm’spresentcondition.
C.WhatcausedColm’sallergy.D.SymptomsofColm’sallergicreaction.
42.Whydoestheauthorwritethenews?
A.Todescribeaseriousaccident.
B.ToprovetheimportanceofCPR.
C.Toreporta9-year-oldgirl’sbraveact.
D.Tocallpeople’sattentiontoallergicreaction.
【文章大意】本文为新闻报道。
文中报道了9岁女童勇敢救父的故事。
Izzy的父亲因过敏反应心脏停止工作,Izzy采取急救措施挽救了父亲的生命。
39.D细节理解题。
由第一段中的"Aschoolgirlsavedherfather’slifebykickinghiminthechest"以及第二段中的"Izzy,nine,restartedfatherColm’sheartbystamping(踩)onhischest"可知,Izzy踩她父亲的胸的目的是使父亲的心脏回复跳动。
【试题分析】
现代社会,生活、工作等中存在的危险因素和发生的意外并不少见,而掌握一定的急救知识,在关键时刻会起很大作用。
本试题的主题是9岁女童用所学的急救知识救父亲,在不影响关键信息的前提下,材料中出现个别考纲上没有的词汇,这实际上是对学生模糊容忍度的考查。
在阅读过程中,适当的模糊容忍度是学生做阅读理解试题所必须的一种能力,这要求在高中英语阅读教学中适当培养学生此方面的能力。
高考试题三
体裁
题材
词数
难度
建议时间
记叙文
接力送药救儿童
449
★★★☆☆
28'
(2016·北京卷完形填空)ARaceAgainstDeath
ItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNome,Alaska.Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.
Onthe20thofthatmonth,Dr.Welch36asickboy,Billy,andknewhehaddiphtheria,adeadlyinfectious(传染的)diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofNomewouldbe37ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.38,theclosestsupplywasover1,000milesaway,inAnchorage.
HowcouldthemedicinegettoNome?
Thetown’s39wasalreadyfullofice,soitcouldn’tcomebyship.Carsandhorsescouldn’ttravelonthe40roads.Jetairplanesandbigtrucksdidn’texistyet.
41January26,Billyandthreeotherchildrenhaddied.Twentymorewere42.Nome’stownofficialscameupwitha(n)43.Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby44fromAnchoragetoNenana.Fromthere,dogsled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—knownas"mushers"—would45ittoNomeinarelay(接力).
TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmusher,Shannon,pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.46hehandedthemedicinetothenextmusher,Shannon’sfacewasblackfromtheextremecold.
OnJanuary31,amushernamedSeppalahadto47afrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSound.Itwasthemost48partofthejourney.NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.Hewould49,andsowouldthesickchildrenofNome.ButSeppalamadeitacross.
AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary1.AmushernamedKaasenhadtobravethisstorm.Atonepoint,hugepilesofsnowblockedhis50.Hehadtoleavethetrail(雪橇痕迹)togetaroundthem.Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto51thetrailagain.TheonlyhopewasBalto,Kaasen’sleaddog.Baltoputhisnosetotheground,52tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrail.IfBaltofailed,itwouldmeandisasterforNome.Theminutespassedby.Suddenly,Baltobeganto53.Hehadfoundthetrail.
At5:
30amonFebruary2,Kaasenandhisdog54inNome.Withinminutes,Dr.Welchhadthemedicine.Hequicklygaveittothesickchildren.Allofthemrecovered.
Nomehadbeen55.
36.A.examinedB.warnedC.interviewedD.cured
37.A.harmlessB.helplessC.fearlessD.careless
38.A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.However
39.A.airportB.stationC.harborD.border
40.A.narrowB.snowyC.busyD.dirty
41.A.FromB.OnC.ByD.After
42.A.tiredB.upsetC.paleD.sick
43.A.planB.excuseC.messageD.topic
44.A.airB.railC.seaD.road
45.A.carryB.returnC.mail
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