语法填空解题技巧【精品PPT】.ppt
- 文档编号:18779913
- 上传时间:2023-11-10
- 格式:PPT
- 页数:44
- 大小:1.03MB
语法填空解题技巧【精品PPT】.ppt
《语法填空解题技巧【精品PPT】.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《语法填空解题技巧【精品PPT】.ppt(44页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
1、阅读/理解语篇的能力;2、分析句子结构的能力;3、熟练运用语法的能力。
1.语法填空题能力要求,WhatstheusualwayyoufulfillthetaskGrammarFilling?
三步完成:
概读理解分析填空连贯检查,语法,词法,句法,章法,惯用法,思考:
面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点,我们到底该怎样入手呢?
GroupWork,Discusswithyourgroupmembersaboutgarmmarofblanksfrom21to30.,讨论归纳,语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词(verb)(或其适当形式)、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modalverbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)考查各项语法内容。
3.语法填空题空格设计,纯空格,介词,连词,代词,冠词,从句引导词,情态动词,助动词等,有提示词,谓语动词,非谓语动词,名词,形容词,副词,形容词或副词的比较级或最高级,3.Thelittleboypulled33_righthandoutofthepocket,冠词或(物主)代词,无提示词可数名词单数之前,1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey.Sothefarmerkilled40_goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.2.WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas35_shy,nervousperfectionist.,the,a,his,考查语法点:
定冠词,不定冠词,物主代词的用法,讨论归纳,归纳总结:
如果句子基本结构完整,空格后面是名词(尤其是单数名词),前面无限定词,就应该考虑空格处是否需要填冠词(a/the)、不定代词(any,no,some,all,every.)和形容词性物主代词(my,her,their,its),名词所有格等进行修饰。
连词或从句引导词,无提示词两个主谓结构连接,1.Itwasnotlong39_thewaitresscamebackandthenshebegantowipedownthetableandsuddenlywassurprisedatwhatshesaw.2.Officeworkerstriedtoputoutthefire,_itwasimpossibletocontrolit.,before,考查语法点:
各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法,讨论归纳,找出谓语动词;分清楚句子层次理清分句关系;克服干扰,划掉修饰成分,but,归纳总结:
1从句子结构考虑,如果空格前后都有句子。
则要根据上下文的逻辑关系,选择适当的副词或连词。
表原因:
because,for,since等表结果:
so,therefore,hence,thus等表递进:
further,furthermore,moreover,inaddition等表转折:
but,nevertheless,however,yet,While,althouhgh,though等,2如果两个句子(即两个主谓结构)之间没有分号或句号,也没有关联词连接或引导,则填并列连词或从属连词,that,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why(引导定语从句)that,whether,if,whose,which,who,what,when,where,how,why(引导名词性从句)when,before,after,until,while,because,so,if,unless,although,as(引导状语从句)and,orbut(连接并列句),介词,无提示词与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语,表语等与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语,1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis39_greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish2.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback34_thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.,of,at,考查语法点:
介词的基本用法及惯用搭配,讨论归纳,归纳总结,名词或代词前面的空格也可能填介词。
如句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下,名词或代词前面,一定是填介词。
介词可位于名词之前如:
atnight,onSunday也可位于形容词之后,如beinterestedin,begoodat还可位于不及物动词之后,如listento,arriveat,lookfor,特殊句式结构,1Sherememberedhowdifficult_wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.2Little_weknowhislife.3_coldwastheweatherthatwehadtostayathome.4I_gotothestationtomeetherbutIdidntseeher.5Itwasinthestreet_Imetanoldclassmateofminetheotherday.,it,do,So,did,that,归纳总结,由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词1由itis.that.强调句型2由it作形式主语或宾语的句式3sosuch.that.句型4构成倒装条件的only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,notuntil,had等5强调谓语动词要填do,does,did.,有提示词的解题技巧,分析句子结构上下文语境,谓语动词(时态和语态)非谓语动词名词,形容词,副词,形容词或副词的比较级或最高级,有提示词,动词,给出的提示词为动词时,我们应首先分析句子结构,判断该动词在句中是谓语动词还是非谓语动词,或者是否需要转换词性等,然后再具体解题。
谓语动词,有提示词与主语构成主谓结构,1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI39_(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.2.Hisfearoffailure36_(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.,wastold,kept,考查语法点:
谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致,讨论归纳,技巧1:
句中没有谓语,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致,且中间有并列或转折连词时,需填的词则是谓语动词。
时态考虑要瞻前顾后。
例1.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,_(close)mybookandwalkedaway.,closed,例2.Allovertheworld,peoplemovefromplacetoplace.Moreandmorepeople_(leave)townsandfarmstomovetocities.Thismovement(move)tocitiesiscalledurbanization.,areleaving,例3.Smallercarsarejustoneofthedirectionsthatthecarindustryistaking.Alsotheindustry_(produce)carsthatpollutelessandhavealessharmfuleffectontheenvironmentthesedays.,isproducing,例4.Nobodyknowswhat_(happen)ifshehadrefusedtopay.,wouldhavehappened,例5.Theinternationalagreement,intendedtoencouragechildrennottosmokeand_(help)peoplekickthehabit,_(sign)onFebruary27lastsummer.,help,wassigned,例6.Thehappiest(happy)ofpeopledontnecessarily(necessary)havethebestofeverything;theyjustmakethemostofeverythingthat_(come)alongtheirway.,comes,例7.Thecountrylifehewasusedto_(change)greatlysincetheopeningpolicywascarriedout.,haschanged,非谓语动词,有提示词除谓语动词以外的动词形式,1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson32_(receive)thegift.2.IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft_(complete)therest!
3.Mypupils,Donnie40_(include),adoredher.,receiving,tocomplete,included,考查语法点:
非谓语动词及变形的使用,讨论归纳,技巧2:
若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。
若是非谓语动词就要确定用doing形式,done形式,还是todo形式。
非谓语的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。
例10.butitisnotenoughonly_(memorize)rulesfromagrammarbook.,tomemorize,例11._(speak)outyourinnerfeelingwontmakeyoufeelashamed,onthecontrary,Speaking,注意:
作主语或宾语时,通常用doing/beingdone形式表示习惯或一般情况;用todo/tobedone形式表示具体情况或将来;作状语用havingdone/havingbeendone表示已发生。
例12._(complete)theprojectasplanned,wellhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.,Tocomplete,例14.Somepeoplesaythatoldestchildren,whoaresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely_(success.),tosucceed,注意:
作目的状语或者在固定结构中,一般用todo形式。
例13.Theyoungstudentdidallthathecould_(pass)theexaminations.,topass,例15.Hesawthestone,_(say)tohimself:
“Thenightwilllbeverydark.”,saying,注意:
分词作伴随状语,原因状语,条件状语等时,要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定形式。
例16.Therewillbeameeting,_(start)laterthisyeartoreviewthefilm.,learned,注意:
分词做后置定语也要看它与被修饰词之间的关系确定形式。
starting,例17.Lessons_(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.,例18.At9:
07pm,Sept.25,TheShenzhouVIIspacecraftwasliftedbythelongMarch-Fcarrierrocketintospace.ThelaunchoftheShenzhouVIIisChinasthirdmannedspaceventuresinceOctober23,whenitjoinedRussiaandtheUnitedStatesastheonlycountries_(send)astronautsitnospace.,注意:
名词前有first,second,last,only修饰时,后面要用todo/tohavedone做后置定语。
tohavesent,theonly,例19.Mr.Greenwasdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad_(repair)gowrongagain.,注意:
固定结构如:
havesth.done,seesth.done,thewaytodo等。
repaired,例20.Canyoutellmethewayyouthoughtof_(work)outtheproblem.,towork,词性转换,有提示词介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子,1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid36_(rude).2.Oneofthe33_(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher5.AsfarasIamconcerned,my37_(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.,rudely,worst,suggestion,考查语法点:
各类词性的正确使用及转化,讨论归纳,技巧2:
词类转换题要先确定在句中的成分。
dangerous,例19.Ina_(danger)partoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealand,theylearntto,例20.Theremustbesomething_(serious)wrongwithoursociety.,seriously,varieties,例21.ZhengShouying,aprofessorattheFordScienceandTechnologyCollegeofNanjingAgricultureUniversity,believesChineseshouldlearntopickthebestmilkfromthe_(vary)thatfillstoreshelves.,harder,例23.Theotherfrogwentonjumpingashardashecould.Hejumpedeven_(hard)andfinallymadehimselfout.,unnecessary,例22.Yourmistakecausedalotof_(necessity)workintheoffice.,请用刚刚总结的考点,尝试用下面的短文,进行语法填空的命题1挖出你认为会考的10个空;2注明理由(比如:
介词+名词);3时间:
3分钟。
Morethan220peoplewerekilledinthefirewhichdestroyedtheCapitalBuildingonFebruary4th,1974.Thebuildingwasfinishedonlyafewmonthsbeforethefire;itwasSaoPaulosnewestbuilding.Allthe25floorsoftheofficebuildingwerecompletelydestroyed.Thefirealsodestroyedcarswhichbelongedtopeoplewhoworkedinthebuilding.Over500peoplewereworkinginthebuildingwhenthefirebrokeoutonthe11thfloor.Nooneknowshowthefirestarted.Perhapsitwasstartedbyanelectricalfireintheceilingofoneoftheoffices.Officeworkerstriedtoputoutthefire,butitwasimpossibletocontrolit.Soonthewholefloorwasonfireanditwasimpossibleforpeopleonthefloorsabovetoescape.,考点分布,Morethan220peoplewerekilledinthefire_1_destroyedtheCapitalBuildingonFebruary4th,1974.Thebuildingwasfinishedonlyafewmonths_2_thefire;itwasSaoPaulosnewestbuilding.Allthe25_3_oftheofficebuildingwerecompletelydestroyed._4_firealsodestroyedcarswhichbelongedtopeoplewhoworkedinthebuilding.Over500peoplewereworkinginthebuildingwhenthefire_5_onthe11thfloor._6_knowshowthefirestarted.Perhapsitwasstartedbyan_7_(electricity)fireintheceilingofoneoftheoffices.Officeworkerstriedtoputoutthefire,_8_itwasimpossibletocontrol_9_.Soonthewholefloorwasonfireanditwasimpossibleforpeopleonthefloorsabove_10_(escape).,Onepossibleversion,Morethan220peoplewerekilledinthefire_destroyedtheCapitalBuildingonFebruary4th,1974.Thebuildingwasfinishedonlyafewmonths_thefire;itwasSaoPaulosnewestbuilding.Allthe25_oftheofficebuildingwerecompletelydestroyed._firealsodestroyedcarswhichbelongedtopeoplewhoworkedinthebuilding.,which/that,before,floors,The,Over500peoplewereworkinginthebuildingwhenthefire_onthe11thfloor._knowshowthefirestarted.Perhapsitwasstartedbyan_(electricity)fireintheceilingofoneoftheoffices.Officeworkerstriedtoputoutthefire,_itwasimpossibletocontrol_.Soonthewholefloorwasonfireanditwasimpossibleforpeopleonthefloorsabove_(escape).,brokeout,Noone,electrical,but,it,toescape,总结提升,实词,虚词,一根据句子结构,确定词性,动词名词形容词副词代词,冠词介词连词,词性,一般有提示词,无提示词,主谓,N./Pron.,Vt.,宾,N./Pron.,Vi.,宾,+prep.,art.,art.,Adv.,Adj.,Adj.,_,Adv.,_主谓,conj./引导词,X_,非谓语动词,总结提升,二根据上下文意义及语法,确定词形,冠词,定冠词,不定冠词,/物主代词的用法,并列句及复合句,非谓语,非谓语动词todo,doing,done及变形,谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致,连词,介词,介词的常用用法及词组搭配,词性变化,词汇,构词法,谓语动词,学习建议:
不断记忆,积累词汇夯实基础,学好语法大声朗读,培养语感坚持不懈,多做练习,PracticeMakesPerfect!
精品课件,你值得拥有!
精品课件,你值得拥有!
精品课件,你值得拥有!
精品课件,你值得拥有!
精品课件,你值得拥有!
精品课件,你值得拥有!
ThankYou!
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 精品PPT 语法 填空 解题 技巧 精品 PPT