经济学原理对应练习19.doc
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经济学原理对应练习19.doc
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Chapter19/EarningsandDiscriminationv857
Chapter19
EarningsandDiscrimination
MultipleChoice
1. Adifferenceinwagesthatreflectsdifferencesinthenonpayfeaturesoftwojobsiscalled
a. acompensatingdifferential.
b. awageadjustment.
c. anefficiencywage.
d. aminimumwage.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
1 REF:
19-3
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Definitional
2. Adifferenceinwagesthatarisestooffsetthenonmonetarycharacteristicsofdifferentjobsisknownas
a. acompensatingdifferential.
b. aninefficiencywage.
c. theequilibriumdifference.
d. aunionwage.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
1 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Definitional
3. Workinginaslaughterhouseismuchriskierandmoreunpleasantthanworkinginabookstore.Asaresult,we'dexpectadifferenceinwagesbetweenthetwojobs.Thedifferenceisknownas
a. anefficiencywage.
b. acompensatingdifferential.
c. awageadjustment.
d. aminimumwage.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
1 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Definitional
4. Theterm"compensatingdifferential"refersto
a. thefactthatworkerswhodosimilarworkshouldbepaidthesamewage.
b. thefactthatsomeworkerslivefurtherfromtheirjobsthandootherworkers.
c. awagedifferencethatisdistinguishableonthebasisofmonetarycharacteristics.
d. awagedifferencethatarisesfromnonmonetarycharacteristicsofdifferentjobs.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Definitional
5. Workerswhoworkthenightshiftareoftenpaidmorethanthosewhodoidenticalworkonthedayshift.Thisisreferredtoasa
a. discriminatorywagepractice.
b. compensatingdifferential.
c. wageinequity.
d. amarketinefficiency.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Definitional
6. Factoryworkerswhoworkthedayshiftearnlessperhourthansimilarly-skilledfactoryworkerswhoworkonthenightshift.Thedifferenceinpayisattributedto
a. themarginalproductoflabor.
b. themarginalproductofcapital.
c. diminishingmarginalreturns.
d. acompensatingdifferential.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Applicative
7. Thestatementthat"nightshiftworkersmakeahigherwagethandayshiftworkers"islikelytoreflectthefactthat
a. mostpeople'spreferenceistoworkthedayshift.
b. somepeopleprefertoworkanightshiftfornonmonetaryreasons.
c. nightshiftjobsaregenerallymoretechnicallydifficult.
d. morewomenthanmenworkthenightshift.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
8. Wagedifferencesthatcan'tbeexplainedbythenumberofyearsoftrainingarelikelytoresultfromfactorsassociatedwith
a. demandbutnotsupply.
b. supplybutnotdemand.
c. compensatingdifferentials.
d. conditionsofregulatedmarkets.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Definitional
9. Ifaworkerisindifferentbetweenajobwithawageof$12perhourandajobwithawageof$15perhour,thenthe
a. higher-payingjobenjoysacompensatingwagedifferentialof$3perhour.
b. higher-payingjobenjoysacompensatingwagedifferentialof$15perhour.
c. higher-payingjobisintrinsicallymoreattractivethanthelower-payingjob.
d. worker'spreferencesarenotrational.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
1 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Definitional
10. Patrickisconsideringtwodifferentjobsinthesamecity-oneasabicyclecourierandtheotherasamailroomclerk.Bothrequireequivalenttraining.Hefindsneitherjobveryappealing,but,iftheypaythesamewagerate,Patrickwouldprefertoworkasamailroomclerk.InorderforPatricktofindthetwojobsequallyattractive,the
a. mailroomjobmustpayacompensatingwagedifferential.
b. mailroomjobmustpayanefficiencywage.
c. courierjobmustpayacompensatingwagedifferential.
d. courierjobmustpayanefficiencywage.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
11. Onaverage,electricianswhoworkondangeroushigh-voltagepowerlinesearnmoreperhourthansimilarlyskilledelectricianswhodon'tworkondangeroushigh-voltagepowerlines.Thedifferenceinpayisattributedto
a. themarginalproductoflabor.
b. themarginalproductofcapital.
c. diminishingmarginalreturns.
d. acompensatingdifferential.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Applicative
12. Thestatementthat"coalminersarepaidmorethanworkerswithsimilarlevelsofeducation"islikelytoreflectthefactthat
a. coalminingisadecliningindustry.
b. coalminingjobsarepotentiallymoredangerousthanjobswithcomparableeducationrequirements.
c. allcoalminesuseunionlabor.
d. coalexportsarerising.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
13. Thestatementthat"professorsarepaidlessthanlawyersdespitehavingsimilaramountsofeducation"islikelytoreflectmarketconditionssuchthat
a. educationisnotlikelytoberelatedtocompensation.
b. professorsreceivelowerwagesbecauseotheraspectsoftheirjobsaremorepleasant.
c. thejobsofdoctorsandlawyersprovidemorejobsatisfactionthanthejobsofprofessors.
d. Alloftheabovearecorrect.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
14. Thestatementthat"publicschoolteachersarepaidlessthanengineersdespitehavingsimilaramountsofeducation"islikelytoreflectmarketconditionssuchthat
a. engineeringclassesareuniversallylessdifficultthanareeducationclassesattheuniversity.
b. engineershavelowerintrinsicjobsatisfactionthanpublicschoolteachers.
c. wagediscriminationismorelikelyinmarketsforpublicschoolteachers.
d. thereisnocompensatingwagedifferentialthatappliestopublicschoolteachers.
ANS:
B PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
15. Otherthingsequal,aparticularjobwilllikelypayahigherwageifitinvolves
a. dangertotheworker.
b. personalenjoymentfortheworker.
c. intellectualstimulationfortheworker.
d. Alloftheabovearecorrect.
ANS:
A PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
16. ParkrangersatYellowstoneNationalParkareknowntohavelowwages.Thisisprobablybecause
a. parkrangersarerequiredtobecollegegraduates.
b. parkrangersdon'tneedmuchmoneytolive.
c. parkrangerjobsareperceivedtobedangerous.
d. parkrangerjobsareperceivedtobe"fun."
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
17. Whichofthefollowingcomparisonsbestillustratesacompensatingdifferential?
a. John'swageishigherthanJane'sbecausethevalueofJohn'smarginalproductishigherthanJane's.
b. Beth'swageishigherthanBill'sbecauseBethisverypersonable,andBillisverygruff.
c. Karl'swageishigherthanKay'sbecauseKarl'sjobmaycauselong-termhealthproblems,andKay'sjobwillnotimpairherhealth.
d. Alloftheabovearegoodillustrationsofcompensatingdifferentials.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
18. Publicschoolteachersareknowntohavelowwages.Thisisprobablybecause
a. publicschoolteacherjobsareeasy.
b. publicschoolteachersarerequiredtobecollegegraduates.
c. publicschoolteachersneedverylittlemoneytolive.
d. manypeopleperceivethejobofpublicschoolteachertohaveahighelementofpersonalsatisfaction.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
19. Aplumberwhospecializesincleaningpluggedsewerlinesistypicallypaidahigherwagethanaplumberwhoworksoninstallingwatersystemsinnewresidentialhousing.Thiscanbepartiallyexplainedbythefactthat
a. plumberswhoworkwithsewerlinesrequireyearsofspecializedtraining.
b. plumbingjobsthatinvolvesewerlinesarelikelytohaveanelementofpersonalsatisfaction.
c. plumberswhoworkwithsewerlinesaremorelikelytoworkastandardshift.
d. plumberswhoworkwithsewerlinesarelikelytobeperceivedashavinga"dirty"job.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
20. ThejobofnightwatchmanatthePunxsutawnyPhilGroundhogmuseumisknowntohaveahighwage.Thiscanbepartiallyexplainedbythefactthatthejobislikelyto
a. requirespecializedskills.
b. bedifficult.
c. beincrediblydull.
d. carryahighdegreeofpersonalsatisfaction.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
21. Professionalunderwaterdiversareknowntohavehighwagesandworkanaverageofonly20hoursperweek.Thehighwagesarepartiallyexplainedbythefactthatthejobislikely
a. tobeverydull.
b. tobefun.
c. tobeverydangerous.
d. torequireacollegedegree.
ANS:
C PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
22. Assumingthatallotherthingsareequal,includingthewage,whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?
a. Thequantityoflaborsuppliedforeasyjobsexceedsthatfordifficultjobs.
b. Thequantityoflaborsuppliedforfunjobsexceedsthatfordulljobs.
c. Thequantityoflaborsuppliedforsafejobsexceedsthatfordangerousjobs.
d. Alloftheabovearecorrect.
ANS:
D PTS:
1 DIF:
2 REF:
19-1
TOP:
Compensatingdifferentials MSC:
Interpretive
23. Taxicabdriversinlargecitiesarelikelytoearnmorethantaxicabdriversinruralareas.Onereasonforthiswagedifferentialcouldbethat
a. drivinginlargecitiesismoredangerousthandrivinginruralareas.
b. drivinginlarge
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