上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月阶Word文件下载.docx
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上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月阶Word文件下载.docx
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Thisisfarfromhyperbole(夸张):
Veniceisatveryrealriskof(22)_________(consume)bythesea.Inworst-casescenario,thecitycoulddisappearbeneaththewavesby2100.Meanwhile,manyofitsbuildingaresinking(23)_________beingdamagedbythewakesofboats.Itisalsoroutinelyoverwhelmedbytourists,whileitslocalpopulationisincontinualdecline.
Globally,alotofcities(24)_________(hit)bysimilarproblemsofsinkinglandandrisingsealevelsinVenice.Low-lyingJakarta(雅加达),forexample,isinsuchaterriblesituationthatitisbeingreplaced(25)_________thecapitalcityofIndonesiabyNusantara,acitynotyetevenbuilt.
InNovember2019,Venicesuffereditssecond-worstflooding.Itcreatedheadlinesaroundtheworld,withonlookers(26)_________(astonish)bytheincredibleimagesofSaintMark'
sSquare,oneofthecity'
slowestlyingareas,coveredinfeetofwater.
Thetidereachedapeakheightof187cmabovesealevel,(27)_________(result)inmorethan80%ofthecitybeingunderwater.Astateofemergencywasdeclared,andtherewasanestimated€1bneurosworthofdamage.
Theworsteverfloodingevent,whichhappenedin1966,(28)_________(see)waterlevelsriseto194cmabovesealevel,andisthought(29)_________(damage)
atleastthreequartersofthecity'
sshops,businessesandstudios.
(30)_________agapofover50yearsseparatedtheseevents,recenttrendssuggestthatwewon'
thavetowaithalfacenturytoseeanotherdisastrousflood.Sincewaterlevelsstartedbeingofficiallyrecordedin1923,theyhavereached150cmormoreononly10occasions,butfiveofthosehavebeeninthelastthreeyears.
SectionB
Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.smarts
B.strategies
C.signal
D.guideline
E.normal
F.automatic
G.challenged
H.deceives
I.target
J.suspended
K.disturbance
SpidersareSmarterthanWeThink
Peopletendtoassociateintelligencewithbrainsize.Asageneral__31__,thismakessense:
themorebraincells,themorementalcapabilities.Humans,andmanyoftheotheranimalswehavecometothinkofasintelligent,suchaschimpanzeesanddolphins,allhavelargebrains.Andit'
slongbeenassumedthatthesmallestbrainssimplydon'
thavethecapacitytosupportcomplexmentalprocesses.Butwhatifwearewrongandtheyactuallydo?
Spidersareonecasewherethisgeneralideais__32__,saidDimitarDimitroveoftheUniversityMuseumofBergeninNorway."
Behaviorsthatcanbedescribedas'
cognitive'
asopposedto__33__responses,arefairlycommonamongspiders."
Jumpingspidersaretheundisputedchampionsofcognitionamongspiders.Thejumpingspidersshowntohavethemostimpressive__34__belongtothegenus(属)Portia,foundinAfrica,AsiaandAustralia.Thesespidersprefertohuntotherspidersandhave__35__tailoredtoeachspeciestheypreyon.
WhenhuntinganothergroupofjumpingspiderscalledEuryattus,Portiaemploysaclevertrick.Euryattusfemalesbuildnestsincurled-updeadleaves__36__inairbysilkattachedtorocksorvegetation.Courtingmalescrawldownthesilkropes,standontopofthenest,andshakeitinaspecificway.The__37__drawsthefemaleoutofthenest.
TopursueaspiderthatalsocatsJumpingspiders,Portia__38__itintomovingcloserbyplucking(拔)someofthesilkstrandsofitsweb.Ifthe__39__spiderisrelativelysmall,Portiaplucksthewebtoimitateatrappedinsect,promptingthe
spidertorushover,thinkingitisabouttohaveameal--onlytobecomeoneitself.Butifthespiderisbiggerandpotentiallymoredangerous,Portiamaycopyagentle__40__similartoafruitflycontactingasinglestrandattheedgeofthewebthatthespiderwillslowlywanderovertoinspect.Assoonasthetargetiscloseenough,Portiapouncesandstrikeswithitspoisonouslongsharpteeth.
III.ReadingComprehensions
Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
Oneofthesupposedbenefitsofbeinginalong-termrelationshipistheguaranteethatthoseinvolvedwillnotbeforcedtospendtimealone.
Advocatesofmarriagearguethatlivingasacoupleorasafamilyhelpstopreventsituationsoflonelinessandisolation,whichcan__41__leadtoanxiety,depression,andotherhealthproblems,especiallyinoldage.
Thispsychologicalcourse,however,isin__42__withmanyspiritualleaders,philosophers,andartistswhopraisetheadvantagesofspendingtimealone.__43__,someofthemostcelebratedthinkersandcreators--fromWordsworth(1770-1850,Englishpoet)toEinsteinandothers-praisedthevalueofspendingtimeawayfromothers.
Whatif,insteadoffocusingonthedisadvantagesofbeinglonelyandbyoneself,thefocuswas__44__thebenefitsofsolitude?
Solitude,likeloneliness,impliesspendingtimealone.Yet,indirectcontrasttoloneliness,solitudecanoftenbeapositivestateofbeingthatshouldbe__45__ratherthanavoided.
Insteadoffocusingonthenegativeexperiencesofbeingalone,thestudyofsolitudeasa__46__revealsthatadifferentapproachtothisrealitycanpromotefreedom,creativity,intimacy,spirituality,andthereforehappiness.
__47__,solitudebringsrewardstothosewhovalueit.Singles,then,particularlysingleswhoappreciatethevalueofspendingtimealone,canbenefitgreatlyfromtherelationshipcircumstancesthatfacilitatesolitudethatwouldbemoreelusive(不常见的)forindividualslivingwiththeirpartners.
Infact,boostingthehappinessthatsinglescangainfromsolitudeistheideathatthosewhoaresingle,orplainlysingleatheart,aremorelikelytoenjoyandbenefitfromsolitude.Singleatheart__48__atypeofindividualwhosepersonalityandnaturemeanthattheylivethehappiest,fullest,andmostauthenticliveswhentheyarenotinrelationships.Peoplewhoaresingleatheartthrivethemostfromsolitudeandself-sufficiencyandarealsomorelikelytoreap__49__rewardsfromspendingtimebythemselves.
Somestudiesevenpointouthowbeingsingleand__50__canbebeneficial.Forexample,in__51__psychologicalresourcesavailabletomarriedandnever-marriedadults,ananalysisindicatesnosignificantdifferencesinmentalhealthbetweenthestudygroups.
__52__,thestudysuggeststhatnever-marriedindividualsachieveahigherlevelofpersonalmasterythantheirmarriedcounterparts,particularlythoseabovetheageofforty.__53__,thosewhohadnevermarriedhadclearerpersonalvisionsandgoals,exhibitedhigherlevelsofpatience,andweremorepreparedtoviewreality__54__.
Thereisevenevidencetosuggestthatsingles,whoaremoreaccustomedtobenefitingfromtimespentalone,arecapableofbeingtheirownsourcesofcomfortandsecurity,thoughfurtherresearchisrequiredinordertoestablishthe__55__behindthisphenomenon.
41.A.inturn
B.forsure
C.atleastD.byaccident
42.A.agreement
B.conflict
C.contactD.negotiation
43.A.Hopefully
B.Roughly
C.HistoricallyD.Spiritually
44.A.committedto
B.attributedto
C.attachedtoD.shiftedto
45.A.tackled
B.sought
C.assumedD.deposited
46.A.subject
B.discipline
C.practiceD.concept
47.A.Anyway
B.LikewiseC.YetD.Indeed
48.A.refersto
B.approvesof
C.accountsforD.figuresout
49.A.physiological
B.emotional
C.economicD.physical
50.A.self-defensive
B.self-aware
C.self-evident
D.self-sufficient
51.A.comparing
B.exploiting
C.distributing
D.conserving
52.A.Nevertheless
B.Moreover
C.ThusD.Otherwise
53.A.Aboveall
B.Betterstill
C.Inotherwords
D.Ontheotherhand
54.A.sensitively
B.keenly
C.deliberately
D.objectively
55.A.remedies
B.mechanisms
C.relations
D.secrets
Readthefollowingtwopassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
(A)
Myfriendwasheartbroken.Her8-year-oldsonhadcomehomefromschoolreportingthattheywereweighedingymclass,andthatithadledtoadiscussionamongtheboysabouttheirweights.Itwasthefirsttimehersonhadrealizedthathewassignificantlyheavierthanmostofhisfriends,andhecamehomethatdaywithabrand-newmessageinhishead:
Beingheavierwasn'
tagoodthing.
Herstorygavemeflashbackstomyowngymclassweigh-ins.Irememberbeingcalleduponebyone,howthescalewasconnectedtoalargedigitalreadoutbigenoughforeveryonetosee-andhow,sadly,itfeltlikeacompetitionamongthegirlstobethelightest.
Thoughitvariesfromstatetostate,manyschoolshaveaprograminplacetomeasurehealthandfitnessingymclass.Theassessmentusuallyincludesthingslikepush-ups,flexibilitytests,andascale.Weightisthenusedwiththechild'
sheight
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