专四模拟2详解.docx
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专四模拟2详解.docx
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专四模拟2详解
参考答案:
TuberculosisStillKills
Therearesome“good”thingsaboutthediseaseoftuberculosisorTB./Oneisthatitcanbecured./AnotheristhatTBisnotspreadbyshakinghandsorsharingdishes./Theoccasionalcoughorsneezefromanearbystrangerdoesn’ttransmitTB./YetTBstilloccursworldwide,/killingalmost2millionpeopleayear!
/Mostvictimsareyoungorelderlywholiveindevelopingcountries.
TBusuallyattacksthelungs./Commonsymptomsincludelotsofcoughing,lossofappetite,andchestpain./Asimpleskintest,followedifnecessarybyachestx-ray,/willdetermineifactiveTBexists./Ifso,adoctorwillprescribeantibiotics./MorethanabillionpeoplehaveinactiveTB./Itbecomesactiveandlife-threateningonlywhenaperson’simmunesystemweakens/becauseofagingoraseriousillness.
1参考答案:
A
TIP:
文中提到ItiscalledSisterCarrie.ItisaboutawomannamedCarriewholeaveshercountryhometoearnalivinginChicagoandNewYork.HowdoyoulikeSisterCarrie?
可知随后的谈话主要围绕作品进行。
2参考答案:
A
TIP:
文中提到Nowmostotherauthorsofthattimewouldhavepunishedthecharactertoprovideamorallesson,butDreiserhasCarriebecomeasuccessfulactressattheend.可知SisterCarrie所表达的思想和当时的主流不吻合。
3参考答案:
C
TIP:
文中提到W:
Hi,Ed.Lookslikeyouwerehereearly.M:
Yeah.Classdoesn’tstartfortenmoreminutes,soIputupthenovelI’mreading.可知两人准备上课,时间尚早,一人拿出小说来看,推知为同学关系。
SCRIPT:
W:
Hi,Ed.Lookslikeyouwerehereearly.
M:
Yeah.Classdoesn’tstartfortenmoreminutes,soIputupthenovelI’mreading.
W:
Whatisit?
M:
ItiscalledSisterCarrie.ItisaboutawomannamedCarriewholeaveshercountryhometoearnalivinginChicagoandNewYork.
W:
Oh,I’vestudiedTheodoreDreiser(美国小说家).HowdoyoulikeSisterCarrie?
M:
It’snotwhatIexpected.Onthebackcoveritsaysthebookcreatedalotofcontroversywhenitwasfirstpublishedin1900.Itevensaysthepublisherwithdrewoutfrommarketafteronly500copiesweresold.ButIdon’tseewhy.
W:
Well.Thenovelmightnotbeshockingbyourstandardsbutitsurecreatedastirthen.ThinkaboutwhatCarriedoes.Sheleaveshercountryhomeandgetscaughtupinsomepersonalscandalsinthecity.Nowmostotherauthorsofthattimewouldhavepunishedthecharactertoprovideamorallesson,butDreiserhasCarriebecomeasuccessfulactressattheend.
M:
Wow,thatputsthestoryinadifferentperspective.IbetDreisermusthavebeendiscouragedwhenthepublishertookitofffrommarket.
W:
Hesurewas.Hestoppedwritingfictionsforawhileanddidworkasajournalistandaneditor.
4参考答案:
D
TIP:
文中提到Beforewebegintoday’stopic,I’dliketoreviewthephasesofchildlanguageacquisitionthatwewentoveryesterday.可知对话的中心是复习儿童语言习得的阶段。
5参考答案:
C
TIP:
文中提到Butthatataboutthreemonthsofagebabystartstoutterthefirstsoundsthatresemblelanguagesounds.Thesoundsofconsonantslike"k"and"g"可知三个月大的婴儿开始发出类似语音的声音如辅音"k","g"。
6参考答案:
C
TIP:
文中提到Well,betweensixmonthsandoneyearofage,babiesbegintoassociatesoundswithmeaning.由此推知在这个年龄段婴儿能将动物如“猪”、“狗”等声音和其意义联系起来。
7参考答案:
C
TIP:
文中提到whatlinguistsarestilltryingtodetermineishowthislanguageacquisitiontakesplace可知语言学家仍然对语言习得机制不很了解。
SCRIPT:
M:
Beforewebegintoday’stopic,I’dliketoreviewthephasesofchildlanguageacquisitionthatwewentoveryesterday.Who’dliketosummarizeforus?
Yes,Lisa.
W:
Well,firstofall,yousaidthatnew-bornsonlymakerudimentaryvocalizationsbecausethevoiceboxisn’tinpositionforspeechyet.Butthatataboutthreemonthsofagebabystartstoutterthefirstsoundsthatresemblelanguagesounds.Thesoundsofconsonantslike“k”and“g”.
M:
That’sright.Andafterthisstagecomethemeaninglesssyllables,aconsonantfollowedbyavowel.Forexample,the“dada”sounds.Andatthenextstagecomesarealbreakthrough.Canyoutellusaboutthat,Lisa?
W:
Well,betweensixmonthsandoneyearofage,babiesbegintoassociatesoundswithmeaning.So,whenyousay“dog”,theyknowyou’rereferringtothefour-leggedanimalthatistheirhousepet.Atthisstagetheystarttobuildavocabulary.Andinamatterofmonthstheyarelearningtentotwentynewwordsaday.Thisvocabularygrowthcontinuesuntiladolescents.
M:
Right.Andisn’titamazingthatbythetimechildrenaretwoorthreeyearsoldtheyarestringingsentencestogether?
Certainlynoonewoulddisputethatchildrenhadatremendouscapacityforlearninglanguage,whatlinguistsarestilltryingtodetermineishowthislanguageacquisitiontakesplace.
8参考答案:
B
TIP:
文中提到Well,IhaveanewprojectIthoughtyoumightbeinterestedin.I’msettingupawritersgroup.Youknowasupportgroupforpeoplewhotryingtogetpublished.可知Diana有个新的项目,帮助同学在校报上发文章。
9参考答案:
B
TIP:
文中提到I’mworkingonashortstorythatI’dliketogetpublishedinthecampusliteraryreview.可知男士想在校园文学评论上发表自己的短篇小说。
10参考答案:
A
TIP:
文中提到ProfessorMichelhasagreedtositinonafewsessionsandshe’salsogoingtomakeupalistoflocalprofessionalswhomightbewillingtospendsometimewithus.可知教授会对他们的写作项目提供一些帮助,如参加讨论、邀请当地的专家等。
SCRIPT:
M:
Hello.
W:
Hi,Tom,it’sDianafromcreatorwritingclass.
M:
Oh,hi,Diana,What’sup?
W:
Well,IhaveanewprojectIthoughtyoumightbeinterestedin.I’msettingupawriters'group.Youknowasupportgroupforpeoplewhotryingtogetpublished.
M:
Um,howwoulditwork?
W:
Wegettogetheronceaweek.I’vealreadyarrangedforameetingroominthelibrary,andthenwesharewhatwewereworkingonandoffereachothertheadvice.
M:
Icouldusesomeadvice.I’mworkingonashortstorythatI’dliketogetpublishedinthecampusliteraryreview.You’vedonethathaven’tyou?
Didn’tIseeapoemofyoursinlastissue?
W:
Yes,Iwassoexcitedtofinallyseemyworkandprint.Itwasmythirdsubmission.
Youjusthavetokeeptryingiftheyturnyoudown.
M:
WellI’msurethegroupcouldhelpme,butIdon’tknowhowmuchIcancontribute.I’mreallyjuststartingout.Idoalotofwork,butI’mdefinitelystillinnovels.
W:
That’sOK,Iknowfromyourcommentsinclass,andyouwillbeanasset.Wearegoingtogetsomemoreexperiencestohelptoo.ProfessorMichelhasagreedtositinonafewsessionsandshe’salsogoingtomakeupalistoflocalprofessionalswhomightbewillingtospendsometimewithus.
M:
Soundsgreat.Youcandefinitelycountmein.
11参考答案:
D
TIP:
文中提到ItissaidthattheAmericanpublichasnevershownmuchinterestinthegamecalledsoccerintheUnitedStates.可知这篇文章的话题是美国足球。
Americanfootball是橄榄球。
12参考答案:
C
TIP:
文中提到Thisisamotherwhospendsalotoftimedrivingherchildrentosoccergamesandwatchingthemcompete.SoccerisincreasinginpopularityamongAmericans.可知足球妈妈对美国足球的贡献很大。
13参考答案:
C
TIP:
文中提到TheUnitedStatesnationalteamhasqualifiedforfourWorldCupcompetitions.ThenewMajorLeagueSoccerOrganizationhasbeenmakingprogresssinceitbeganabouttenyearsago.可知美国足球进步很大,已经四次进入世界杯。
SCRIPT:
ItissaidthattheAmericanpublichasnevershownmuchinterestinthegamecalledsoccerintheUnitedStates.However,thisisonlytrueofolderAmericans.Theseadultsdidnotplaysoccerwhentheywerechildren.Theydidnotgrowupwiththesportaspeopleinothercountrieshave.SportslikeAmericanfootball,baseballandbasketballhavealwaysbeenmorepopularintheUnitedStatesthansoccer.ChildrenaremakingsoccermorepopularintheUnitedStatesbecausealmostanyonecanplaythegame.Thereareteamsforgirls,boys,olderchildrenandyoungadults.SomeAmericanshavebecomeinterestedinsoccerbecausetheirchildrenplay.ThishasproducedanewAmericanexpression,“soccermom.”Thisisamotherwhospendsalotoftimedrivingherchildrentosoccergamesandwatchingthemcompete.SoccerisincreasinginpopularityamongAmericans.TheUnitedStatesnationalteamhasqualifiedforfourWorldCupcompetitions.ThenewMajorLeagueSoccerOrganizationhasbeenmakingprogresssinceitbeganabouttenyearsago.TheincreaseduseoftheInternetispermittingAmericansoccerfanstocommunicatewiththoseinotherpartsoftheworld.Andmoretelevisionstationsarebroadcastingsoccergames.Still,mostAmericanssaytheywouldratherplaysoccerthanwatchitontelevision.
14参考答案:
D
TIP:
文中提到JaneAustenwasbornon16December1775以及In1801thefamilymovedtoBath.可推知在Austen26岁时家人移居Bath。
15参考答案:
C
TIP:
文中提到HernextnovelPrideandPrejudice,whichshedescribedasher“owndarlingchild”receivedhighlyfavourablereviews.可知获得好评的小说是《傲慢与偏见》。
16参考答案:
A
TIP:
文中提到Emmawasdedicatedtotheprinceregent,anadmirerofherwork.可知《爱玛》一书是献给仰慕她的作品的王储。
17参考答案:
D
TIP:
文中提到ShetravelledtoWinchestertoreceivetreatment,anddiedthereon18July1817.可推知Austen在Winchester去世。
SCRIPT:
JaneAustenwasanEnglishnovelistwhosebooks,setamongtheEnglishmiddleandupperclasses,arenotablefortheirwit,socialobservationandinsightsintothelivesofearly19thcenturywomen.JaneAustenwasbornon16December1775inthevillageofSteventoninHampshire.Shewasoneofeightchildrenofaclergymanandgrewupinaclose-knitfamily.Shebegantowriteasateenager.In1801thefamilymovedtoBath.AfterthedeathofJane’sfatherin1805,Jane,hersisterCassandraandtheirmothermovedseveraltimeseventuallysettlinginChawton,nearSteventon.Jane’sbrotherHenryhelpedhernegotiatewithapublisherandherfirstnovel,SenseandSensibility,appearedin1811.HernextnovelPrideandPrejudice,whichshedescribedasher“owndarlingchild”receivedhighlyfavourablereviews.MansfieldParkwaspublishedin1814,thenEmmain1816.Emmawasdedicatedtotheprinceregent,anadmirerofherwork.AllofJaneAusten’snovelswerepublishedanonymously
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