热点动词十六类英语.docx
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热点动词十六类英语.docx
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热点动词十六类英语
热点动词十六类(英语)
热点动词十六类
一、连系动词类
●连系动词的分类:
变化类:
表事物状态发展变化的过程。
如:
become,gobad/hungry/crazy/mad/insane/blind/deaf/pale,turngreen/teacher/3o’clock/twenty-one,growold/strong,getintouchwith/married/cross,fallasleep/inlovewith,cometrue/right等。
感觉类:
表五种感觉器官的感受。
如:
look,feel,sound,taste,smell。
“…起来”
状态存在、保持类:
表事物存在或保持的状态。
如:
keepsilent/quiet/fit,runshortof/dry/lowonsth.,remainsilent/afisherman,standstill/idle,lieinruins/behind/ahead/instore,staycalm/up,provetobe+adj.
外表特征类:
表外表给人的印象。
如:
appear,seem
●连系动词常后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。
●除了feel,get,become,grow等少数几个词之外,系动词不用于进行时态和被动语态。
例如:
1.Themixtureistastedterrible.(误)
Themixturetastesterrible.(正)
2.Jimpretendedtobefallingasleepwhenhismothercamein.(误)
Jimpretendedtobe/fallasleepwhenhismothercamein.(正)
3.I’mfeelingmuchbetterthaneverbefore.
4.Itwasgettingdarkeranddarker.Besides,acoldrainbegantofall.
■【高考例题】
1.---Doyoulikethematerial?
---Yes,it______verysoft.(NMET’94)
A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt
2.Whydon’tyouputthemeatinthefridge?
Itwill_______freshforseveraldays.(NMET’03)
A.bestayedB.stayC.bestayingD.havestayed
3.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain______astheplanewasmakingalanding.(上海’04春)
A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating
4.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.Ifnot,youmay_______runoverbyacar.(北京’02)
A.haveB.getC.becomeD.turn
5.Happybirthday,Alice.Soyouhave_______twenty-onealready.(天津’04)
A.becomeB.turnedC.grownD.passed
6.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyoucan’thavetimeto_______beforetheparty.(全国Ⅱ’04)
A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange
7.Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthecoalmine,she_______pale.(湖北’04)
A.gotB.changedC.wentD.appeared
8.Theflowers_______sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.(上海’04)
A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt
9.Althoughhehastakenalotofmedicine,hishealth______poor.(上海春’02)
A.provesB.remainsC.maintainsD.continues
10.Ilovetogototheseasideinsummer.It______goodtolieinthesunorswiminthecoolsea.
A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makes
【答案】CBCBBACBBB
【选析】
5.turn+age/time=reachacertainageortime,e.g.
Ithasjustturned3o’clock.刚刚过了三点钟。
Hehasjustturned40.他刚刚40岁。
6.get+p.p.①系表结构,重状态变化,属瞬间动词,如:
getlose/changed/married②被动结构,重动作的结果,如:
getburnt
10.feellink-v.①(摸上去)给人某种手感②给人以……的感觉
Itlookedandfeltlikeglue.
Itfeelsstrangebeingbackhereafteralltheseyears.
Ihaveoftenwonderedwhatitwouldfeelliketoberichandfamous.
二、感官动词类
●常考词:
五“看”,二“听”,一“摸”,一“抓”
see,watch,lookat,notice,observe;listento,hear;
feel;catch;find.
●考点:
后接非谓语不同形式作宾补时,表达意义不同。
1.不带to的不定式表示一个过去动作发生的全过程,或一个尚未发生的具体动作。
如:
Iwatchedmyboysplayfootballyesterdayafternoon.(全过程)=Iwatchedwhilemyboyswereplayingfootballyesterdayafternoon.
Ioftenheardthesongsung,butIhaveneverheardyousingit.(尚未发生)=Ioftenheardthesongsung,butIhaveneverheardwhenyousingit.
2.–ing形式表示一个与感官动词同时进行的动作,是个片断。
如:
Seeingthesunrisingabovethesurfaceofthesea,weletoutashoutofjoy.(see与rise同时发生,看到的是太阳升起的片断)=Wewereseeingwhenthesunwasrisingabovethesurfaceofthesea,andweletoutashoutofjoy.
Atthenews,Ifeltmyheartbeatingfast.(feel与beatfast同时发生)=Atthenews,Ifeltthatmyheartwasbeatingfast.
Isawthelostgirlplayingbytheriver.(我看见失踪女孩的时候,她在河边玩。
)=WhenIsawthelostgirl,shewasplayingbytheriver
3.-ed形式表示宾语和宾补之间的被动关系。
如:
Afterhisreturntwentyyearslater,hefoundhishomegreatlychanged.=Afterhisreturntwentyyearslater,hefoundthathishomehadbeengreatlychanged.
AlthoughhehaslearnedsomeEnglish,Ihaveneverheardasinglewordofitspoken.=AlthoughhehaslearnedsomeEnglish,Ihaveneverheardthatasinglewordofithasbeenspokenbyhim.
●find的不同结构
Ifoundhewashonest.(宾语从句)=Ifoundthathewashonest.
Ifoundhimhonest.(复合宾语)
think也有类似的用法,如:
Idon’tthinkitiseasytolearnEnglishwell.(宾语从句)
Idon’tthinkiteasytolearnEnglishwell.(复合宾语)
■【高考例题】
1.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_______thenextyear.(NMET’00)
A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout
2.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_______inthekitchen.(NMET’03)
A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked
3.Themissingboyswerelastseen______neartheriver.
A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay
4.Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlwhowascaught______andletheroff.(NMET’93)
A.tohavestolenB.tobestealingC.tostealD.stealing
5.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_______hishandintothepocketofapassenger.(北京’04春)
A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting
【答案】CBADD
【选析】
1.注意定语从句的干扰。
要考查seetheplan____。
2.firev.解雇。
注意被动语态的干扰。
4.catchsb.-ing碰上某人正在做某事,抓住某人正在做某事。
其被动结构为:
becaught–ing.
becaughtinarain/storm/snow遇上下雨(暴风雨,下雪)
三、使役动词类
●使役动词是表示“使某人做某事,让某人做某事”的动词。
●常考词:
make,have,let,keep,leave,set,send,like,want,ask,get等。
●后接非谓语的不同形式作宾补,表达不同的含义。
1.have,make,let后接不带to的不定式作宾补。
如:
Don’tmakehimdoitifhedoesn’twantto.
Ifyouhaveanyproblems,justletmeknow.
IwillhaveTommakeacopyforyou.
在被动结构下,作主语补足语的不定式需带to。
如:
Hewasmadetomakeanapologytotheguests.
2.其他许多词后接带to的不定式作宾补。
如:
Myparentswantmetobeausefulpersontothesociety.
Wealllikeyoutogiveaperformance.
Theexpertsenttheliontosleep.
3.后接-ing形式作宾补,表持续性动作。
如:
I’msorrytokeepyouwaitingforsolongatime.
Myfatherhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.
Youshouldn’tleaveyourworkundone.
4.后接-ed形式,表被动意义。
如:
Howsoondoyouhaveyourhaircut?
I’llkeepyouinformedassoonasIhavethenews.
Tomakeyourselfheard,youshouldraiseyourvoice.
5.后接形容词或介词词组作宾补,表处于某状态。
如:
Sportscanhelpkeepushealthy.
Wouldyougeteverythingreadybefore8?
■【高考例题】
1.Don’tleavethewater_______whileyoubrushyourteeth.(天津’04)
A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun
2.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirchildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents______.(重庆’04)
A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry
3.---Whydidyougobacktotheshop?
---Ileftmyfriend_______there.(北京’03春)
A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.waits
4.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire_______allnight.(NMET’91)
A.toburnB.burnC.burningD.burned
5.---Goodmorning,canIhelpyou?
---I’dliketohavethispackage_______,madam.(NMET’89)
A.beweighedB.weighingC.weighedD.toweigh
6.Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself_______.(NMET’91)
A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard
7.Asyouhaveneverbeentherebefore,I’llhavesomeone_______youtheway.(上海’94)
A.showB.toshowC.showingD.showed
8.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade______.Healwaysworkshard.(NMET’95)
A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning
9.Acomputercandoonlywhatthinkingpeople_______.(上海’99)
A.haveitdoB.haveitdoneC.havedoneitD.havingitdone
10.Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad_______wentwrong.(上海’98)
A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired
【答案】BAACCDABAC
【选析】
2.getsb.worried使某人感到担忧
6.makeoneselfunderstood/known/heard使某人自己被他人理解(了解,听见)
9.thinkingpeople思想者
10.相当于Mrs.Brownwasverydisappointedtoseethatthewashingmachinethatshehadhad_____wentwrong.注意考查的是在定语从句中hadhad(thewashingmachine)_____(repair)。
四、-ing与-ed形式的情感形容词
●-ing形式的形容词用来修饰和说明事物的性质。
●-ed形式的形容词用来修饰和说明人的性质。
●对于人的声音、表情既可用-ing形式,也可用-ed形式,但意义不同。
如:
anexcitedvoice(=Thespeakerisexcited.)
anexcitingvoice(=Theaudiencemaybecomeexcited.)
afrightenedlook(=Thepersonreferredtoisfrightened.)
afrighteninglook(=Theviewersmaybecomefrightened.)
●适用动词有:
excite,inspire,encourage,interest,satisfy,delight,please,move,frighten,surprise,amaze,astonish,shock,worry,disappoint,discourage,exhaust,puzzle,tire,terrify,bore等
■【高考例题】
1.Nickislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoes_______hisboss.(北京’00春)
A.servesB.satisfiesC.promisesD.supports
2.---I’mvery______withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.
---Mm,itdoeshavea_______smell.(北京’02春)
A.pleasant,pleasedB.pleased,pleasedC.pleasant,pleasantD.pleased,pleasant
3.Mr.Smith,_______ofthe______speech,startedtoreadanovel.(北京’03春)
A.tired,boringB.tiring,boredC.tired,boredD.tiring,boring
4.Itisbelievedthatifabookis_______,itwillsurely_______thereader.(上海’03春)
A. interested,interestB.interesting,beinterestedC.interested,beinteresting
D.interesting,interest
5.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome_______.(上海’04春)
A.beingexhaustedB.exhaustedC.exhaustingD.havingexhausted
【答案】BDADB
五、后接不定式的动词类
●afford,agree,choose,determine,expect,decide,learn,offer,hope,manage,want,wish,promise,refuse,fail,pretend,happen等动词,后接不定式作宾语。
如:
Thankyouforofferingtohelp,butIcanmanagemyself.
Helearnedtorideabicyclewhenhewasasmallboy.
■【高考例题】
1.Weagree_______herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.(NMET’95)
A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet
2.LittleJimshouldlove_______tothetheaterthisevening.(NMET’92)
A.tobetakeB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking
3.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen_______,butI’mgoingtostudyintheUSAthisSeptember.(辽宁’04)
A.tobeheardB.tobehearingC.tohearD.tohaveheard
4.She
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