专业英语与一般英语的区别.ppt

专业英语与一般英语的区别.ppt

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1,专业英语与一般英语的区别,2,DifferencesbetweenspecializedandgeneralEnglishDifferentpurposesForspecializedpurposetoobtainthemostrecentinformationtopublishtheresearchresultseitherbywritingapaperorgivinganoralpresentationDifferentlearningmethodsreadasmanyEnglishreferencesaspossibleattendasmuchasseminaraspossibletrytocomposeresearchpapers/reportsinEnglishDifferentcontentsSpecialvocabulariesandterms,3,GrammaticalcharacteristicsofspecializedEnglish1）客观（Objectivity）thepresenttense,pasttenseorperfecttensethepassivevoiceorimpersonalsubjecte.g.Itwasstartedin1969,whentheU.S.DepartmentofDefenseestablishedanationwidenetworktoconnectahandfulofuniversitiesandcontractors.（pasttenses）,4,2）简洁（Conciseness）nonfiniteverbs:

Gerund,participle（past,present）,infinitivenounphrasee.g.1.Manydifferentschemesforperformingthesethreefunctions（sampling,quantizingandcoding）haveevolvedduringrecentyears.（gerund）2.Consequentlythereisaninherentadvantageforovercomingnoisyenvironmentbychoosingdigitaltransmission.（gerund）3.Televisionisthetransmissionandreceptionofimagesofmovingobjectsbyradiowaves.,5,4.Thesignalreceivedfromasatellite,locatedinfarouterspace,isveryweak.（pastparticiple）5.Mostotherformsoftransmissionsystemsconveythemessageinformationusingshapeorlevelofthetransmittedsignal.（presentparticiple）6.Ethernethubsandswitchesprovideaneasyandinexpensivemeanstoprovidemorebandwidthtoworkstations.（infinitive）,6,3）准确（Accuracy）longsentences-exceedinglyinformativeconditionalsentences-accuratedescriptione.g.Ifthenumberofthemessagesinthesetisfinitethenthisnumberoranymonotonicfunctionofthisnumbercanberegardedasameasureoftheinformationproducedwhenonemessageischosenfromtheset,allchoicebeingequallylikely.,7,4）“无生命主语及物动词宾语（宾语补足语）”e.g.Chapter6providesabasicintroductiontotheideasofsequences,seriesandlimits.5）常用it作为形式主语或宾语e.g.1）Ithasbeenprovedthatinducedvoltagecausesacurrenttoflowinoppositiontotheforceproducingit.2）Theinventionofradiohasmadeitpossibleformankindtocommunicatewitheachotheroveralongdistance.,8,6）尽量用紧缩型状语从句而不用完整句e.g.Whiledesignedprimarilyforusebyengineeringstudents,itisbelievedthatthebookisalsohighlysuitableforstudentsofthephysicalsciencesandappliedmathematics.7）割裂修饰比较普遍（包括短语或从句被分隔）e.g.Itishopedthatthisprovision,togetherwiththelargenumberofworkedexamplesandstyleofpresentation,alsomakesthebooksuitableforprivateordirectedstudy.（主谓分离）,9,8）较多使用祈使语气e.g.Lettheforward-passtransferfunctionbegivenbythelineardifferenceequation.9）句中并列成分（各种并列短语、单词或从句）较多e.g.Radarhascertaininherentadvantagesoverdetectionsystemsemployinglightwaves:

1）hasgreaterrange,2）itisusableinanyweatherandindayornight,and3）theelectroniccircuitryandcomponentsfortransmitting,receiving,amplifying,detectingandmeasuringarehighdeveloped.,10,专业英语词汇的构成World-building派生法（Derivation）复合法（Composition）转化法（Conversion）拼缀法（Blending）缩略法（Shorting）,11,Derivationa-:

asynchronous,asymmetryanti-:

clockwise-anti-clockwiseco-:

relation-correlationoperation-cooperationdis-:

advantage-disadvantagecover-discoverable-disableen-:

enable,enlargeem-:

embed,embody,12,im-:

possible-impossiblebalance-imbalanceil-:

legible-illegiblelegal-illegalin-:

correct-incorrectcapable-incapableir-:

regular-irregularrelevant-irrelevantinter-:

change-interchangeinterfaceinternetinteract,13,mis-:

miscountmistakeMulti-,poly-:

multipurpose,multicarrierpolynomial（binomial）non-:

linear-nonlineareffective-noneffectivepost-:

postfixpostgraduatepre-:

prefix,preface,predictre-:

retell,readjustreflect,react,reverse,14,sub:

set-subsetsubscriptsubroutinesuper-:

superscriptsuperconductorsuperpositionsym-,syn-:

synchronoussymmetrytele-:

telephone,telegraph,telescope,15,trans-:

transmitter,transformtransverseultra-:

ultraspeed:

ultravioletultravioletrayultrasonic,16,semi-:

semiconductormono-:

monotonebi-,di-,ambi-,twi-:

tri-:

triangle,trifoldquadr-:

quadranglequadri-phase,