中考英语阅读和写作六大重要题型全突破题型一完形填空.docx
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中考英语阅读和写作六大重要题型全突破题型一完形填空.docx
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中考英语阅读和写作六大重要题型全突破题型一完形填空
题型一完形填空
完形填空是对学生综合知识掌握情况的检测,主要考查学生对所学英语的综合运用能力、快速阅读理解能力及逻辑推理判断能力等。
完形填空设空以实词为主、虚词为辅,单词为主、短语为辅。
动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词等实词通常要占全部小题数的80%以上,而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少。
【解题方法】
1.跳读全文,掌握大意,总体把握,结合选项弄清短文究竟想表述什么内容。
例如:
()Hethoughttohimself,“Thisdriverisjustasdangerousasa!
A.smokerB.riderC.speederD.walker
【解析】C。
需要整体把握得出答案。
根据上文可知一名警察在高速公路上抓超速的司机,发现一辆以每小时22英里的速度行驶的汽车。
根据下文低于限速行驶也会对其他驾驶员造成危险,就像超速驾驶者一样。
因此这个司机和超速驾驶者一样危险。
2.瞻前顾后,灵活答题。
对原文先仔细分析,在理解全文意思的基础上,结合文章内容对空缺句子做合乎逻辑的推理。
例如:
()Thesewomenseemtobebadlyandtheyhaven'tmadeasinglesoundthis
wholetime...
A.cryingB.coughingC.sleepingD.shaking
【解析】B。
根据上文中的“眼睛睁得大大的,脸色苍白”和下文的“而且一直没有出声”,再结合最后一段,这几个老妇人刚从119号公路下来,可知当时司机以每小时119英里的速度行驶。
由此推断她们现在还在发抖。
3.复读全文,核实答案。
要判断词汇、语法、惯用法是否合理,句型结构是否完整,有无固定搭配现象,上下行文、前后逻辑关系是否一致,全文是否紧凑等。
例如:
()Friedchickenismyfavorite。
A.foodB.animalC.answerD.taste
【解析】B。
如果仅从字面意义理解,考生很容易选择food,但是从逻辑关系来看,由第一段可知老师问“我们”最喜欢的动物是什么,“我”的回答是炸鸡,所以炸鸡是“我”最喜欢的动物,故选B。
4.把握时间,验证答案。
合理安排时间很关键,有些考生时间安排不当,在几个选项上过分纠缠,追求完美,导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。
正确的做法是由易到难,先做会做的,再考虑不太明白的。
同时将拿不准的选项回填到原文中进行验证,确定最终答案。
【备考建议】
考生在坚持阅读的基础上锻炼语篇意识和把握整体文段的能力,要关注生活,注意中西文化的差异,同时要科学选材,有效训练。
精选训练
(一)
Oncetherewasagirl,namedKate.Shewasverypoliteandreadytohelpeverybody.Onedayshefoundapinkpaperbagonthewaytoschool.Sheopeneditandsawtherewasalotof_______init.Shethoughtsheshouldhanditintotheteacher,soshe_______itinherschoolbag.
Whenshewenttotheteacher’soffice,herteacherwasn’t_______.Asitwastimeforclass,shehurriedtotheclassroom.
Afterclass,shetoldherfriend,Mary,aboutthemoneythatshe_______.Then,hergreedy(贪婪的)friendtookawaythebag.
Afterschool,Katewantedtogotothe_______officeagain,butshefoundthemoneywasmissing.
Thenextdaywhenthechildrenwereplayingagame,Maryfelldownandwashurtverybadly.Theotherchildrenstoodaroundheranddidn’tknow_______todo.Katekeptcalmanddidsomethingtostopbleeding.Shetoldtheotherstogototeachersfor________SoonateachertookMarytothe_______andthedoctorexaminedhercarefully.Withinaweekshewasallrightagain.Katebecameverypopularintheschool.
TwoweekslaterMarycametoKatehouse.Hereyeswerered.Shewascrying.ShegaveKatethe_______paperbagwiththemoneyinitandsaid.“Kate,Ihavetakenthemoneyaway.Thatdaywhenyouhelpedme,IfeltverysadandnowIdecidetotellyouthe________,youaresuchanicefriend!
________Pleasedon’ttelltheschoolaboutthisplease!
”thenKatesaid,“youarenow________,butyouhavedoneabadthing.ThoughIwillnottellanyone,Iwantyounottobegreedyand________todoanythingwrong.”ThegirlthankedKateand__________.
AttheendofthetermKatewasgivena________forbeingaveryhelpfulgirlintheschool.Marybecameanhonestgirlandwasnevergreedyagain.
Oncewrong,neverbewrongforever.
1.A.breadB.moneyC.paperD.fruit
2.A.gotB.caughtC.keptD.sent
3.A.outB.awayC.offD.in
4.A.foundB.lostC.savedD.made
5.A.worker’sB.doctor’sC.teacher’sD.headmaster’s
6.A.howB.whatC.whenD.where
7.A.helpB.treatmentC.actionD.leave
8.A.schoolB.classroomC.officeD.hospital
9.A.redB.pinkC.whiteD.black
10.A.lieB.storyC.truthD.result
11.A.AndB.ButC.OrD.So
12.A.friendlyB.politeC.generousD.honest
13.A.neverB.seldomC.sometimesD.usually
14.A.gotupB.wokeupC.gaveupD.cheeredup
15.A.prizeB.laughC.jokeD.reply
(二)
HenryBondwasaboutsevenyearsoldwhenhisfatherdied.Hismotherfoundit1tosupportthelargefamily.However,shetriedherbesttodoso.Also,she2Henry,theeldestson,toschool.
Atonetime,Henryneededagrammarbookforhisstudy.Hisfamilywasso3thathismothercouldnotaffordone.
Onemorning,Henryfoundthatadeepsnowhadfallen,andthe4windwasblowing.“Ah,”hesaid,“itisanillwindthatblowsnobodygood.”Withthesewords,herantothehouseofaneighbor,andofferedhis5tomoveawaythesnowaroundit.Theofferwasaccepted.Whenhefinishedthework,hereceivedhis6.Thenhewenttoanotherplaceforthe7purpose,andthentoanother,8hehadearned(挣得)enoughtobuyagrammarbook.
Fromthattime,Henrywas9thefirstinallhisclasses.Heknewnosuchwordas“10”,andhesucceededinallhetriedtodo.Havingthewill,healwaysfoundtheway.
1.A.easyB.funC.difficultD.possible
2.A.returnedB.sentC.followedD.lent
3.A.largeB.smallC.richD.poor
4.A.coldB.warmC.coolD.hot
5.A.serviceB.choiceC.moneyD.interest
6.A.bookB.payC.letterD.study
7.A.lastB.strangeC.sameD.boring
8.A.ifB.becauseC.sinceD.until
9.A.alwaysB.neverC.alreadyD.seldom
10.A.helpB.failC.tryD.give
(三)
Lastsummer,IlearnedsecretsofhappinessfromOnishit.
“Whatareyourtipsfor__1__?
”Iasked.“Thereisastoryaboutthat,”Onishittoldme.
Therewasoncealady.Herelderdaughterwasmarriedtoanumbrellabusinessman__2__theyoungerdaughterwasthewifeofasandal(凉鞋)businessman.Onsunnydays,she__3__theelderdaughter,“Theweatherissoniceandnoonewillbuyumbrellas.”Theseworriesmadehercry.
Whenitrained,shealsocried,“Myyoungerdaughtercouldnotsellsandalsonarainyday.”Sotheoldladylivedin__4__everyday.Whethersunnyorrainy,shecriedforoneofherdaughters.
Oneday,shemetamonk.Hewas__5__whyshewasalwayscrying.Sosheexplainedtohim.Themonksmiled__6__andsaid,“Youdon'tneedtoworry.Iwillshowyouaway,andsadnesswill__7__fromyou.Itisverysimple.Youjustneedtochangeyour__8__.Duringsunnydays,don'tthinkofyourelderdaughternotbeingabletosellumbrellasbuttheyoungerdaughterbeingabletosellhersandals.Thesamegoes__9__rainydays.”
Onishiconcludedhisstory,“Wecannot__10__theweather,butwecanadjust(调整)ourfeelings.”
1.A.successB.happinessC.wealthD.health
2.A.althoughB.orC.soD.while
3.A.arguedaboutB.thoughtaboutC.talkedaboutD.worriedabout
4.A.angerB.excitementC.sadnessD.satisfaction
5.A.confidentB.surprisedC.gladD.sad
6.A.comfortablyB.hopefullyC.kindlyD.politely
7.A.goawayB.giveupC.falldownD.passby
8.A.directionB.opinionC.positionD.situation
9.A.onB.toC.withD.for
10.A.meetB.chooseC.showD.see
(四)
YoungChinesewouldliketowearsweaterswithmessages.Theyexpecttostopfamilymembersfromnagging(唠叨)inthe1traditionalChineseSpringFestivalperiod,beginningonFeb.,16.
Onesuchsweaterfeatures(特载)messagessuchas“Pleasedon'taskmethegradesinfinalexaminations”,“Yourchildisreallygreat”,“No2salary”,“Iamonadiet,Ican'teattoomuch”andsoon.
Sweaterswiththesemessagesbecome3becausetheyprovideanswerstonaggingquestionsfromsomeyouths'parentsorrelatives.
DuringtheSpringFestival,familymembersgathertogetherandsomeoftheelderonesalwaysaskthe4membersofthefamilyquestionswhichtheyfeelunhappytoanswer.Forexample,“Howmanypointsdidyougetinfinalexaminations?
”or“Whenwillyoube5?
”.
ManyInternetusers6thelogosweatersarelovely,andhelpthemnotneedtoanswerquestionsiftheyweartheclothesduringtheholiday.
7,someInternetusersarenotthatoptimistic(乐观)aboutthesweaters.
Therearealsomany8methodstokeeppeoplefromfamilynaggingduringtheSpringFestivalholidays.Forexample,somenetizens(网民)suggestwecanpleaseourparentsorotherelderrelativesby9theirwordsanddoingwhattheywantustodo.
OtherInternetusershopedtheycouldsharewiththeirfamilymembersasong10WhatIDoisforYourOwnGood,withthelyrics“Mydearfamilymembers,Ihavemyownlife.”
1.A.sevendaysB.sevendayC.sevendayD.sevendays
2.A.talkingaboutB.totalkaboutC.talkaboutD.talkedabout
3.A.safeB.politeC.importantD.popular
4.A.tallerB.happierC.youngerD.stronger
5.A.marriedB.marryingC.tomarryD.marry
6.A.knowB.agreeC.wonderD.decide
7.A.ButB.SoC.HoweverD.Though
8.A.anotherB.othersC.theotherD.other
9.A.listeningtoB.hearingofC.sayingtoD.lookingat
10.A.callingB.tocallC.callD.called
(五)
AsuccessfulbusinessmanwasinvitedtoaTVinterview.Everybodycouldn'twaittohearhis__1__fromhim.However,heonlysaidwithasmile.“Won'titbebetterformetoaskyouforhelponacertainproblem?
”
Allthepeoplewere__2__himcarefully.Hereishisproblem.Hesaid,“Peopleallrushedtotheplacewhereagoldmine(矿)had__3__beendiscovered.Butwhentheygotthere,theyfoundtheywere__4__byariverinfrontofit.Theyhadtocrosstheriveriftheywantedtogettothegoldmine.Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereamong__5__?
“Makeanotherway,”someonesuggested.“Swimacross,”saidanother.Thebusinessmansmiledwithoutsayingaword.Finallyhegavehisidea.“Whynotdosomethingdifferent__6__rushingtothemine?
Howaboutbuyingaboattooffertheferry(渡船)service?
”Thelistenerswereall__7__.Hethenexplainedcalmly.“Themanwhoboughttheboatcould__8__alotofmoneybytakingthepassengerstotheotherbank.Theywouldliketo__9__theferrybecausetherewasgoldontheotherbank.
Dowhattheothershaven'tthoughtofordosomethingthatothershavenevertried__10__,thatisthekeytosuccess.
Adifficultsituation,intheeyesofawiseman,oftenmeansachanceofsuccess.
1.A.voiceB.storyC.successD.words
2.A.lookingatB.listeningtoC.lookingafterD.laughingat
3.A.justB.soonC.nearlyD.almost
4.A.coveredB.turnedC.passed
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